Valproicʻakika: aʻo no ka hoʻohana, analogs a me nā hōʻike manaʻo

Valproicʻakika (paʻakai valproate) e pili ana i ka kŘpa a hou pūʻulu o anticonvulsants, pu ole, mai ka poe i hoʻohana muaʻia antiepileptics nā ka Nine Inch 'ole a me ka loina o ka hana.

hōʻikeʻano o ka waiwai

Kēia Nine Inch Ua synthesized i ka 1882, ma ka mea like valericʻakika Dr. W. Barton. Ua ninoieo o 2 pūʻulu o ke oki. No ka nui makahiki, ua hoʻohana 'valproicʻakika wale nō i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua like me ka inert'ūheheʻe o likeʻole ke aloha i huiʻia. Protivosudorzhnye kona waiwai i loaa ma ka fluke.

Valproicʻakika ka wai a me ka aniani moakaka i mehana ea. Pela ka mea, Ua hiki mai o reacting me kekahi kumu e like me paʻakai hydroxide paha makanekiuma valproate, e hana i ka paakai, i mea he paa waiwai. Keia mea, ma ka mea, he 2-propylvalericʻakika a me kona paʻakai paakai. Haʻalele nā antiepileptics, ia ho i ka naikokene-noa hui. Keʻano papa hana o ka hana ana o keiaʻakika a me kona paʻakai, pili me ka maopopo ole ma ka pūnao o gamma-aminobutyricʻakika, mea he inhibitor o ka transferase'ūhū.

Mea haʻilula keimikala i ua haku o valproicʻakika, a ua kuʻu iho convulsive naoh excitatory Hawaii mau mea o ka lolo. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ka waiwai maoli i ka maʻiʻo o ka gamma-aminobutyricʻakika i loko o ka'emi ko kahua hale. Valproicʻakika, i hoike lākiō i o kona anticonvulsant laulā ma ka iapaau ana o kūlana pili a hiki i ka pae o ka momoma nāʻakika.

Ano o ka valproicʻakika, kona analogues

Valproicʻakika, e hōʻike ana i ke aʻo i kona luna 'ole ma luna o kanaka, ua hua mai ma lalo o kekahi mau inoa. Ka maikai-ikeia ai ', a loaʻa i ka waiwai i mea "Depakine," "Konvuleks", "Konvulsofin", "Orfilin", "Deprakin", "epilation", "Everiden", "Enkorat", "Apilepsin", "valparin XP "," Dipromal ". Ka pau laʻau heluna 'ano apau loa ia e ia i loko o ka palapala o kaʻakika a me kona paʻakai paakai, i ike ia e like me ka paʻakai valproate. Ua i hoemiia ke ha awina o keia k. Valproicʻakika, analogues o i i helu 'ia ma luna, lawe hōʻike waha' koke ma hope oʻai. All ai 'i loaʻa ka mea, ua koke ke kemu. I loko o 2 hola kaʻakika akaka ma ka wai koko. He pono komo iloko ma'aʻaʻa nā pale kaʻa. Koena ko läkou 'o ka waiwai a me ka nānā' ia ma ka cerebrospinal loli, a ma na mea he nui 'ē aʻe maloko' ia. Kona ia akulla ma amniotic loli (amniotic loli) i hapai wahine.

rula o ka hana

Pehea e hiki ai hana valproicʻakika? Na Ke Kumu a hiki i keia k, aole ia e haawi i ka kūlike loa pane ana i ka ninau o ka mea i keʻano papa hana o kona pākōlea keiki. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ole i mau loea, i hoopau ai i ke kaupaona i nā kona hopena ma luna o ka loli ma ka paʻakai Kanal waiwai. Ma keia hihia, valproicʻakika ua komo i loko o ka papa inoa o ka laau lapaau i mea nui a me ka mea nui i na kanaka.

