Skeletal Muscle. skeletal Muscle pūʻulu. Ke 'ole a me ka hana ana o skeletal Muscle

Nāʻiʻo - kekahi o na kumu nui eiiiiiaiou o ke kino. Ka mea, i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka lole, ua hoemiia ka puluniu ma lalo o ka aoao o ko mākou hopohopo impulses, hiki i ke kino, e neʻe a ia e mālama i loko o ke kaiapuni.

Nāʻiʻo i ke aupuni 'ma kela apana keia apana o ko mākou kino. A hiki ina mākou e e ike i ko lakou ola, ka mea i nō ma laila. Lawa, no ka mea hoike, ka mea mua manawa e hele ai i ka hale haʻuki a me aerobics - ka ia lāʻoe e hoʻomaka i ka hana inoʻo ia mau mea nāʻiʻo, i ke alo o ka a au i ka hāʻuleʻana.

Lakou mau kuleana ole wale no ka neʻeʻana. I koena, na nāʻiʻo i kauoha ikehu e malama ia oe iho me ka maikai shape. Kēia mea e hōʻoia 'ia i kekahi manawa i kekahi hapa o ke kino ke pane i nā aʻalolo impulses e like ana, e makemake ana ia ma mua o Noho manawa i aʻo.

E maopopo i ka 'ole o nā nāʻiʻo, ua paipai e hoomanao i ka hoʻokumu paʻaʻana i, e' oe i ka Mea Maluna, a, e nana i loko o ka ke kelepona hele 'ole o ka Muscle. pū mākou aʻo e pili ana i ka maʻi, a hiki lakou aloha i ko lakou hana, a pehea e hooikaika i ka skeletal nāʻiʻo.

General manaÿo

E like me kona maʻiʻo a me reactions 'ia Muscle olona, e māheleʻia i loko o:

• striated;
• ala apuupuu.

Skeletal Muscle - elongated omo 'ole, i ka helu ana o nuclei i loko o hoʻokahi aeea a e hiki i kekahi mau haneri. Ka mea, he poe Muscle'aʻaʻa, a ua pili i nā wahi likeʻole o ka pokou iwi. Contraction o striated nāʻiʻo he hoʻonui i kanaka neʻe.

ʻano o nā 'ano apau loa

Kaʻokoʻa nāʻiʻo? Photos hōʻike i loko o kēia 'atikala, e kōkua mai i ka ike ia.

Skeletal nāʻiʻo nō kekahi o nā kumu eiiiiiaiou o ka musculoskeletal nenoaiu. Ka mea, ae oe, e hoʻoneʻe, a e malama i koena, e like me ka pono like 'ole i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka hanu, phonation, a me nā hana.

Ma kānaka, ma laila nō ma luna o nāʻiʻo 60. Ka pakeneka o ko lākou mau huina kaumaha, he 40% o ka heluna kino kaumaha. i hoʻolaha nāʻiʻo e like me ka palapala a me ka 'ole:

• mānoanoa kālī-hoʻokino;
• lahilahi una.

Mea Maluna simplifies ke ao

Mahele ana i loko o nā pūʻulu o skeletal Muscle mea e kaukaʻi ma luna o ka wahi a me ka waiwai o kā lākou mau hana i loko o nā nā loko likeʻole o ke kino. I ka papa kuhikuhiE pūʻulu:

Nāʻiʻo o ke poo a me ka ai:

• mimic - e oe maliu oluolu mai la,ʻano a me ka hanaia ana o kekahi mau grimaces, oiai ka hōʻoia 'ana i ka neʻeʻana o nā eiiiiiaiou māhele o ka maka;
• chewable - he hoʻonui i hoʻololi i ke kulana o ka maxillofacial oihana;
• ka naau mai nāʻiʻo o ka mea na nā loko o ka poo (palupalu kīleo, olelo, maka, waena pepeiao).

Groups o skeletal nāʻiʻo o ka cervical spine:

• ili honua - haawi kēlā a me rotational ka neʻe 'ana o ke poo;
• Middle - ho okumu i ka lalo paia o ku una ha i ka lua, a me ka paipai i ka lalo o ka neʻeʻana o ka iwi ā, ka hyoid iwi a me ka laryngeal cartilages;
• hohonu lawe Alive a me e kaʻapuni ai o ke poo, hoala e kāinoa mua a me ka lua o ka lua penei.

