US-Mekiko War, 1846-1848 makahiki. Ke outbreak o hostilities, ka luna, me ka hoopaapaa aku nā panalāʻau e

Ke US kaua a me Mexico no ka mea, o ka mea controversial Texas i alakai ai i ka mea e e pili ana i ole wale Texas Americans, akā, i kona holoʻokoʻa kēia Komohana Hema. Ua lawe mai ma luna o kekahi mau fronts ke kai eʻe a me ka hoomanao ano kūkaʻi 'kīpoʻohiwi e.

I ka hihia ma luna o Texas

Ma ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia, ke New World i ua hoano e kekahi o ka mea nui no ka aina o kaua. hoomaka ae la ke koko ma muli o ia i ka clash o pono o ka USA a me Mexico. hiki ole'āina puunaue Texas. I ka 1836, i kēia māhele 'āina wawahi aku mai Mexico, a ua hai kona kuokoa (i' ike i ke kuokoa o Mexico, a noonoo newfound Repubalika kipi ?? eoi? Ee, a hulina i pio separatists).

Texas, ia manawa, hoomaka ae la e hookupaa i ka hui 'ana me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. Mekiko-American War wawahi mai no o Hawaii ka makemake e hui i ka repubalika ia iho. Kēia kulekele ua hooia democrats. I ka makahiki 1844, US Peresidena lilo lākou moho Dzheyms Polk. Ma ka hui 'Amelika i ka hoʻohui'āina o Texas-manawa ia i loko o nāʻaoʻao. Ma ka kekahi lima, ka mea makemake i ka noho o ka mahiʻai kūkulu hema, a ma ka kekahi - keia ua kue'ākau hanalima Hawaii, e noho ana i loko o confrontation me ka hema kauwa ona.

ka inevitability o ke kaua

Ma naʻe o nāʻokoʻa a pau ka hoopaapaa panalāʻau e noho nō lilo kekahi hapa o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. Ua hiki i ka 1845 wā Texas i ka 28th moku'āina o ka mooolelo. Mexico nō E hoomanao i ka hapa Repubalika o kona mokuna, a nolaila kona aupuni ikaika hoahewa Washington ka olelo hooholo. Pili aloha ma waena o nā aupuni elua i deteriorated ia. Ke kahua ua kokoke loa i ka pilikia.

Ma ke kaua ho'āʻo e intervene Farani a me Beritania. Ke Europa mana mau ike i ke kuokoa Repubalika o Texas, a mahalo i kona ka piʻiʻana i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia me ke kākoʻo pāʻoihana i ka mō'ī moku'āina. Alakaʻiʻia e kēia mau iho me ka noʻonoʻo, ma Palika, a Lādana i kapaia o Mexico 'aʻole e hai aku i ke kaua ma luna o ka' Amelika. Eia naʻe, kā lākou mau hana, he fruitless.

Ke ole o ka diplomacy

Ke kumu o ka US-Mexico palena ua lilo no ke kaua. No ka mea, o ka mea controversial Texas kūlana o ka aina hiki ole ae i ka mea nona i ?? eoi? Ee. Mexico E hoomanao i lulumi mai Nueces River, a me ka US - ka Rio Hekikai. Ka hoopaapaa koe unresolved ka wā i ke kupulau o 1845, 'Amelika poʻe hao wale komo Texas. Ma ka moana i mākaukau i ka hope 'ike loea hou o ka squadron.

Ke US aupuni e hoomakaukau ana no ka mai ana mai kai eʻe ma ke ano o ka hoʻokāʻoi 'mahuka. Society unsuspecting o ka pōʻino e hiki mai ka hookahe koko ana. No? Ueo i mālama 'i mea kamaʻilio e kūʻai' Amelika Mekiko aina. States Ua manaoia kekahi mau dala ia makahiki, no ka mokuna komohana o Texas. Ka mea, ua California ($ 25 miliona) a me New Mexico (5 miliona). Ma keia hihia, ka hoopaapaa'āina ma waena o ka Rio Hekikai, a me ka Nueces Free 'oni iki i Texas. Ua hooleia ka manaʻoi hāpai 'ia.