Kanawai ma luna o kanaka

'Aʻole wale nō hoʻohana no ka epilepsy valproicʻakika. ma o ka hana o keia ka lapaʻauʻia alakai ia Hōʻike i ka mea i loaa ole wale anticonvulsant hopena. Ua hoonui ae i naʻau i loko a me ka noʻonoʻo 'moku'āina o kekahi kanaka. Poe akamai i olelo e pili ana i ke alo o kaʻakika ke keʻena tranquilizing. Haʻalele nā huahana o keia ano, e ho'ēmi i kā uunu nui, me ka ma o na la mioleraksantnogo ole sedation. O ke kumu ho i kona hana ma postsynapticʻili lahilahi. Pela uhi pū nā aʻalolo impulse EYI keʻano o ka hanaʻana.

No ano uuku o ka epilepsy pinepine kaupalena i lalau valproicʻakika a me kekahi o kona analogs. I nui loa na hihia i ka lāʻau ua hui me nā antiepileptic ai '.

Valproicʻakika epilepsy

Ua makaukau ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o kekahi ano o ka epilepsy. Pela kona? Eaia ua ma muli o ka hoʻokumu kumu kauka. Valproicʻakika, olelo ao no ka hana i Hōʻike kona laulā ma kekahi mau ano o ka maʻi, ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o kekahi hihia i loko o kekahi nā māhele. No hoi, ka mea, ua pinepine i hoakakaia, a me ka mea nui kāʻili 'ana.

E ho ohana ana i ka lāʻau '

Valproicʻakika, ke aʻo ia i ke koho ana i ka lāʻau 'koi kou kauka a me ka ikaika adherence i ka lāʻau' regimens, noi i loko o ia hihia.

• Kāohiʻana o kela complications ma epilepsy;

• convulsive kumu ka hoʻomakaʻana i loko o nā maʻi kekahi o ka CNS;

• alo aku o ke ko mākou hopohopo tic;

• manic-depressive maʻi, mea ole amenable i ka iapaau ana me ka ai 'i loaʻa likiuma;

• convulsive kumu ka hoʻomakaʻana i loko o kamaliʻi.

Valproicʻakika a me nā mea haʻilula keimikala i loaʻa ka mea, pono e wale nō e hoʻomalu aku ma ka hele kauka. Wale nō ma hope o nā mea a pau i ka mea e pono ai ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomanawanui helu hoʻomalu e e hiki ke koho i ka palekana pono a me ka mahele lāʻau o ka lāʻau.

hookuu palapala

Valproicʻakika, i ke kalaʻana aku palapala i mea okoa, e piha okoa Manufacturers like penei:

• na papa, kapa komo iā ia papa, wailana i loko o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi. Ka mea, aia no iloko olaila 150, 200, 300, 500 mg valproicʻakika (paʻakai valproate).

• Capsules 150, 300 mg.

• Medicine (malakeke) i loaʻa ka 50 a 300 ml o ka lāʻau i loko o 1 ml.

Hoʻokaulike me nā ai '

Valproicʻakika hiki ke 'ō i ka hopena o nā anticonvulsants a me protivoelepticheskih mea, neuroleptics, antipsychotics, antidepressants, a me ka waiʻona. I ka wa e loaa keia ka lapaʻauʻia hiki ole inu kanakaʻona mau nā mea inu. Valproicʻakika analogs o ka lāʻau, salicylicʻakika a me anticoagulants i ka inhibitory ia ma luna o ka aggregation ( 'ē aʻe) platelets. I ka injected i loko o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi o ka medicament ua hoʻomaka koke paka i loko o ke koko. Pela ke ano o ka valproicʻakika ma ka hui pu ana me kekahi ka ai i kekahi mau mea ho'ēmi i kā kona laulā.

