Vasily Katchalov - alakai Mea Keaka o ka Moscow Art Kino

Mea Keaka Vasily Kachalov ike i loko o ka hale kiaka honua e like me Leonardo ka Vinci ma ke akamai honua. He hookomo na mea a pau o ia i kēia lā mākou i kapa aku ai i ka loea Soviet artist. Ke Kii puke, oia aole aʻo hope, ae nanea ana i ka nani loa Waimanalo kaʻume.

headwaters

11.02.1875, ma Vilna (kēia Vilnius) i loko o ka ohana o ke kahuna Ioanna Shverubovicha,'Abota o ka Orthodox Ekalesia, i ke kolu o ke keiki i hanau. Ka mea, ua Vasiliy Kachalov. Kawaihae Mea Keaka i ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka au mamuli V. Ya. Vilenkinym, nana i olelo mai e pili ana i ke keiki i ka wā e hiki mai,''he artist. Makua hele mai, mai ka Hawaiian gentry, kona makuwahine ua Polish a me Lituania aa. Ka 'ohana e paa ana ia i ka kalakala kula hoʻonaʻauao, he keiki o Basil hahau no ka hewa. Ma waho aʻeo ia mau kaikuaana, i ka unuhi makahiki a ua 10-15 makahiki ma hope, i hanau kaikamahine elua: Sonya a me Sasha. Ka mea, i ka wahine kāne make i ka wanaʻao, a ua i ka hope 26 makahiki ma lalo o ka tutelage o V. Kachalov, a noho pu.

Ke keiki i loaa i ka hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi i loko o ka 1st Grammar Kula, i ka poʻe i puka 'o ia F. E. Dzerzhinsky. 'Ole ma o kona makua kāne i lawe mai i ka hana me ka nui a me ka artistry pathos i loko o kona leo, ua piʻi loa i ka Aha Kuhina, a hoʻoili i loko o declamation. Great manaʻo ma luna ona, i ka hana ana o "ka daimonio" vilnenskogo keaka, a hoʻoholo ihola i kona 'ino. At grammar kula dormitory loa,ʻo ia, i ke ono paha o ka haumāna papa,ʻo ia i kona Debut i loko o ke kūlana o ke Kahukula Nui, koke lilo i kūloko celebrity. A laila, aia i ke kūlana a me Nozdryov Podkolosina, maoli manao no ka mea kūloko hale kiaka. Naʻe, i ke kanaka opiopio i hele i ka hana i loko o St. Petersburg University ma nā kapuwaʻi o kona kaikuaana Anastas, hōʻike mea ia 'o ia hoʻi, e hoʻonaʻauaoʻia e. Vasiliy Ivanovich Kachalov e waiho ana i ka makua ka hale i loko o 1894-m.

Omaka hana 'oihana

Kākau inoa 'oe i loko o kānāwai kula, i ke kanaka opiopio koke i kekahi i komo i loko o ka hana keaka pae a me ka laua ka hāhai a pau kona manawa ma Alexandria Kino. Ma ka hoike ana o ka Mea Keaka M. I. Pisareva ua ho'āʻo like Valero Moliere "Ka Miser" i loko o ka hale kiaka liʻiliʻi (kuhikuhi ia e E. Karpov), aole hoi i loaa i ka pomaikai ana o ke kahua, a me ka hoʻomaopopo pono o ka loaʻa tālena. Au i aoia Dramatics Vasiliy Kachalov (Hawaii photo ma ka manawa'ōpio wale nō ua hōʻike i ka 'atikala) he nui Mea Keaka V. N. Davydova, nana i alakai i ka manawa o ka haumāna keaka palau. ua kona pomaikai mua i ke kūlana Neschastlivtseva (AI Ostrovsky "Forest"), i ka 1895 a hooku iho la ia i ka lehulehu. Uwa VN Davydov i hele pu me ka opiopio tālena.

I 21, i ke kanaka'ōpiopio ua ua lilo i ka 'oihana Mea Keaka Suvorinsky hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni me ka uku o 50 rubles. I ka hana ana i kekahi aelike A. S. Suvorin waiho e hoʻololi i ka inoa Vasily Ivanovich Shverubovich hou harmonious. No laila, i ka Mea Keaka ikea ka inoa kapakapa ana i kona ua ia mea ma ka honua. A kanaka opiopio ana hui i kona 'oihana hana me ka hoʻonaʻauao' ana, eia naeʻike hoʻokumu a me bohemian ola ia pau pio. Akā, i ke kūlana me Suvorin (oia pâʻani 'ia 35) ua wale Comedy a me vaudeville ano, no laila, ma luna o ka'ōlelo aʻo a V. N. Davydova Mea Keaka hele ana i ka'āina, e waiho ana i ke kulanui ma hope o eha makahiki o ka mahele.