Nāʻiʻo Hawaii photo e ike nei, e kuleana no ke kino, a ua māheleʻia i loko o Muscle laulau kēia mau oihana.

• thoracic - actuates ka luna torso a me na mea kaua, a me ka poʻea pau i ka loli ma kaʻoihana o ka iwi aoao i hanu;
• abdomen - ka mea, e hāʻawi mai i ka neʻeʻana o ke koko ma na aa koko, hāpai mai loli o ke kulana o ka pahu ka wā ha, e loli ai ka functioning o ka gastrointestinal'āpana, ka paipai 'ana i ke anuenue o ke kumu;
• hoʻi - hana i ka propulsion nenoaiu o ke keenaʻaoʻao.

lala nāʻiʻo:

• luna - ua i mai o ka Muscle'aʻaʻa o ka'ūhā mua kaei a me ka hoaka o ka lala noa, kōkua e neʻe i ka lima i loko o ka'ūhā mua ami mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku a me ka hana i ka holo ana o ka pulima a me ka manamanalima;
• lalo - pāʻani i ka nui kūlana i loko o ka neʻeʻana o ke kanaka ma ka makahiki, māheleʻia i loko o nā nāʻiʻo o ka pelvic kāʻei, a me ka noa hapa.

Ka 'ole o ka skeletal Muscle

Ma kona 'ole, ka mea, ua he nui helu o ke Muscle olona, o elongated kinona me ke anawaena o ka 10 a hiki i 100 microns, kā lākou lōʻihi papa koa, mai 1 a hiki i 12 knm olona, (microfibrils) i lahilahi -. Actin, a me ka manoanoa - myosin.

I ka mua he o ke kumuʻiʻo me ka fibrillar 'ole. He kapa actin. Manoanoa olona, he poe kekahi 'ano o ka myosin. Ka mea, i wehewehe aku ma ka manawa koi 'ia no ka decomposition o ATP nā lātoma, i hiki aku ai i kaʻokoʻa holo ho'ēmi.

Myosin i ala apuupuu Muscle aeee ke aupuni 'ma ka liʻiliʻi iā noho, he mea he nui ka nui o ke kumuʻiʻo, a, ma ka huli, ka mnogoznachaschim i hoʻolōʻihiʻia tonic contractions.

Ka 'ole o ka skeletal Muscle mea like i ka mea ulana kaula a ili uea olona. Luna a puni kona lahilahi uhi o connective'aʻaʻa kapa epimizium. Ma kona lilo o ka ili hohonu i loko o ka Muscle haaleleʻoi aʻe ai manamana ai connective'aʻaʻa, e pili ana i pohā. Ka mea, e "wahi iho la ia" kanaka laulau o ka Muscle'aʻaʻa, i pihaʻi me mai i 100 i loko o kēlā me kēia o nā fibrils. Ka mea iʻoi haaleleʻololī lala.

Ma nā mea a pau o nā papa i loko o ka skeletal nāʻiʻo komo iloko o ka circulatory a me ko mākou hopohopo nenoai. Arterial Vienna holo ma perimiziuma - he connective'aʻaʻa e uhi ana i ka laulau o ka Muscle olona. Arterial a venous capillaries i ke aupuni 'kokoke.

ulu kaʻina

Skeletal nāʻiʻo hoʻomōhala mai ka mesoderm. Mai ka ua'emi Groove hana somites. A hiki i ka manawa a lakou e anao? Aou myotomes. Lākou mau keena, e lawe ana i ke ano o ka kālī, Hawaiʻi i loko o myoblasts, a i maheleia. Kekahi o ia e holo pono, oiai kekahi poe noho ua hoʻololiʻia a me ke ano miosatellitotsity.

A nīnūnē hapa o myoblasts aie, e kelepona i ka laau i hui 'ana me kekahi i kekahi hou i loko o ka papa ciia plasmalemma disintegrate. Aie i ka halepaahao kuʻi nukeliu i symplasts. Ka mea, i hele a opiopio undifferentiated Muscle keena, aia i loko o ka ia i hoʻolilo 'ia me myosymplasts hale ilaloʻili lahilahi.