ʻaoʻao waiwai

Ke medicament kekahi manawa ke kumuʻaoʻao 'ole e like me nausea, ka luaʻi, lilo o ka ikaika loa ka makemake, a me ka oolea o kaʻeha i loko o ka'ōpū, diarrhea. I ka hoʻoponopono 'ana i kēia mau rula pili o Hoamakeikekula paha antispasmodics. Valproicʻakika hiki i kekahi mau kaumaha a me ka luhi, pela ka mea, ua kākaʻikahi hoakaka i ka poʻe hana ma ka māluhiluhi kino a me ka noʻonoʻo 'hana. E loaa ana i ka lāʻau 'kekahi manawa hele aku ai i kāna hana o ka'emi oihana, i hoike mai ai ia lakou iho ma ke ano o ka tremor o ka lala, mahae nā kiʻi a me ka pilikia makapō haunaele, drowsiness, headache, pōniuniu, manaʻo pīhoihoi, apathy, a me depressive moku'āina.

Ma kekahi mau hihia, i kaʻai ana o keia k hiki aku i ka hopena kēia: i ka emi ana a me ka mahuahua ma ke kino paona, i keʻano o allergic reactions,? Aiaiiuie lauoho poho, menstrual paewaewa, loli ma ka hemogram. Pohihihi keia akā mea nuiʻaoʻao hopena o keia loaa ana mea i manaoia e malfunction o ke akepaʻa a me pancreas, hoemi koko clotting. Hepatotoxic ia mea loa paha ka wā e loaa ana keia k ka poʻe me ka clonazepam, phenobarbital.

I ka hoʻohana valproicʻakika pono e hoʻomanaʻo i loko o diabetic e hoomanawanui i ka mea hiki paha ka nānaina i ka hopena o ke Ka Ikepili o ka mimi, mahuahua kona maʻiʻo o ka ketone kino. No ka mea Kāohiʻana o nā complications i lapaau mau hooholo i ka maʻiʻo ma ke koko o ka bilirubin, akepaa nā'ūhū, platelet helu.

Contraindications

Valproicʻakika, a ai 'i kūʻai ma ka eea ole kuhikuhi, he contraindications kaumaha. Mau nā:

• dysfunction o ka pancreas a me ka ake;

• porphyria;

• hemorrhagic diathesis;

• idiosyncrasy;

• ka mua trimester o ka hāpai keiki;

• e ai ana au (i ka lāʻau hele i loko o ka umauma o ka waiu).

I II a III trimester o ka hāpai keiki, keia k ua koi 'ia ma nā māhele liʻiliʻi a me ka nui kumu wale no, no ka mea, nā keʻa ke keiki a me ka mea e loli i ke unborn keiki.

I ka loaa ana valproicʻakika e akahele kanaka hoʻoponopono i ka functioning ake hooponopono koko clotting a me ka platelet aggregation. Iloko o ka Inc, keia k wahine ma nā kiʻieʻeleu, E ke hoʻohana 'e pale aku hāpai keiki, ka loa ike loea iaoia o contraception.

noi o ke ano

Hoomakaukau i loaʻa i kēiaʻakika, e lawe ia no kekahi mau manaʻo. E pono ai nā māhele i wae pākahi. Ke koho ana o ka laʻau heluna regimen e loli ai i ke ahonui o ka ana, ke kaupaona a me ka makahiki. Ma ka hapanui o na hihia, i kakahiaka nui ma ka hana ana i loko o nā mākua a me nā keiki he nui ma mua o 25 kg, lawelawe ma 10-15 mg / kg no ka lā. A laila pule mahele lāʻau o ka lāʻau ua mahuahua ka 5-10 mg / kg, e lawe mai ana ia i kā mākou - 30 mg / kg. Na kela la i keia mahele lāʻau no nā keiki - 20-50 mg / kg. Ma ke hoʻololi i ka iapaau ana me ka valproicʻakika hana maikaʻiʻole a me nā anticonvulsant ai 'ua hoemiia ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kā mākou mahele lāʻau o ka valproicʻakika e ole e oi aku mamua o 50 mg / kg no ka lā.

Aia i kekahi mau ano o ke kalaʻana o ka lāʻau. Intravenous aaieieno? KŰia loaa 400-800 mg paʻakai valproate no ka lā. Ma ka papa o ka Inc mea pono e hooholo i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau i loko o ke koko. E like me ke kālailai, i ke i ka hoʻoponopono 'ana i ka iapaau ana regimen.

Hōʻike o ke ano:

• Children elemakule 3: Ma ka hebedoma mua o ka inu 150 mg o 1 p. i ka lā, i loko o ka lua - 150 mg o 2 p. no ka lā, a me ke kolu - ma 150 mg o ka 3 p. no ka lā.

• Children 3 - 10 makahiki: ma ka hebedoma mua o ka lawe 450 mg, i loko o ka lua - 600 mg, a ma ke kolu - 900 mg no ka lā. E like me kekahi loaa kaapuni 300, 450, 600, 900 mg no ka lā, niioaaonoaaiii, i ka 1, 2, 3 a me 4 pule.

• Ma hope o 10 makahiki: ma ka hebedoma mua o ka inu 600 mg, i loko o ka lua - 900, ma ke kolu o ka - 1200 mg no ka lā. E like me kekahi loaa kaapuni 300, 600, 900, 1200 mg no ka lā, niioaaonoaaiii, i ka 1, 2, 3 a me 4 pule.

No nā mea maʻi mua ia me nā anticonvulsants, ʻakika valproic lawelawe ma ka liʻiliʻi nā māhele. I ka Ia manawa ua hoemiia ka helu ana o kekahi 'ano. Ke malama mahele lāʻau no nā mākua - 900-1200 mg. Valproicʻakika, papa a me capsules i ua kuhikuhi wale nō ma hope o 10 makahiki, ia i loko o nā māhele 2-4. No na keiki loa pinepine hoakaka lapaau a me ka malakeke i keia k.

"Depakinum" (valproicʻakika)

Ma kuai ua nui na ano ai 'me kaʻakika, akā, kekahi o ka loa hanohano o ka "Depakine." Ma keʻena kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau, loaʻa nō kekahi mau 'ano o ka lapaʻauʻia: "Chrono", "300 Enterik", "Hrononosfera granules" a me na mea e ae. ka mea, e pau iki okoaʻeleu 'Oponopono maʻiʻo a me ka palapala. "Depakine" hoakaka ia me he anticonvulsant a me ka naʻau i loko-stabilizing lāʻau. Ua ua pono ka i loko o ka iapaau ana o ka epilepsy, bipolar kāna hana, generalized tonic-clonic kāʻili 'ana, myoclonus, kaumaha, migraine headaches. Ua Ua hoi hoʻohana no ka iapaau ana o neuropathic eha. Nei, i ka lāʻau 'hoʻokolokolo like me ka lāʻau ma luna o kekahi mauʻano o ka maʻi' aʻai, a HIV maʻiʻaʻai.

Valproicʻakika nei

Iwaena o valproicʻakika ai ' "Depakine" a me kona analogues i loko o kiʻekiʻe koi. Keia mea aie a hiki i ka nui, e hoike ana ia mea i ke hooloihi ae i hopena. I ka hana o keia la hoomalolo hiki aku i ka ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka alapine (frequency) o ka hanana o convulsive ke kāʻili 'ana. ia no hoi ho'ēmi i kā lākou oolea, a kōkua ai i nā ka pele. "Depakine" ho'ēmi i kā ka pilikia o ka ulu complications hou hoʻoponopono.

Keʻano o ka hanaʻana metabolization valproicʻakika lawe ake keena. I ka loaa ana o ka waiwai maʻamau hapa-ola i ka hola 6-8 hola. Hoikehonua, ai 'ke malama i ka pākōlea lehulehu o kaʻeleu waiwai i loko o ke kino a hiki i 16 hola. I ka uku o ka excretion o valproicʻakika hilinaʻi nui pili kēia ma luna o ke kuleana pili i akepaʻa. Valproicʻakika, a hōʻike manaʻo e pili ana i ka oi maikaʻi ia ma luna o kēlā me kēia hoomanawanui ma kona iho. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i na kino mea kū hoʻokahi a me ka hiki ke lawe i kēia mea me kekahi mau deviations, mai ke kūmau.