moku'āina iloko o

Once ka loea entrepreneur M. M. Borodayu, 2 makahiki a me 6 mahina o Vasily Katchalov pâʻani 'o ia i loko o nā kūlanakauhale, e olelo ana ma Saratov a me Kazan. He Ua i pulakaumaka no me ka hana, e pāʻani ana i keia manawa ma kahi o 250 mau manamana. I ka 23 makahiki,ʻo ia i hana i kiʻi o Cassius ma Shakespeare ka "Yulii Tsezare," loaa lōkahi acclaim. Mea Nānā ku helehelena o ka Mea Keaka. Ka mea kiekie loa ka ulu ana (185 knm),ʻo ia i kona mau lā a me ka lahilahi lenalena, akā, pono E ke Kumu i ke kino. Mea Keaka 'Imi' ole i loko o na lima me ka incredibly lōʻihi ma luna o ke ano o kona mau lima. Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE waiwai ua i kona leo maikai. Sonorous baritone literally hoopilihua ai oia ia e noho ana i loko o ke keʻena.

he maikaʻi loa Shakhovsky kūlana ma "ke alii o Fyodor" a e pili ana i loko o ke kapikala o ke Moscow Art Kino (1898) Ma hope iho, hoomaka ae la oia e moe ana i ka nui ke kahua. Ma Kazan, oia halawai i kona wā e hiki mai ka wahine, mea hana keaka Nina Litovtseva (Levestam), ka mea i kekahi haumāna no Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. Ua Mahope hoʻoholo i ka haalele ana i Moscow.

Ke muli o ka Art Kino

Ma kona hiki 'i loko o Feberuari 1900 ma ka Moscow Art Theatre Kachalov i, e like me ka mea Stanislavski. Ua Ua koho like ka loa kahi ka mea, he e hōʻike alternately i loko o nā kiʻi: Boris Godunov a Ivana Groznogo. A hehi ihola au huli mai i loko o ka mokuna i pâʻani 'o ia i ke kūlana io - i ka hōʻike i hopelessly make. Vasily Katchalov i i haawi mai, a hoomau iho la oia i ka hele i ke keaka i kela lā, nānā i ka hula o na nā mea hana keaka poʻokela o ka manawa. Ma ka holo ana ka hoomakaukau ana i "Snow kaikamahine", akā,ʻaʻohe kekahi ku kūlana Berendey. Stanislavski manao, e haawi aku i ka novice Mea Keaka i kekahi manawa , a ua ole kuhihewa.

Ma hope o ke keaka ma ia Apo aku la ia Kachalov, i hana ai i ka 'oihana nui ma luna iho, a hoopahele ae la i olelo o ka noʻeau hale kiaka man- akia. Lanakila Debut ma September 1900, ahuwale he ao alohilohi i wā e hiki mai ana ma ke alo o ka Mea Keaka. I waena o kona mau mua poʻokela hana:

• Baron kūlana ma o ka hula "Ka Lower hohonu", a Gorky mai la oia me ka mahalo.
• Kaisara i loko o ka eponymous hula e William Shakespeare.
• Mau manamana i loko o nā hana keaka o A. P. Chehova "Ka kamako iki kīhāpai" (Trofimov) a me "Three Sisters" (TUZENBACH).

'oihana piko

Keia pomaikai i hele mai i Vasily Ivanovich i ka 1905, a hiki i ke kipi Moscow e e no laila, i loko o ke aloha me ia, i ke kaikamahine, e aa aku i kekahi lihi iki o ke dala kuai i na mea mai kona mau kapa, a imi no na kânaka. Haku mele S. Solovyov e kapa aku ia ia "ke alii o girlish ideals", a me ka hoolohe, e ike i kona mau manamana ole a koe. I kēlā me kēia kau akulaʻo ia i kona hoomaopopo ana o na kanaka o ka meʻe, a kaumaha aku i ka unexpected, akā, ma ka hoohalike ana hoi e loaa ana. No laila,ʻo ia pena i ka loa okoa kiʻi o ka Denemaka luna, hana hoʻokahuli i o ka pedestal ma luna o ka mea āna i kaumaha aku i loko o kekahi palapala makahiki. Ua hōʻike i ka pōʻino o ke kauhale ma ka mea naʻau e kue: ka naauao o na mea hemahema o ke ola a me ka helplessness e hoʻololi i kekahi mea i loko o ka mea (1911).

