Wrangel Island Nature Reserve, i ka wahi ma luna o ka palapala o Rusia, aniau, wahi. ? Aaoa a me flora o Wrangel Island

I kēia lā, e loaʻa mākou i ka'āina Wrangel. Kēia mokupuni o loa hana hoihoi. Ua unsuccessfully imi Lūkini hele, a wehe i ka Briton, a me ka Kelemānia. A laila, i ka mehameha mokupuni i ka "kii onohi o ka discord" ma waena o ka Soviet Union, a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. Ka aina ua hoʻopuniʻia e kaao. Aia mea i ka manao i kekahi o nā panalāʻau sinister Gulag i ke aupuni '' aneʻi. Akā, e like me ka repressive hoomoanaʻi aina ka mea, ua make i kānaka. Aia mea,ʻaʻole kekahi Polar i make. I kēia manawa o ka mokupuni mau e, heʻe piʻoloke iholaʻepekema me ka hou sensational discoveries. E like me ka mokupuni i hana, i mea he kokua, aniau, flora a? Aaoa - ike i keia 'atikala.

Wrangel Island ma ka palapala 'āina

He He 'ano nui wahi o ka aina. Kona wahi mea e pili ana i ehiku a me ka hapalua tausaniʻahā like kilomika, a ua uhiia ka hapanui o ka mea ma ka mauna. Ka mokupuni o Nyos i loko o ka Arctic Ocean. ʻO loko o ka poe noonoo ole Geographic wahi o ka aina Wrangel ua moe kona kū hoʻokahi. He He watershed ma waena o na moanawai elua nui o ka wai o ka moana, ka palena maoli ma waena o ka Chukchi a East Siberian moana. A ma Wrangel Island hala ae ka huina ma waena o ka hikina mai, a Western hemispheres o ko mākou Honua. Hoʻokahi haneri a me kanawalu ma Melekiana, ka ai-kapaia "Ka lā Line" i hookaawale ai i ka wahi o ka aina, aneane like māhele. Ma ka akau kapakai o Chukotka, hookaawale ae i ka moku ua ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 140 kilomika o ka wai - Long pilikia. Mai ka makahiki 1976, ua hai aku i kēia'āina i no?. Ka hope e noho ana, make iho la i ka 2003. Mai laila, he ola wale Polarʻepekema. Administratively ka mokupuni e pili ana i ka hana nona iho Chukotka District (Iultinsky District).

Mōʻaukala o ka Kaka

Me ka wiwo ole, ua hiki ke olelo aku i ka aina Wrangel loaa Paleo-Eskimo mua. Pehea e hoao hoi i ka hulikoehana hanaʻeliʻana lawe mai i loko o ke kahawai a kapaia o ka diabolo, kanaka papani iho la i 'aneʻi e hoomoana ekolu a me ka hapalua tausani makahiki aku nei. Lūkini explorers hai aku la o ke ola ana o ka aina mamao Umkilir ( "mokupuni o Polar bea") Chukchi. Akā, ka mea, i elua haneri makahiki ma mua ma luna o ka mehameha kahakai, a nelaskovy i hiki 'Eulopa. No ka lōʻihi manawa i noʻonoʻo i ka mokupuni wale i ka nani Chukchi kaao. I kona 1820-1824 makahiki unsuccessfully imi i ka LūkiniʻImi Loa a me ka statesman Ferdinand Petrovich Vrangel. I ka makahiki 1849,ʻImi Loa, a hele, mai ka UK Genri Kellett kiai ma ka telescope, na apana elua o ka'āina i loko o ka Chukchi kai. Discoverer ka inoa o ia ma hope ona, a me kona moku KA LAHUI. A he mau "Kellett Land" a me ka mokupuni o KA LAHUI (hope Wrangel Island) ma luna o ka honua palapala'āina. Akā, i ka ole a pau na Hawaii o ko mākou hapa o ka aina puni ma ke kai.

