Ua mea oluolu e pane i ka nīnau: He aha ka fascism?

Ma hope o ka Apana World Ua make ia, i ka hua'ōlelo e like "fascism" Ua lilo maopopo io waiwai, a me ka manawa i kēia makahiki i ka hailona o ka hainā, no laila, kahea i kona pili aupuni mau hoa, a e kau ana ma luna o lākou lepili. Ma ka kekahi lima, e like me ka vague ka wehewehena o keia kŰia weliweli oiaio e leie aku ka hou o ka akau-eheu aoao, a, nae, no laila mai i kapa ia lakou iho, eia nae ko lakou ao ana, ua kokoke loa i ka fascism a no kekahi kumu o keia ideology. Akā, ia mea maʻalahi e hoakaka akaka ka mea fascism, a hoailona i ka palena o ka makahiki?

Classic fascism, i ua, i loko o ka puali mōʻaukala ano o ka olelo, ma ka 1922, lilo Hoʻohaku ma Italy ma hope o ka "hele ana ma Rome" kaulana Blackshirts Benito Mussolini. Ka inoa "fascism" i Italian aʻa, loko mai o ka hua'ōlelo "Fascio» (fascio), 'o ia hoʻi, hui, uniona kālepa. A 'ano'ē pili aupuni hui alai ae e Mussolini, i kapaʻia ka Union o ka paio (Fascio di Aloha combattimento). Fascio, ma ka huli, ua pili i ka Roma fascis (ahui, ahui) - ka ai-kapaia honorary kaua lictors, na koa kiai o ka Roma Repubalika. Ma ke ala, i ka fascia mea nō e noho i loko o ka symbolism o ka moku'āina mana i loko o kekahi mau aina (e like, ma ka höʻailona o ka Lūkini Pekelala Bailiff Service). Akā, hōʻailona - he hōʻailona, a me ka ua e manaoia ia e ka hōʻailona o ka neʻeʻana o Kelemānia Nazi swastika. Akā, i ka mea a ka ideology o fascism, a me ka mea mau i ka papa kuhikuhiE hiʻona o keia ideology?

Blackshirts neʻe hiki maopopo leʻa ke kapa authoritarian, nationalistic, a me ka hoʻohana 'ana i lōʻihi ikaika like me ka maʻamau ano o ka paio kālai'āina. Akā, no ka laʻana, i ole e ku Anati-Semitism a me racism ma Italian fascism i ka mua o ko lākou ideology, e like me ka mea i ai me ke Kelemānia Nazis. Eia naʻe, mai ka Italia fascists i ka ikeʻoi loa-pono kuhikuhi, o ka aoao hema manaʻo ka mea pono, e denounce keia ideology kālai'āina, i kekahi manawa overreaction, a kahea me kona mau hoa, a me na nā kānaka hoʻokūkū, mai ka hema e hoʻomoana ai, no ka laʻana, kekahi Communists kapa pōʻai democrats "pōʻai fascists." Panina "haʻalele" ka wehewehena o ka mea Fascism, ma ka VII Ahaolelo Lahui o ka Comintern haawi Georgi Dimitrov: '... he poʻe hoʻoweliweli dictatorship o ka reactionary kulanui o ka waiwai kapikala ... I kuwaho, fascism - ia mea chauvinism i loko o ka loa hawawa koʻu ano e mahi i ka uterine inaina i nā lāhui kanaka ".

Naʻe, i kēia ho'ākāka 'ana' aʻole i maopopo hoʻohanohano kāna moʻolelo o ka ideology o ka neʻeʻana, a ua ālai 'iā mākou, mai pono i emi iho ka fascism. Hoikehonua, 'epekema Ua ho'āʻo e hoʻopiha i kēia nahā i, a i ka papa inoa o nā hiʻona, i ke alo o ka i loko o ka polokalamu a me ideology o ka aoao ke hoike nei kapa ia fascist. Kēia rabid Anati-communism,'ano'ē nationalism a hiki extremism, militarism, traditionalism, leaderism, statism, ka maliuia'ku o ka "titular lāhui kanaka" a hamama ka hoʻokae 'nā lāhuiʻuʻuku, e na oihana mua o ka populism a me ka hai ana i ka maluhia o ka lehulehu (naʻe, i kēia hewa nui aoao). Akā, i ke kumu nui hiʻona o ka i hele mai i ka Nazi aoao ma ka mana i ka totalitarianism ia mea i ka huina mana o ka moku'āina, komo i loko o nā spheres o ke kanaka ola.

Naʻe, i keia wehewehena o ka fascismʻo ia ka mea e hiki ai, e hea aku ia i ka hua'ōlelo nui nationalist poe, a? Eiia (no ka mea hoike, i ka Taliban? Eia i loko o Afghanistan) a hiki IeEeAUUXAAaO ka Arena i kau e like me Iudaio fascism, ana ia ia ma ke akea discriminatory kuwaho o ka moku'āina o ka Iseraela.

Maopopo (hoakaka) ka fascism mea, e kokua i ka noiʻi i na nā kaua kipi e pili ana i ka ia me ka Italian paninaʻano o ka neʻeʻana mai me a Mussilini hana pū 'ana paha i kau i ka Blackshirts ana me ka kumu o ko lakou mau paio. Ma Kelemania, ka mea, ua National Socialism (a me Nazism), Spain - falangizm a me Francoism, Portugal - Ka hou aupuni ma Hungary - "pua kea", ma Romania - ka "Iron koa," i loko o Brazil - integralism (eia nae kona ideology uaʻaʻohe racism), Bulgarian,'Aukekulia, Aaeuaeeneei a me Kepani wale nō o ka fascism.