Ke pili aupuni kulana home 'ole i loko o Mexico

Ma ka Ewa o ke kaua, Mexico komo aku la i ka manawa o ka pili aupuni instability. I ka 1846, i ke aupuni o ka pelekikenaʻEhā kā hoʻololi eono manawa - i ke Kuhina o Pale Kaua, umikumamaono - Kuhina Waiwai. Leapfrog i wahi ma lalo o na kumu o ka ulu ana Anati-American olelo la. Ka lehulehu Ua ua i'āina patriotic. No ke kanaka i piʻi wale i ka mana a me ka kū no ka maluhia hooponopono ana i ke kue i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, lilo koke i hookuke aku ai.

A lohe o Mexico ka aupuni i hana, la i komo ai o nationalists, hele aku la lakou ma i hou aggravation o launa me ka'ākau hoalauna. Newʻikepili ma ke akea hai aku la i ko lakou mau kuleana i Texas. Mekiko-American War ua mea a pau e kokoke ana a me ka inevitable. I ka hoʻomaka o ka 1846 ma Wakinekona loaa ka memo ana i hoole ai ka ia nei hoa paio e hālāwai me ka mea e hiki mai ana kūikawāʻelele.

Arista Mariano

March 8, 1846 ka US Army kela aoao o ka Rubicon , a komo aku la i ka mokuna o Mexico. Ua lawe ia ka olelo hooholo, e hoʻomaka i ke kaua i loko o Washington inehinei. Ma na kapa o ka Rio Hekikai ka poe koa, i lilo ai kūkuluʻia o nā puʻu a me nā iuo aaoa? Ieoaeunoai. Eia naʻe ma muli o blockadeʻenemi awa.

A piha-fledged koa kaua ma waena o ka US a me Mexico hoomaka ma April 23, ka wā Mexico hai US kaua. Luna ma ka mua, i wae Arista Mariano. Kona koa 'oihana Kūkulu iholaʻo ia hoʻi i loko o ka Sepania kaua. Mexico a hemo makaukau paio no ka kuokoa i hope, i ka luna hui na revolutionaries. Mariano ua he kākoʻo iā ia, no ka lokomaikai hoi o manaʻo. I ka wā o ka War Mekiko-American pau, hoomaka iho la ia e kūkulu i ka 'oihana politician, a ma 1851-1853 makahiki. He mālama lākou me Peresidena o Mexico.

Major General Taylor

Mexico ia i ka 'Amelika kukala o ke kaua ma luna o 13 May. Amelika i luna o Zakari Teylor. He Ua hanau ia ma Virginia, a ua ua ai wale i loko o ka Anglo-American kaua. Eia hou, oia kana a he wahi lihi iki o ke kaua i loko o ka wao nahele Indian. Ma ka wahi muaʻo ia i ka noho ma ke kūkulu'ākau-hikina Mexico, a ma ka hihia ina ka enemi hoole e haawi, e olelo hooweliweli aku Mexico.

Mahalo i ka lanakila maluna iho o ka hema hoalauna Zachary Taylor i ike e ole e paa ana i ka oihana lehulehu, i ke ala i ka nui kālai'āina weheia. I ka makahiki 1848ʻo ia i koho i ka 12th 'Amelika pelekikena. Eia naʻe, ma ka manawa o kona ola kino i mua ke olonā wāwae e maʻi lehulehu ke komo pū i ke koa i kona paipai aʻo kai eʻe. Taylor make i ka makahiki ma hope o ka lalau oihana. E like me ka hopena, i kona mau papa e piʻi like ia,ʻaʻole e noho ana i loko o ke koho pelekikena oihana, a me ka lanakila maluna iho o ka Mexicans.

I ka hoi ana mai o Santa Anna

Mahope o haʻalele o ka US-Mexico palena ma hope, i ka poe kaua Amelika hoopio i ke kulanakauhale o Matamoros, ma hope o shelling ia mai ka mea kaua. Nā attackers i ka oaoieei-, qualitative a laupaʻi pomaikai, e like me ka hopena o ko lākou mau lanakila, he Logical, a kūlohelohe. Ma hope o Matamoros hookuu mai ai ia mau kulanakauhale Seralvo, Camargo a me Reynosa.

Ke outbreak o hostilities alakaʻi i kekahi loli o ka mana i loko o Mexico. State ana i ka Liberal (KS). Ka mea, malaila kekahi mau nā mea hoʻololi, a hoi mai, mai ke pioʻana mai o General Antonio Lopez de Ka Santa Anna. I Peresidena, oia alakai hou naʻe me ka Americans.