No ke aha la Kaka i ka inoa i loko o ka hanohano o Wrangel

Ka mokupuni Ua manaoia i ike ole ia o ka poʻeʻEulopa (manao e pili ana i ka Chukchi Umkilir ole ia i loko o no). Ke kuleana o ka discoverer pili i kekahi mea i ole e ike i ka mamao kahakai me ke kōkua o ka telescope, a hehi ma luna o ia me kona mau wawae. Ua ua he German kālepa Eduard Dallmann, nāna i alakaʻi i ke kalepa hana me nā kupa o Chukotka a me ka Alaska. Akā,ʻo ua mamao mai ka manao hookahi kipa kapa ia i ka'āina. A makahiki ma hope, i ka 1867-ka m, whaler Thomas Long, mai Amerika pae ma ka mokupuni. Ma ka oihana, keia kanaka wiwoʻole i ke kanaka noiʻi, i ike i ka ka hailona ana e pili ana i ka huli 'ana no ka F. P. Vrangelya. No laila,ʻo ia loaa, a kapa i ka mokupuni ma hope ona. Ke kahi i kekahi kanaka a puni 14 makahiki. I ka makahiki 1881, hele mai la i na mokupuni o Wrangel a me Harold Amelika moku. Ua nana aku la no na lala o ka Polar huakaʻi, De Long, kau aku la i ka lanakila i ka North Pole i ka 1879 ma luna o ka "Jeannette" a nalowale. Captain Kelvin Huper pae ma ka mokupuni o ke kime. Ia na kanaka i huli no, aole mea i ko läkou 'o ka nalowale luna huki aʻela i ka US hae ma ke kahakai. I ka mokupuni, ua kapaia o ka New Colombia.

keia pae aina, Education

A hiki i ka iwakalua kenekulia, Rusia a me ke Aupuni o Amerika Huipuia i wahi hoihoi i loko o ka mea nona ka mau nalowale i loko o ka Arctic Ocean Sushi hamoʻia. Ua heluia, e hoʻokumu ai i kā lākou mau "loihi" Geographic wahi. Wrangel Island, no ka mea hoike, i ka westernmost i loko o ka poe liilii, pae'āina, Aia ma waena o 70 ° a me 71 ° akau ka latitu. Ka lōʻihi o ka ia a ka Melekiana o keia wahi e kū hoʻokahi: mai 179 ° W. d. i 177 ° c. d. ka pae'āina ka loa kokoke i wale mai North America akā, no hoi, mai Asia. Keia mea a pau i koe o ka manawa hookahi? Ueony uapo ma waena o nā 'âinapuni' elua, ma ka Bering pilikia ua ole i hookaawale ae ia lakou. Penei, ka mea, o ka mokupuni o Mainland kumu. A me ia mea ke kumu ka mea, i kekahi kapa Beringia. Kēia wahi i hoolaia mai ai lakou i ka hau makahiki, a i ka hoʻomehana honua o ka mokupuni i ole e hele ma lalo o ka wai. Kēia mea i mālama ma ka honua Wrangel kupaianaha flora a? Aaoa.

Zapolyarnoe kii onohi o ka discord

Me ka hoouka kaua ana o ka iwakalua kenekulia, a me a me ke kenekulia hana, nā moho hai mai i ko lakou mau pono a hiki i ka pae'āina. Ma hope o nā mea a pau,ʻaʻohe mea ma ka Wrangel Island, ola ina he mea kekahi, a ina paha he mea hiki ia, e lawe mai aneiai hana. Nā palena o kokoke Hawaii e 'oni iki ana i ka hikina a me ke komohana pakahi, ina kekahi loaʻa paʻa o ka pae'āina. Ma ka Akuma ka o 1911 ka Lūkini hydrographic huakaʻi ma luna o ka moku "Vaigach" pae ma Wrangel Island, a hoala mai i ka Lūkini hae ma luna o laila. I ke kauwela o 1913 Junior brigantine "Karluk" ua i'ō'ū, a ua hoʻoikaika i ka 'Aeʻa i ka Bering pilikia. pae Part o ke kime ma ka mokupuni o Gerald a me ka 'ē aʻe - he nui aoao - ma Wrangel. Mau lālā o ka huakaʻi i ka nui aina (Alaska), akā, me ka hoʻopakeleʻana aoao i hele mai i ka pilikia wale nō i loko o September 1914.

Ka hooulu ana o ka pae

I ka 1921, Nā Kānaka hoʻoholo i ka "pahu mai" ka pae'āina i loko o ka Chukchi kai. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, e haawi mai i ka moku'āina i ka manawa kūpono o ka lawaia a me ka'ō koholā, ma kā lākou mau kai. Akā, i ka mua noho o ka eha Polar a me kekahi Inuit wahine i loaa ia hooilo (ola wale'Ada lāʻau pālau). A laila, na Nā Kānaka i ka 1923 i hana i ka lua o ka kolamu. Ma Wrangel Island hele mai kanaka hulihonua Charles Wells a me ka umikumamalua Eskimos, iwaena o lakou na wahine a me na kamalii. Like ai? Iecaianoaaiiuo komo i loko o ka 'oihana aiia, noho ana ola i ka hooilo. Akā, i ke aupuni o ka USSR i hoouna aku ai i na kapakai o ka mokupuni icebreaker "Red October", kūlana i makemakeʻia. Kona hui noho limanui Alawa ae la o Kauhi, a lawe ia ia Vladivostok, ma hope extradited i kona'āina. E like me ka hopena o keia holo, keiki elua i make.