Skeletal Muscle kuleana pili i

'O kēia ke kumu o ka musculature o ka musculoskeletal nenoaiu. Inā ia mea ikaika, i ke kino ka hiki pono e mālama i loko o ka pololei kulana, a me ka pahiki o ka hanana o ke scoliosis Kūlou nō paha minimized. Ma nā pros i nā haʻuki, no laila, ke kūlana hoʻokaniʻia e nā nāʻiʻo mākou noonoo.

Contractile skeletal Muscle'aʻaʻa i loko o ke kanaka kino hana nui okoa oihana, i mea e pono ai no ka pololei hoʻonohoʻia o ke kino, a me ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o kona wahi i kekahi i kekahi.

Nāʻiʻo hana na kēia mau hana:

• i ka hoʻoneʻe o ke kino;
• lilo ia i kahu wela ikehu hana i loko o ke kino;
• kōkua vertical ka hele a me ka mālama i loko o ka makahiki;
• he hoʻonui i ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka naehana'āpana, a kōkua me ka moni 'ia;
• 'ano mimics;
• he hoʻonui i ka hooulu ana o ka wela.

mākau kākoʻo

I ka wā o ka Muscle mea ma maha, he mea mau i ka hōʻemi iki hoʻopilikia, kapa Muscle leo. Ua Ua hanaʻia ma muli o ia nīnūnē lāʻau ikiʻai wale nä alapine e komo i ka spinal kaula nāʻiʻo. Lākou ole, ua kena ae la ia e no lepa i komo iloko, mai ke poo a hiki i ka spinal motoneurons. Muscle leo, ua hilinaʻi nui ma luna o lākou mauʻano:

• kona;
• hoʻopiha nui o ka Muscle wahī;
• koko enrichment;
• i ka huina o ka wai a me ka paakai koena.

Man i ka hiki e hoʻomaʻa i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke Muscle haawe ana. E like me ka hopena o ka hooloihi ae i physical hoounauna a me ka ikaika a me ka 'ehaʻeha o ko mākou hopohopo ke kanana nei involuntary Muscle leo, piʻi pū.

Contraction o skeletal nāʻiʻo a me kā lākou mauʻano likeʻole

Kēia kuleana pili i ka apau. Akā,ʻo ia, a me ka nohoaliʻi naau kupono, hiki ke mahele ia i loko o kekahi mau ano.

Ano o ka contractile Muscle:

• isotonic - i ka hiki ana o Muscle'aʻaʻa hoopokole me ka loli o ke Muscle olona,;
• Isometric - ka naoh o ka puluniu emi, akā, kona lōʻihi koe ka ia;
• auksotonicheskie - i ke kaʻina hana o ka contraction o ka Muscle'aʻaʻa, ai ka lōʻihi, a hoʻopilikia o na nāʻiʻo malalo i ka loli.

E mai hoike i kēia kaʻina hana ma hou au mamuli

Mua, o ka lolo i neural nenoai ma ka lāʻau ikiʻai wale a hiki i ka Hawaii neuron e pili ana i ka Muscle laulau. Next efferent neurons innervated o synoptic vesicle, a hookuu neurotransmitter. Ua hiehie me receptors ma ka sarcolemma o Muscle olona, a me ka wehe i ka paʻakai wahi, e hiki aku ai i kaʻili lahilahi depolarization, e kauoha ana i ka hanaʻia. I ka lawa neurotransmitter stimulates? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ke kalipuna Ion. Ua laila, hoʻohuiʻia e troponin a stimulates kona contraction. Mea, ma ka huli, pulls tropomeazin, hiki e hoʻohui actin a me ka myosin.

A laila, i ke kaʻina kānāwai actin filament ka hāʻuleʻana pili myosin, no ia mea, he mea i ka ho'ēmiʻana o skeletal Muscle. E maopopo i ka kaʻina hana o ka contraction o striated Muscle laulau e kiʻikuhi e hoohalike ai.

I ka rula o ka hana ana o skeletal nāʻiʻo

Ke AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o ka helu nui o ke Muscle puhi ka poʻea pau i mau ka neʻe 'ana o ke kino.

I ka hana o ka skeletal nāʻiʻo hiki i hoʻomaka ai i kēiaʻaoʻao.

• Muscle-synergists hana i loko o kekahi ao ao;
• hoa nāʻiʻo he hoʻonui i ka hoʻokō 'ana aku i ke ku pono ana i ka neʻe' ana no ka anakahi uila.

Antagonistic hana o nāʻiʻo o kekahi o na kumu nui aʻe i loko o ka ha awina o ka musculoskeletal nenoaiu. I ka hoʻokō 'ana i kekahi hana i loko o ka hana kikowaena ole wale ke Muscle olona, a e ia, akā, me ko lakou hakaka. Ka mea, he hoʻonui e counteract ka hele, a haawi concreteness a me ka lokomaikai.

Striated skeletal Muscle ka wā olohelohe ia lakou i ka ami i ka paakiki hana. Kona ano me ka nānā 'ana i ka wahi o ka hui (axis), a me ka hoahanau kulana o na nāʻiʻo.

Kekahi mau oihana o skeletal nāʻiʻo i underreported, a me ka pinepine mai i olelo e pili ana i ia mau mea. No ka laʻana, kekahi o nā kaola i ka une lōhai no ka iwi.

Hana na nāʻiʻo ma ke kelepona hele kiʻekiʻe

I ka hana o ka skeletal nāʻiʻo ma ka lilo o ka elua nā polokina: actin a me ka myosin. e hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i pili i kekahi i kekahi mau eiiiiiaiou.

No ka hoʻokōʻana o ka Muscle'aʻaʻa pono ka ikehu hokii, maluna olaila i ka Nine Inch mea paa o ke aloha i huiʻia. Ke decomposition a me'okesaside o ka waiwai ana i loko o nā nāʻiʻo. Eia, ea ka pono ike, a ua hookuu ikehu mai ka 33% o ka huina lilo ma ka hana nona iho o ka Muscle'aʻaʻa, a ua hoolilo 67% i nā nā'aʻaʻa, a ua i hoomaunauna aku ai i ka malama i ka ikaika kino ana wela.

Maʻi o ka skeletal Muscle

Ma ka hapanui o na hihia, abnormalities ma ka functioning o nāʻiʻo aie i ka pathological ano o ka ua'emi'ōnaehana kuleana.

Ka loa, he pono ole pathology o skeletal Muscle:

• Muscle cramps - electrolyte imbalance i loko o ka extracellular loli a puni Muscle a me nā aʻalolo olona, e like me loli iki ana i ka osmotic puʻe i loko o laila, o ka oi aku kona mea ulu.
• Hypocalcemic tetany - involuntary tetanic contraction o skeletal nāʻiʻo, ike i ka haule ana o ka extracellular Ca2 + lehulehu i hiki i kahi o 40% o ka mahana maʻamau.
• Muscular dystrophy ua wehewehe aku e holumua ai degeneration o skeletal Muscle olona, o ka myocardium, like hoʻi me muscular kīnā o ke kino a e alakai ai i ka make ma muli o ke naehana hanu a cardiac ole.
• Myasthenia - maʻi autoimmune maʻi ma i ke kino paka nā mea'aʻaʻa i ka nicotine i ACh-mea loaʻa.

Hoʻomaha a me ka hou ana o ka skeletal Muscle

Kupono no kou kino, I Aloha Hawaii a me ka pololei, hoʻokō, e kōkuaʻoe e ka mea nona ka nani, a ola skeletal nāʻiʻo. Pono komo i loko o ke kaupaona aʻo , a kūkulu Muscle nuipa a. Lawa ka regular cardio a me ka Yoga.

Mai poina i ka muli o ae o ka nui nā wikamina a me nā minelala hao, e like me ka pololei, kipa i aaiy a me ka mahu nā bato me brooms, i ae i oxygen e hoʻowaiwai Muscle'aʻaʻa a me ka ipu koko.

Kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana ko iala massages e hoonui kohoʻia a me reproducibility o Muscle laulau. He hoi he maikaʻi hopena ma luna o ka 'ole a me ka hana ana o skeletal Muscle, e haawi makaikai cryo.