Sturm Monterrey

Ia manawa, September 20, 1846 Taylor ka poe koa hoopilikiaia i ke kulanakauhale o Monterrey. Nā paia o kekahi mau lā i ole pane i ka mea kaua. Besiegers loaa he lanakila wale nō ma hope o poe o ka Texas Rangers i kekahi mau puʻu a hiki i ke komohana o Monterrey. Pono kulana ua ae ka Americans, e lawe i ka kīmopō mai nāʻaoʻaoʻelua, a ua he pomaikai.

Ma ka lima o ka lā kaʻawale Mexicans kahe mai o ka ammunition, a me ka mea, capitulated. He makani ino mai ai pepehi oi ma mua o 500 kanaka i waihoia - 300 Taylor koa i paupauaho. Kaumaha pōʻino Hoʻokē akula ka luna e e Mekiko hoakaka koa, oiai ka malama ana i ko lakou mau mea kaua, a me nā hae. Sturm nui loaʻa Monterrey. Ua luku nui o ke kulanakauhale, a me ka wela. Ua piha ka hana keaka hanana i ka moolelo o Mexico, akā, i ka pua ana o Mexicans manaoio i ka hōʻailonaʻano nui o ke kaua a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia.

kai eʻe hoʻomau

Ma hope o ka Monterrey Americans hookuu mai ai ia Coahuila moku'āina poʻo Saltillo. I Nowemapa, ua pio he kī Mekiko awa o Tampico. A pau i kēia manawa, Santa Anna hana mau, e hōʻiliʻili i ka ikaika a me ka hoomakaukau ana i ke kuleana kaua. Taylor ka poe koa e ku kokoke Saltillo kona manaʻo ua. Mea nui ma ka nui Mekiko pūʻali kaua clashed me ka Americans ma 22-23 February 1847 ma ke kaua o Buena Vista. People o Santa Anna i e lanakila i ka aoao 300 kilomika o arid waonahele no hoi ia. Koa i ae mai i ka nele i ka ai a me ka wai. Aia he nuipa mahuka ana. Ma ka hoʻomaka o ka morale kaua o ka Mekiko koa haʻalele ia e makemake nui.

Ua lilo i ka wahi i alakai ka hookahe koko i loko o Saltillo ololi mauna hele. Ma ka lā mua o ka Mexicans piliwaiwai enemi kaua, mai ka pūhaka hema, komo aku la i ka hope, a wawahi ae la i ka eheu, i kauoha mai ai e Taylor. Kekahi o na Americans aku la lakou i Saltillo. Ke kaua hou ma 23 February. I ke ahiahi, Santa Anna koke aku la lakou. Kona olelo hooholo, oia wehewehe ana i manao ai i ka nele o ka ammunition i loko o ke kaua. Mexicans ua nalowale make ma kahi o 1,500 kanaka, ka Americans - 700.

ʻOiʻenehana i Mexico

Mexico ka wahi i noho lanakila ia. Ia Texas, California a me nā'āina hoomau i ka hele ana ma lalo o ka mana o ka United States, ka poe i ae aku i kekahi pio ma hope o ka aina, hele mai a hiki i ka hopena kālā. Ke aupuni kauoha i ke koi ana o ka ekalesia waiwai. Kona kuai e kōkua i ka hoʻomau i ka kaua. Eia naʻe, ua ana i i pili no hoi ka papa loaʻokoʻa o Mekiko lehulehu.

Anati-aupuni uprising hoomaka. Santa Anna koke, e haʻalele i ke alo, a hele aku la e hoihoi mea i loko o ke kulanakauhale alii. In Mexico, ia manawa, ua hāʻule i ka aupuni. Santa Anna hui na kipi. Ma hope iho o ka haule ana o ka mua aupuni,ʻo ia loaa dictatorial mana.

Kaua o Veracruz

Oiai ma Mexico City flared kivila confrontation, ka War Mekiko-American hoomau kona papa. Ma ka hope ke kahua o ke kai eʻe, ka US Army, kalapona ma i ke kūkulu'ākau, papani iho la i kona lanakila kūpono ', a hoʻoneʻe i ka pūʻana wahi pale. Ke neʻe aku i ke kapikala o kaʻenemi ma ka steppes a me kalaka nui-nahele no hoi ia, he wahi wai, i ka Americans i ole kekahi. Akā, i ko lākou poʻe kaua hoopio i ke awa o Veracruz. Mai ka mea, ua ka shortest ala hele i Mexico City.