Glumova e pāʻani A. I. Ostrovskogo mau hoʻokani i ka manaʻoʻino, a me ka careerist. Vasily Katchalov, e kaumaha aku i ka hou ano o ke kiʻi, kahi āna e hōʻike loea a me ka ironic, no ka mea a pau o ke ola - ka laua. A ma keia hihiu,ʻo ia manao ia e ka uwa maila (1910). O ka hana Ivana Karamazova (F. M. Dostoevsky) - kekahi o ka toughest ma luna o ke kahua. lā hoʻokahi hookani ia, ka Mea Keaka, e hoʻohana i ke kikowaena monologue ma ka 'aha mele, ma ka hōʻike ma Karamazov naauao o ko ke ao nei (1910). He hope ua ae ia ka mea, aloha Karamazov ma ke kipi 'ana i ke Akua, a me ka manaoio ma ka mana o ke kumu. Ua kuni i aku la ia ia i ka luku ana o ka meʻe, ka mea āna i hoapono mai i ka mea kupaianaha makewai no ke ola.

kaapuni kana

Ma ke kipi i loko o V. I. Kachalova heluia, ua ambivalent. Ma ka kekahi lima, ka mea, ua kama'āina me ka hoʻokahuli aupuni Nikolai Bauman a noonoo halawai me ia i kekahi o ka mea nui i loko o ke ola, ma ka 'ē aʻe - kana keiki Vadim kaua i loko o ka White Army. Mai ka 1919 alakai aku la oia i kauwahi o ke troupe hele aku la ma ka huakaʻi ma ka hema o ka aina. Ke kaua, hoʻoikaika ihola nā nā mea hana keaka, e haʻalele i ko lākou'āina, a me kā lākou huakaʻi hoʻomau ma Europe, Sofia, Palaka, Pelelina, Zagreb, Paris. West mahalo i ke tālena o ka Lūkini, a me Kachalov Vasiliy Ivanovich hoʻokani hou 'aha mele, a no ka manawa mua haiia ae la maluna "Scythians" Blok. Man 'Amelika ka hoʻonaʻauao, ka mea heluhelu Homer ma Helene a me Horace - ma Roma.

Kau ma luna o ka wahi hoomaha, ka troupe ua hoouna mai ai i ka hou hele, e hali ana mai ka US huakaʻi, a hoomaka ana holoholo mākou i me ka hula "Tsar Fyodor". Ma ka manawa hoʻoneʻe i kaʻohana a hiki i ke kauhale o Kelemānia, a me K. S. Stanislavsky ua makau iho la ia i ole hoʻi he nui nā mea hana keaka e mai o ka huakaʻi. Hoouna ae la oia i kekahi palapala maila ka leo kono i ke troupe hōʻiliʻili i loko o ka hale kiaka. Ma 'Aukake 1924 i ka mua V.Kachalov hoi i Moscow.

Personal ola

I Vasily Kachalov i hele ma ka gentry a me ka laulā, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, ke aloha a me ka unwillingness e leʻa hoʻi kanaka. He aloha eʻauʻau kai, ano, e hele loa, a me ka ahaaina me ka lealea i hoʻonohonoho ai i ia ma ka hale. Kona keʻena i ike i ka nui helu o ka maikaʻi-ikeia personalities, i waena o ka mea ua Sergei Yesenin. He i mau hoaaloha me ka Doberman nāna, o Jim, kakau iho la oia i ka nani poem "Ka ilio okoa o Kachalov".

Mai 1900 a hiki i kona make ana Vasily Katchalov i mare ia Nina Nikolayevna, ka mea i koe oopa ia ma hope o ka maʻi, a hiki i ikeia ma luna o ke kahua. He kokua ia e hana i kauoha ia. Ma kona 50th lā hoʻomanaʻo o Rotehama au pâʻani 'o ia i loko o ka hula e pili ana i ka Decembrists, o ke kahua i kana wahine. He ua uku me ka nui helu o novels, me lōʻihi-manawa pilina me ka mea hana keaka, ka wahine o ka nui kanaka. Akā,ʻo ia i haʻalele i ka ohana, e aloha iā ia wale nō keiki Vadim.

He generously haawi mai oe ia oe iho i kanaka endlessly Hoomana weliweli. Ma waho aʻeo ia hana, hana ka Kiure Soprano, e waiho ma hope o ka nui helu o nā moʻolelo i loaʻa i keia la. I ka 1928, oia māka hōkūʻia i loko o ka mumule Auana "The White aeto" (kuhikuhi ia e J. Protazanov). Iloko o ka filming o "Road to Life" (1931) i waihoia mai ai la i kana heluhelu poem e pili ana i noho na keiki, e pili ana i ka naʻau i loko o ke kiʻi. Ka moku'āina Ua oaeuiinoe kona pono i ke ano o ko People ka Artist o ka USSR (1936).

Ka hope makahiki o kona ola

Ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II, i paʻa i loko o ka ke piʻoloke, a hiki i ke kahua o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Art Mea Keaka hou e hele mai. Kona hope nui kūlana ua Bardin ma o ka hula ma Maxim Gorky "poe enemi." He moe maʻi me ka mimikō, akā, hoomau iho la oia e komo i loko o ka auditions a me ka Concert nā polokalamu. 9/30/1948 ma hope o 50 makahiki o ka malama Melpomene hala aku Vasily Katchalov. Pōkole Kawaihae Aʻole e ae i ke kanaka, e hoolilo aku i ka pālākiō o ka Mea Keaka nui, a me ka malama ia oe ke olelo e pili ana i ka hopena o ka holoʻokoʻa au hou i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni.