Radioactive loli 'o'ātoma nuclei: i ka mōʻaukala o ka loaʻa, i ka papa kuhikuhi ano o ka loli'

Ka loaʻa o ka 'ole o ka'ātoma nucleus i kekahi o na kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauaoʻano nui i loko o ke ana o kēia physical ike. Ua hele mai epekema ma ka hopena a pono e pili ana i ka 'ole o ka mea uuku (particles) i kekahi manawa. A me ka mea hope wehe 'ē aʻe kānāwai - no ka mea hoike, i nā kānāwai o ke noi ana o microparticles, e like me nā hiʻona i ka hou' ana o'ātoma nuclei, a hana ana i radioactive ka palaho.

Rutherford ka ho okolohua

No ka mea manawa mua radioactive loli 'o'ātoma nuclei aʻo EnglishʻImi Loa Rutherford. E like laila ka mea, ua maopopo i ka papa kuhikuhiE nuipa a o ka'Ātoma e kau mai ma luna o kona Kora naʻEsau, no ka mea, na electrons mea he nui haneri manawa māmā ma mua o nucleons. I mea e noiʻi ana i ka maikaʻi e mālama ai i loko o ka nucleus, 1906 godu Rutherford? Aaei makaikai i'Ātoma kaʻimiʻana hoʻohana 'Alpha (particles). Oia (particles) e hua mai ma ka hoʻopöʻino 'ia o ka radium, a me kekahi poe waiwai. Ma kona ike maopopo ana, Rutherford loaa i ka manaʻo o ka 'ole o ka'Ātoma, i i haawiia mai i ka inoa "planetary kükohu".

Ka mua loina o ka radioactivity

I ka makahiki 1985 i ka 'ōlelo PelekāniaʻImi Loa William Ramsay, ka mea, ua ikeia no kona loaʻa o argon kinoea, i ka hoihoi' loaʻa. Ka mea pōhaku i kapa cleveite ia i loaa kinoea helium. A laila, he nui nui o ka helium i kekahi, ua loaʻa i loko o nā nā minelala hao, akā, ka poe wale i nā thorium a me ka uranium.

Ke kanaka noiʻi, ka mea, ua nui loa malihini: pehea hiki lawe i loko o nā minelala hao kinoea? Akā, i ka wā Rutherford i hoomaka ai e noiʻi i ke ano o ka radioactivity, ka mea i loaʻa i helium mea he huahana o radioactive ka palaho. Kekahi Nine Inch hehee wale "paha" 'ē aʻe, me ka pono hou waiwai. Keia mea hoole aku paha i pau mua hana o chemists o ka manawa.

Kilo Frederick Soddy

Together me Rutherford i ka haʻawina 'ana komo nä känaka' epekema Frederick Soddy. He ua he chemist, a no ka mea, o kona hana a pau lawe mai ma ka pili ana i ka 'ike o Nine Inch hehee wale, e like me kā lākou mau waiwai. I mea, i ka huli ana o radioactive'ātoma nuclei i Soddy mua ke kikohukohu. He ua hiki ke loaʻa mai ka mea i ka, alpha (particles) e i hoʻohana 'ia ma kona ike maopopo ana, Rutherford. Hana ana,ʻepekema i loaʻa i ka nuipa a o kekahi Alpha huna o 4'ātoma nuipa huahelu. Ua loaa i kekahi helu o ka, alpha (particles), ka noiʻi i loaʻa i ua lilo iho la lakou i ka hou waiwai - helium. Ka waiwai o keia kinoea i maopopoʻia Soddy. No laila, ka mea, ua koi ia, ua hiki i ka paʻa electrons Alpha-(particles), a lilo mawaho ma'ākilikai helium nā'ātoma.

Loli i loko o ka nucleus o ka'Ātoma

Mahope noiʻi Ua hoʻomōhala ma luna o ka 'ike o nā hiʻona o ka'ātoma nucleus. ua aoia epekema i ka loli 'a pau mai i hoʻomaka ai me electrons a huina'ine iwi, akā,' ana me nā nuclei lakou iho. I ka huli ana radioactive nuclei kōkua ai i nā loli o kekahi'ē aʻe waiwai. A laila, hou hiʻona o kēia mau loli 'uaʻikeʻole i kānakaʻepekema. Akā, ka mea, ua maopopo i kekahi mea: lākou hopena, ma kekahi alanui, hou Nine Inch hehee wale.

No ka mea manawa mua loa ia i ka lei o metamorphoses, ua hiki ke kumumea i ke kaʻina hana o ka loli o ke radium i loko o radonʻepekema. Nā reactions i ka hopena ma ka huli ana, pu ma ka kūikawā pāhawewe noiʻi kapaia nukelea. E hoolilo ana iʻoiaʻiʻo i nā mea a pau kēia mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana lawe wahi mea i loko o ka nucleus o ka'Ātoma, hoomaka ae laʻepekema e noiʻi ana, a me nā waiwai,ʻaʻole wale radium.

Open ano o ka pāhawewe

XIX. Ka hoʻopaʻi, a e koi pane i kēia mau nīnau - ia Aloha ke kālaikūlohea (Grade 9). Radioactive loli 'o'ātoma nuclei i kekahi hapa o kona papa. Ma ia mea ma ka uranium penetrating pāhawewe, Rutherford ike akula 'o nā' ano o ka pāhawewe a radioactive loli '. Emi penetratingʻano kapaʻia Alpha pāhawewe. Hope ia i ka noiʻi 'ana a me ka Hoʻokolohua pāhawewe. Gamma-pāhawewe kahua Willard i mua? Anoee i ka 1900. ʻepekema, ua hoike ia ka kŰia o ka radioactivity pili i ka hoʻopöʻino 'ia o'ātoma nuclei. Penei, he kaomi lāʻau ma luna o ka rula ana a hiki i ka manawa o ka hoolohe ana o ka'Ātoma me he indivisible huna.

Radioactive loli 'o'ātoma nuclei: i ka papa kuhikuhi ano o

ka mea, Ano, ua noʻonoʻo i ka mea, ekolu ano o ka loli 'iloko o radioactive palaho: Alpha palaho, Hoʻokolohua palaho, huina'ine ka hopu, oleʻikeʻia me K-ka hopu. I ka Alpha palaho ua kinoea mai ka nucleus o ka Alpha huna, i mea ka nucleus o ka helium'Ātoma. Hekikai no radioactive nucleus pela hoohuliia i loko o kekahi i mea e emi mai ka pila kauoha. Alpha palaho mea oukou waiwai kau hope ia ma ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika papaʻaina. Hoʻokolohua palaho ua i hui pū i loko o ka radioactive huli ana o'ātoma nuclei. Haku mele 'ana o ka'ātoma nucleus i loko o kēiaʻano i hoʻololi: ka mea haalele i neutrinos paha antineutrinos a me electrons a me positrons.

Kēiaʻano o ka palaho ua pu ma ka pōkole-ke kōā electromagnetic a pāhawewe. A hiki i ka lolouila ka hopu ana o ka'ātoma nucleus absorbs kekahi o ka hoʻopuniʻana o nā electrons. Ma keia hihia, ke beryllium nucleus ke huli i loko o ka likiuma nucleus. Kēiaʻano i loaa i ka 1938 ma 'Amelika physicist o Alvarez' ohana, ka mea i aʻo radioactive loli 'o'ātoma nuclei. Photos ma a noiʻi i ho'āʻo e hoʻopio i kēia mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana i pihaʻi i kiʻi, like me ke blurred ao, no ka mea, o na mea uuku o (particles) ma lalo o? Anoee.