Wrangel Island ka kakou!

Pehea i ia i lilo ai "wahi lulu" hope? Oiai malaila Wrangel Island ma ka palapala o Rusia, ke aupuni e e noho hoomaha kela kanaka a ka mea, aole aponoia o ka Lūkini colonists. I ka 1926 ka mea i hoʻokumu i ka Polar noaioee, i i alakaʻiʻia e nā kānakaʻimi noiʻi G. Ya. Ushakov. Me ia i noho ai i kekahi 59 kauhale o ka Chukchi Chaplin a me Kailua. I ka 1928, i ka icebreaker "Litke" hele mai la kekahi Ukrainian kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa Nikolai Trublaini. He ua pinepine ae la oia i kona mau buke, (e like me "ka Way i ka Arctic ma ke koaʻe ke") ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka Wrangel Island a me kona haka nani. Ua like aina a pau i ia wahi i loko o ka Soviet Union, a me kaʻAʻole loa North ua i koe. reindeer herding Ua hoʻokumu like mahiʻai i ka makahiki 1948, - a hiki i kēia hopena lawe mai i kekahi poe uuku bipi mai ka pelapela. A ma na 70s i hoʻolauna muskox me Nunivak Island. Inā hewa na olelo e, a olelo aku i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka pae'āina o kekahi o ka gulag mau wahi i hoomoanaʻi, ia mea,ʻaʻole oiaio. Kauhale Ushakovskoe, Perkatkun, Star a me kauhale. Cape Schmidt i noho ai explorers a Chukchi ohana.

hoomaluia Aina Aupuni

I ka 1953 na Aupuni hoʻoholo e hoomalu a me ka hihihi rookeries ia ma luna o nā mokupuni ma o ka Chukchi kai. ʻEhiku mau makahiki ma hope, Magedala Oblast Executive Komite i hoʻokumuʻia e kona olelo hooholo ma Wrangel Island Reserve. Hope (1968) ia i hoʻopiʻi 'ia ma ke kūlana. Akā, i kēia ua i papani ai hoi i ka Soviet aupuni. Nature hookoe o ka lahui nui ma ka 1976 i hoohuliia mai i loko o ka no? "Wrangel Island". Ke oo? Ua no hoomaluia ma lalo o ka RSFSR Council o Kuhina hoʻolahaʻia ke kānāwai ma lalo o ka helu 189 o Maraki 23, 1976. Plural hookoe inoa - i ka typo. Ua ma lalo o ka hoomalu ana, a me ka kokoke mokupuni o KA LAHUI, a ma kahi o 1,43 miliona aa o ka wai wahi. Ironically mālama o ke 'ano ua loa ka pilina i ka ulia o ka weuweu 1990s. Ka hapa nui o nā poʻe e noho ana i lawe ai i ka pelapela a, no ka mea, aohe mea e hoopakele mai ia lakou i ka ai a me ka wahie. Ka hope noho Vasilina Alpaun pepehi i ka Polar bea i ka 2003. A i ka 2004 na mokupuni elua me ia ma ka UNESCO World hoʻoilina List.

ke ola

Wrangel Island Map hōʻike i keia wahi o ka aina, ua hala loa mauna. Ekolu aneane laua lei - Northern, Middle a me Hawaii pali - uhai aku i ka Hawaiian pali. Ke kiekie loa - Mount Soviet - mai i ka 1096 mika luna o kaʻilikai. Ua Ua Aiaʻaneʻane nō i loko o ka piko o ka mokupuni. Low North Ridge i waterlogged papu i kapaia o Tundra Academy. Pāpū mokuna o ka mokupuni iʻokiʻia ihu. He nui o ic ?? a me nā muliwai. Akā, iʻaneʻi,ʻaʻole lākou iʻa ua loaʻa. No ka mea, o ka mea kalakala aniau, mau Reservoir ma ka hoʻoilo ahau. Eia naʻe, ka hoʻomehana honua i kekahi '' aneʻi. Ma nā makahiki, i loko o ka waha o ka muliwai, i lilo ai i ka 'Imi hele ma spawning Shoals o Salemona. Haka'āina a Zapolyarnoe wahi ma luna o ka mokupuni i hana mai i ka moʻo Neta hauneneʻe.

Climate Wrangel Island

Polar po 'aneʻi hele mai i ka lua o ka makahiki o Novemaba, a aloha i ka lā ua hōʻike ma ka hope o Ianuari. Ka malamalama Aʻole i hele aku ma kēlāʻaoʻao o ka moana lipolipo mai ka hapalua like-May i ke kolu o ka makahiki o Iulai. Akā,ʻo ka mea i ka la mau hoomalamalama Wrangel Island, 'aʻole e haawi aku i ka kūloko kau wela. Mahana a hiki i loko o July e oi aku mamua o +3 ° C. Pinepine snowfall, drizzle a me ka noe. Wale he abnormally wela ke kauwela o 2007, lele ke ana wela i +14,8 ° C (i loko o August). Winters i hoi loa ai frosty, me ka pinepine blizzards. Rency ka oi aku o Feberuari, a Malaki. Ke ana wela i keia manawa no na pule, aole ia i ala hou ma luna o ka iliwai o -30 ° C. Hou anuanu ea nā paʻi hua mai Arctic hoomanawanui me ka uuku ona mau. Akā, i loko o ke kauwela i ka North Pacific e puhi nā hua makani.

Flora

Gorodkov, ka mea i aʻo i ka 1938 o ka mea kanu uhi ma ka hikina mokuna o ka aina Wrangel Island ua'āpono wahi a hiki i ke oo? O 'Ālika nahele no hoi ia. E möakäka hou mai o na flora ua paipaiʻia kānakaʻepekema i ka manaʻo i kona mau mokuna moe i loko o ka ciia o Polar tundra. A me ia e loa kūlike loa, ka Mea Maluna Ua like penei: Wrangel Subprovince Western 'Amelika Artic tundra ciia. Flora kekahi mau kahiko? Ueo haku mele 'ana. Ekolu hapa haneri o ke kanu - subendemics. Kēia poppy Gorodkova, puccinellia, oxytrope Wrangel a me na mea e ae. Currently, e hōʻike ana i ka helu o endemic laha 'o Wrangel Island mea unmatched i loko o ka Polar ciia. Ma waho aʻeo ia mau mea kanu, a i loaʻa wale 'aneʻi, a wahi'ē aʻe i loko o ke ao nei, i loko o ka hookoe ulu nui ma mua o ka haneri o pohihihi keia? Ueo.

? aaoa

I hoʻohalahala climatic kumu mai,ʻaʻole ia i ka lokomaikaiia i ka ua? Ueo 'ano. Ma ka mokupuniʻaʻole loa amphibians, mea kolo a me freshwater ka iʻa ole. Akā, Wrangel Island, nona ka Hawaii photo ka aneane loa piha me ke keʻokeʻo bea, i loko o ka foreground, paʻa i ka mooolelo no ka paʻapū o kēia mau holoholona. Lunakanawai no oe ia oe iho: he wahi o ma kahi o ehiku a me ka hapalua tausani kapuaʻi kuea kilomika coexist eha bea. A i Ka i helu i nā kāne a pau a me ka poe hou! I ua hoaponoia ma ka inoa Chukchi o ka mokupuni - Umkilir. A, o ka heluna kanaka o keia holoholona ua mahuahua makahiki kēia makahiki. Polar bea - ke kumu nui nana o ka mokupuni. Kaawale mai ia ia malaila i laweia mai caribou a me ka muskox. Summer e ukuhi i ka makani mai ka pelapela a nalo meli, Letra Kolohe Kai, nahu a me ka makika. Ke ao nei mai o nā manu ma luna o ka moku i kahi o 40? Ueo. Of rodents mea endemic Wrangel Lemming. Ma waho aʻeo ka bea a me nā Moana i loaʻa: Polar alopeke, hae, alopeke, wolverine, ermine. Ke kūloko hihihi rookery - ka mea nui i loko o Rusia.

hanana Kaka

Ma ka hapalua like-1990s, hookoe "Wrangel Island"ʻikeʻia ma luna o ka mua 'aoʻao o ka' epekema nā puke. A pau no ka mea, paleontologists ua ike i ka i koe iho o nā mammothsʻaneʻi. Akā, ka mea, ua nui,ʻaʻole e loaʻa ia iho, a me kona mau makahiki. Ua huli mai i ka mokupuni uhiia me ka mānoanoa lauoho, i kēia mau elepani ola a me ka lōʻihi e like me nā mea a pau ekolu a me ka hapalua tausani makahiki aku nei. Akā, ka mea, ua ike i ka make mai ka Danau oi aku mamua o na tausani he umi makahiki aku nei. He aha e mākou i? A lohe o Greece ua pomaikai no Mycenaean noho maikai ana, a noho alii iho la ia ma Aigupita Parao Tutankhamun, ma Wrangel Island Danau hele a puni ola! Eia naʻe, he kūloko subspecies oko no hoi he hōʻemi iki ulu - i ka nui o kaʻiʻo nō o kēiaʻApelika Waena Elephant.