ʻO wai ka Timur? Makahiki o kona ola ana, Kawaihae, kaua a me ka lanakila o Tamerlane

Full inoa o ka naʻi aupuni nui o ke kahiko, a e hele aku i kamailio ai i loko o kā mākou 'atikala, Timur pahu ukana Taragay Barlas, akā, ma ka moʻokalaleo ka mea, ua pinepine haawi ia ia e like me Tamerlane, a me Iron Hromets. It E e möakäka hou i ka mea i inoa kapakapa ke Iron ole wale i ke kino ano, akā, no hoi, no ka mea, ua unuhi ia mai ka Turkish 'ōlelo i kona inoa o Timur. Lameness o ka hopena o ka eha i loaa i loko o ke kaua. He mea kumu e manaʻo i kēia pohihihi alihi kaua ana o ka hala i komo i loko o ke koko nui hookaheia ma ka XX kenekulia.

ʻO wai ka Tamerlane a i kona wahi i hele mai ia mai?

Ma mua, he mau olelo e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ke keiki o ka Khan Nui. Ua ua ike ia Timur Tamerlane i hanau April 9, 1336 ma ka ?? eoi? O ke Uzbek kulanakauhale o Shakhrisabz, ka mea mua i ia manawa he uuku kulanakauhale i Khoja-Ilgar. Kona makua kāne - he kūloko landowner ohana Barlas - Muhammad Taragay, hooia Hoʻomana Mohameka, a ua ho'ālaʻia i loko o ka manaoio o kana keiki.

Ma hope o ka hana mau ana o ia manawa, ka mea, ao mai i kakahiaka nui elemakule i ke keiki i nā kumu o ke ana o ke akamai o ke kaua - lio ana, archery a me ka pale e hoolei ana. E like me ka hopena, kokoke i hiki waiwai nui, oia ua ua he inā pilikia ka haumāna koa. laila, loaa ia invaluable ike o ka wā e hiki mai naʻi aupuni Tamerlane.

Kawaihae a ke kanaka, a aho, i kekahi mea i lilo kekahi hapa o ka moolelo, e hoʻomaka ana me ka mea i loko o kona wā'ōpiopioʻo ia ingratiate Tuglika Khan - luna o ka Chagatai ulus, kekahi o ka Mongolian aupuni i loko o kona mokuna o ka aina hanau o ka luna koa.

E mahalo i ke kaua ano, e like me ka halawai manao o Timur, alakai mai la ia i ka pā hale ma ka hana ana i ke aʻoʻia i kana keiki. Naʻe, i ka luna 'ia, ka makau o kona elevation, ua e kūkulu i ka hana malu a ku e ia ia, a me ka hualoaʻa, hopohopo ana no kona ola, i puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka lānai hou-hanau mea aʻo e holo i pakele ai.

Ma ke poo o mercenary paukū

Tamerlane makahiki o ke ola coincided me ke au ia Central Asia i kekahi ana i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ke kaua. Mamala i loko o na Hawaii, ka mea i mau haehaeia e hakakā i nā ali, mau imi e hoʻopio i ka aina kokoke. Ano hoomainoino i ke kulana olalo i powa nā koa i - dzhete,ʻaʻole i hoʻomaopopo i kekahi mana, a noho wale nō looting.

Ma keia kulana, he hookahuli i kumu Timur Tamerlane loaʻa i kona oiaio oihana. Ma ka hoʻohuiʻia kekahi mau kakini gulyams - 'oihana hoolimalima koa -ʻo ia i hana i ka poe o kona kaua ano a me kaʻino surpasses a pau'ē aʻe kokoke gangs.

Ka mua naʻi

Together me kona Puhi iho-hanau thugs luna koa i wahi kāʻeʻaʻeʻa kaua ma luna o nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale. Ua uaʻike ia i ka 1362 kona makani ino mai ai kekahi mau wahi paa a pau Sarbadars - i komo o ka aina neʻeʻana aku i ka Mongol rula. Hoʻopio aku i ia mau mea, ua kauohaʻia e paia i ka i koena defenders o nā pā. Ua i ka hana o ka pono o nā wā e hiki mai ia nei hoa paio, a me kaʻino i kekahi o na kumu nui hiʻona o konaʻano. Loa koke, e pili ana i ka mea o Tamerlane, au aoia i ka pau East.

Ua i laila i kekahi o nā kēia ho'āla kaua, ua nalowale manamana elua o kona lima akau, a ua seriously eha ma ka wawae. Kona waiwai i ua hoolaia a hiki i ka hopena o ke ola a me ka hana i ke kumu no ka kapakapa o - Timur ka Lame. Naʻe, i keia ino, 'aʻole i hiki ole ia ia mai ka lilo i ka aka i pâʻani' o ia i loko o ka hope hapaha o ka XIV kenekulia he kūlana nui i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ole wale ka Central, West a me South Asia, akā, i ka Caucasus a me Rusia.

Alakaʻi tālena a me ka halawai audacity kokua Tamerlane naʻi i ka pau ?? eoi? O Ferghana, Samarkand subjugated a i ke kulanakauhale nui, o ka lānai hou i hana moku'āina o Rem. Eia, me kona poe koa i hoounaia'ku ai i ka aina e pili ana i kaʻikena Afghanistan, a hōkaiʻia ia ma ka makani ino, pūliki pono ke kapikala kahiko o Balkh, ma ka 'Emira - Hussein - Ua koke kaaweia. Kona hoʻopaʻi, ua māheleʻia, a me ka hapanui o ka Aha.

Hana lokoino a me ka mea hana o ka pono nō

hoomaka ae la i ka aoao hema o Balkh Isfahan a me Fars, a alii iho la oia hope 'elele Muzaffarids Persianʻana i ka kekahi olelo o ka hopena o kona lio. Ka mua ua ma luna o kona mau alanui i ka Isfahan. Hoʻopio ia, a hāʻawiʻo ia iā ia, e hao i ko lakou mercenaries, Timur ka Lame kauoha e waiho iho i make i loko o ka pyramid lākou mau poʻo, i ke kiekie o ka i oi ke kiekie o ke kanaka. Kēia i ka hoomau ana o kona mākau alu nā kaʻa mokulele o ka pono o ka hoa paio.

Ua mea nui i ka holoʻokoʻa mahope mōʻaukala o Tamerlane - naʻi aupuni a me ka mau, ia hoike ana mai o ka loa, i ke koloheia. Part no ka mea, hiki ke wehewehe ia e ka mea i lilo i mea pani i kona mau kūkulu 'ia. Chairing he poe koa nui 'oihana, Lame Ua mau uku i ko lakou mercenaries, i ole ia kā lākou mau scimitars makemake e huli ku e mai ia ia. Keia mea, hoʻoikaika ihola e imi hou lanakila a me ka hana naʻi aupuni ma kekahi mea i loaʻa.

Ka hoʻomaka o ka paio a me ka Gula iā Goga

I ke kakahiaka nui 80-ies o ka XIV kenekulia ka aʻe ke kahua o ka naʻi aupuni o Tamerlane i piʻi i ke Gula iā Goga, a ano e ae paha Jochi Ulus. I ka mea, mai ka wā mau loa aku Kīwala'ō ma lalo o ka Euro-hawaiian hehi moʻomeheu a me ko lakou hoomana ana o ka polytheism, nā mea waiwaiʻole, e hana me Hoʻomana Mohameka, hooia ana e ka hapanui o kona poe koa. No ia mea, i ke kaua, a hoomaka ae la i ka 1383, hoomaka ae la e clash ole wale no kū'ē kaua, akā, ma waena o nāʻokoʻa hana 'ike loea.

Orda Khan Tokhtamysh, ka mea i loko o 1382 i ka holo ana a hiki i Moscow, makemake e kiʻi mamua o kou hoa paio, a me ka mua 'olohani, i ka holo ana i ka Harezm. Me ka loaʻa? Aiaiiuie pomaikai, oia hopu i nui mokuna o ka manawa Azerbaijan, akā, koke aku i kona pūʻali kaua i haʻakoi e emi hope ma hope e loaa ana kaumaha poho.

I ka 1385, e lawe ana ka lanakila o ka mea i Timur, a me kona mau poe a pau i loko o Peresia,ʻo ia ho'āʻo hou, akā, i kēia manawa pilikia. Ua aʻo e pili ana i ke kaua o ka iā Goga, ka formidable koa hoi koke mai la i kona mau poʻe kaua i Central Asia, aʻulupā i ka enemi, hahau iho Tokhtamysh holo aku i Western Siberia.

Ka hoomau o ka paio e ku ei ka Tatars

Naʻe, i kēia naʻi ana o ke Gula iā Goga iʻaʻole naʻe, ua pau. ʻO kona hope make ai ma mua ma ka elima makahiki, ua piha oia me ka incessant koa paipai aʻo kai eʻe a me ka hookahe koko ana. Ua ua ike ia ka iā Goga Khan i ka 1389 a hiki kauoha aku, e koi aku i ke kaua me Nā Poʻe Isalama ia i kākoʻo 'ia e Lūkini kiai.

He pilina i ka make ana o ka Luna Nui Duke o Moscow Dmitriya Donskogo, ma hope a kana keiki a me ka hooilina, Basil i, e hele i ka iā Goga no ka mea i 'ae' ai i aliʻi. Tokhtamysh hooko mai oia i mea e pono ai, akā, me ke komo ana o Lūkini poʻe hao wale i kipaku ka ho'āhewa wale 'o Nā Poʻe Isalama.

I ka make ana o ke Gula iā Goga

Prince Vasili Uaʻae, akā, ka mea, ua o ka olelo maoli. Ma hope o ka make, uchinonnogo Tokhtamysh ma Moscow, kekahi o ka Lūkini i makemake ole e hookahe aku i ke koko no ka mea. E like me ka hopena, i loko o ke kaua mua o ka kondurcha muliwai (hookupu o ka Volga) kiola ka mea, Tatars, a i kela kapa o i ke ku pono ana i kai, hele.

I ka pau 'ana o ka naʻi aupuni o ke Gula iā Goga i ke kaua o ke Terek River, i mea April 15, 1395ʻae akula i ka poʻe hao wale Tokhtamysh a me Timur. Iron Hromets e hoʻokele e hoopai i ka palaoa pio i kona hoa a hiki i ka hoopau ana i ka Tartar kaua i loko o ka ?? eoi? Ma lalo o kona malama.

Ka hoʻoweliweli 'ana o Lūkini aina a me ka kaua o India

I kekahi puupuu i hoomakaukau ana ia lakou i loko o ka mea naʻau o Rusia. Ke AIM o ka n ieaie? Kai eʻe o Moscow a me Ryazan, ka poe i i ike a laila, i ka Tamerlane, a me ka uku i ka waiwai auhau i ka Gula iā Goga. Akā, mea pōmaikaʻi, i kēia mau mea i kukakuka i ole destined ia e hoʻomaopopo. Pau ana i ke kipi Ossetians a Circassians, wawahi mai i loko o ka hope o ka poʻe hao wale o Timur, a hoʻoikaika e hoi hou i ka naʻi aupuni. Ka mea wale nō nāna laila lilo ili ma kona ala me ka kulanakauhale Elec.

Over ka mau makahiki e hiki mai ana, i kona poʻe kaua i ka lanakila kai eʻe i India. Hoʻopio aku i Delhi, Timur mau koa looted, a puhi aku i ke kūlanakauhale, a me 100 tausani. Ua pio Defenders, pepehi, no ka makau i hiki kipi ma luna o lākou kuleana. Ana, a hiki i nā kapa o ka Ganges, a lawe i ke alanui mau paa mau wahi paa a, kaua o na tausani he nui hoi i Samarkand me ka waiwai pio a me na pio.

New ka hana naʻi aupuni a me ka hou koko

Ukali ma India, ka mea, ua i ka huli ana o ka Ottoman sultanate noho mamuli o ka pahi kaua Tamerlane. I ka 1402, oia i pepehi i ka hiki i neia wa invincible Janissaries Suletana Bayezid, a ua laweia aku la oia ia ia iho pio. E like me ka hopena, ma lalo o kona noho aliʻi i ka mea a pau ieiuaau o Asia Minor.

ʻAʻole mākou hiki ke ku imua o na koa o Tamerlane a me ka Naita kēpau e paa ana i na makahiki i loko o kona mau lima i ka pā kaua o ke kulanakauhale kahiko o Semurena. 'Aʻole e hōʻikeʻana i ka Turkish ho'āhewa wale mua ka mea, hookuu mai i ka mea oopa naʻi aupuni. Ia laua i hiki ai i ke kokua ana o na moku Venetian a Genoese me kilo, na Winners o hoolei ia mai o ka hale kākela catapult hookaawale ae poo o na defenders.

I ka manaʻo i hiki ole e Timur

Ke Kawaihae o keia alihi kaua poʻokela, a me ka ano akamai ino o kona mau makahiki, ai ka hope pau i ka pīhoihoi pāhana, a hoomaka ae la kona kai eʻe ma luna o Kina, a hoomaka ae la i ka 1404. Ke AIM ua e hoʻopio i ka Great silika Road, a haawi aku i ka manawa e loaa auhau mai ka hele poʻe kālepa a me na mea ma ka lilo ana o ko lakou ano, ua kahe kekahi pahu. Akā, i ka manaʻo o ka mea n ieaie? Hāʻule koke makeʻoki pōkole ke ola ana o ka luna i loko o Pepeluali 1405.

Great Emira Timurid aupuni a pau - ma lalo o keia inoa, ua hele aku la ia ma ka moolelo o kona poe kanaka - Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o ka Ilina o o ma Gura Emira ma Samarkand. Me kona kanu ana o ka moolelo, hele ia, mai ia hanauna aku ia hanauna aku. Ua hākālia nō ia, inā e e weheia Tamerlane sarcophagus, a me kona lepo ua pilikia, alaila, o ka hoopai no keia makemake e he kaua weliweli a me ka hi.

Ma June 1941, ma Samarkand no ka exhumation o ka i koe iho o na luna, a me ka noiʻi huakaʻi o ka USSR Academy o Sciences i kuhikuhi. E wehewehe ana o ka lua kupapaʻu i ma ka po o ka 21 June, a me ka ia la ae, e like me ka makou i ike, o ka Nui Patriotic War.

Kekahi hana hoihoi mea. Ma October 1942, i komo o ia mau hanana cameraman Malik Kayumov, halawai ana me ka Ilamuku Zhukov, hai aku ia ia e pili ana i ka poino, a hooko kaumaha e hoʻi i ka i koe iho o Tamerlane ma kona wahi. Kēia i hanaʻia e November 20, 1942, a ma ka ia lā ukali ma kekahi'ano'ē loli i loko o ka papa o ke kaua o Stalingrad.

Skeptics kamaʻilioʻana, e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana i loko o keia hihia ua he moʻo o coincidences, no ka mea, o ka hoouka ma ka Soviet Aaiieai? Ac? Loa ma mua o ka puka o ka hale kupapau o na kanaka, a, aole lakou i ike i Tamerlane, akā, o ka papa, i ole lawe i loko o ka nui gravitated ma kona halekupapau kipi. Me ke komoʻana i loko o ka hoopaapaa ana, koe wale no ka olelo i kela kanaka keia kanaka i nā kānaka apau e e ma keia manawa i ko lakou wahi o ka Hawaii.

ohana naʻi

Of mau panee i ka noiʻi i nā wāhine a me nā keiki a Timur. Like a pau hikina luna, ka naʻi aupuni nui o ka hala, ua he ohana nui. Mere kūhelu wahine (i helu haiā wahine) 18 kanaka, he punahele no i ua manaoia e e Saray Mulk Khanum ka mea, ua. I loko nō o ka mea i ka lede me ia i ka poetic inoa ua pa, ua hilinaʻiʻole i Mr. hoala mai na mea he nui o kā lākou mau keiki kāne, a me nā keiki. Ua hele aku la ia ma ka moolelo like me ka haipule o nā mea noʻeau, a me sciences.

Ua Ua maopopo ia me na dala na wahine a me nā haiā wahine i loko o na keiki i kekahi Ua aole i emi kana. Eia naʻe, wale eha o kāna mau keiki kāne i wahi befitting ia he kiʻekiʻe ka molekumu o, a ua lilo iho la ia i ka luna o ke aupuni a pau i hanaʻia e kona makua kāne. I ka maka o ko lākou mau moʻolelo o Tamerlane loaʻa kona hoomau.