I-Luna Nui o ka hou hana i koho Winfield Scott. Taylor mea i hauʻoli i ka kemokalaka Party, e like me ka nalu o ka hiʻona ua lilo ia he kuleana no ke Keʻena Pelekikena ma hope o ka mea e hiki mai ana ke koho. Ka pae 12000th hoao hoomaka March 9, 1847. I ka hopu ana o Veracruz Ua hele ia e na mea he nui wā e hiki mai meʻe o ka American Kanawai War, a me George Meade, a Robert E. Lee.

hou alo

Veracruz hookuu mai ai ia ma luna o 29 March. Na Americans hiki lakou i waho me ka wale 80 make, akā, he outbreak o yellow kuni i loko o ko lākou poʻe kaua. Kipaku ia e noho ana Winfield Scott wikiwiki. April 17 halawai i kona poe koa me ka Mekiko poʻe hao wale, ka mea hou i kauoha mai ai ma ka Santa Anna. Na Americans hoʻopio i ke kaʻakālai kiekie, hoʻouka kekahi ma luna o ka mea howitzers a pela lanakila i ke kaua.

April 22 Moe iho kulanakauhale Perote, a ma 15 May - Puebla. Hoouka Hāʻule maila lākou i ka guerrilla kaua weheia a puni Veracruz. Kipi pepehi ai liʻiliʻi poe a me convoys komohewa. Mau koa i hao kaa, i koho kapa a me ka ai. Kaawale mai ke alanui, i ua Scott, i ole hōʻike i ka Americans i loko o ke aupuni, ke kaōhiʻana wale nō ka palena, a strategically nui awa.

hope e hoʻopuehu ai

All kauwela 1847 'elele o Mekiko Peresidena ho'āʻo e negotiate me ka US ke aupuni, e hoʻopau i ke kaua. Poe hiki ole hiki aelike ma ka olelo a me ke kaʻina o kūkā ana i ka loa kauo ma. Ia manawa, ku mai la Scott ka poe koa i loko o Puebla, ma ka mea e hōʻiliʻili ikaika ma mua o ka jerk hope loa. Mexico i ua kokoke. August 20, 1847 ma ke kaua kokoke i ka muliwai Churubusco Americans luku aku i ka poe koa Manuelya Rinkona.

Lanakila kekahi lanakila, Scott mau poʻe kaua, he pono i kekahi mau kilomika, mai ke kapikala o Mexico. September 13, Americans makani ino mai ai i ka pā kaua Chapulteke. I kēia lā i kēia wahi ua manaoia e e Mexico City Kauhalenui-oaio? A, eia ka hola 9 miliona poʻe e noho ana. Ma ke kaua no ke kapikala pepehi oi ma mua o 2.700 US koa nā limahana, 383 ka mea, he mau luna.

Ke kūkā 'a me ka maluhia hua'ōlelo

Ma Okatoba 1847, o ka poe koa, a noho Mexico, he hoi au i 43 tausani kanaka. Ke aupuni Ua maʻi lōlō, Santa Anna holo aku la i ka aina. ʻOiai o kāna mau hoʻolālā ia'ku oki ae la, wahi a kaua liʻiliʻi me partisans o ka 'uao.

Ke kūkākūkā 'ana he mau mahina. Ka US lanakila, huli i kona poo me ke Aupuni a me ka lehulehu. 'Amelika koi lilo hou kaumaha a me ka insistent. Kekahi hotheads a hiki i kaumaha aku ai i ka hoohui aku Mexico like me ka a pau. E kū'ē i kēia mau hoʻolaha losingʻaoʻao i ia e alahula mau concessions, a me ka lawe i olelo koi.

Ka maluhia Kuikahi Ua kakauinoa ia ma Pepeluali 2, 1848 ma Guadalupe Hidalgo. I e loaa hou mai no ka $ 15 miliona, Mexico i ka US oi ma mua o ka milionaʻahā like kilomika o kona mokuna. O lakou na aina o ke kālā no California, Texas, Nevada, a Utah. Ua hāʻawi loa o Arizona a me New Mexico. Kukalaia moku'āina palena muliwai Rio Hekikai. Lanakila i ke kaua hoʻomau US? Anoe? I ke komohana. States loaa komo i ka Moana Pākīpika.