ʻuala Cancer: A pathogen propagation alanui,ʻaoʻao e hakakā

I ka wā iʻalo e ulu ana i na uala me kekahi moʻomeheu ana. Pinepine tubers mea kanu e loli ai Ka maʻi 'aʻai. Ke causative Agena o keia maʻi mea he fungus pili ana i ka pae ana o koʻohune biotrophic. Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i kaʻuala Ka maʻi' aʻai - he maʻi quarantine i hiki hapa 'ia' ole loa luku i ka iʻohi.

hoi o ka makana Hiʻona

No ka mea manawa muaʻuala Ka maʻi 'aʻai i' akomi i ka 1888. I keia la, i ka maʻi i palahalaha ae, maʻEulopa. Ka liʻiliʻi loa paha maʻi ua loaʻa i loko o Amerika, New Zealand a me Africa.

I ko kakou aupuni, kaʻuala Ka maʻi 'aʻai i mua ike i loko o na wahi ma keia iʻohi ua nui laua. Pakahi aku la ia susceptible i keia maʻi kanu kanuia ma ka hale nā mahinaʻai. Ka mea liʻiliʻi loa i loaʻa i ka maʻi 'aʻai hua kanu o ka hema a me ka'ākau wahi.

Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i ka maʻi i palahalaha ae ana i Rusia a hiki i ka Nui Patriotic War. Ke fungus Ua hiki ke hitting ole wale uala. Oia microorganisms keʻana kekahi pahūpahū kekahi mea kanu, beets, eggplant, kamako, a no laila, ma luna o.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptoms o ka maʻi

Cancer uala tubers ike i na mea, e like me ka maʻi i ka hai symptoms. Eia naʻe, e hōʻike i ka hoailona o ka maʻi e e 'āwīwī. I ole ia ka maʻiʻaʻai e hohola iho koke mai.

Ma ia he maʻi kanu tubers uhi me ka hikoko e hoʻomaka i ka ulu mai o nā'ōpuʻu. Externally, mau hikoko e hoohalike ai cauliflower florets. I ka nui o ka buildup make i mai millimeters i na umi o kenimika.

Initially neoplasm tubers i ka malamalama melemele waihoʻoluʻu. Ua, nae, kā lākou mau waihoʻoluʻu loli, a lilo pouli eleele. Ma ka ia ka ulu o ke hoʻomaka i ka popoʻole a me ka palaho.

Ma kekahi mau hihia, na ka ulu o ke ana ma luna o ka lau a me anei i pono ma luna o kaʻilikai lepo. Ma kēia hihia, na aa o ka maʻi ua i loli, mahope mai o ka fungus e loli ai opiopio kanu nā'aʻaʻa. Inā nā kūlana e noho lakou malaila no ka pathogen, ka mea hiki ke hanaʻia, ke lau ka ulu o ke ua like no me tidara cone, a me ka paaʻeleʻele, mea i like loa me ka pehu pala.

Inā i ka maʻi i ka corrugated kinona, na tubers ma hope o ka maʻiʻaʻai lilo wrinkled. Ma kā lākou 'ilikai hiki ke hana nodules, nalu a me nā kaumaha.

E like me ka maʻi e hohola

ʻuala Ka maʻi 'aʻai - he maʻi i hohola hikiwawe loa. E koke kuhikuhi i ka maʻi, e pono e ike ana i ka maʻiʻaʻai o ola mea kanu. I ka laha ana o ka fungus ma ke kēia kumumea:

• ma laila i mua iho mailoko o tubers;
• tubers a me Mahikō i ulu i loko o ka wahi, ka iʻa'ōlewa;
• ua hoʻohaumiaʻia lepo, ua lawe mai ai i ka paena a pau me ka pili i ka hoʻoponopono koʻi lipi, a popo palaoa i wili me ka parasitic fungus.

ʻuala Ka maʻi 'aʻai pinepine ia lŘlŘ ma ka hihia ma ka moʻomeheu no na makahiki, e ulu ana ma ka ia paena. Ke fungus infecting aʻa, hiki ke kākau ma ka aina me ka ua, a me ka hoʻoheheʻe iā wai. O ka pau nui o ka manure. holoholona i hanaiia iho mailoko maka uala tubers ka wā, i ka pathogen ke komo a me ka mea hoʻomomona. Ma ka hookaawale hapa fungus hiki ke kākau pū me ke kanuʻia.

Pehea pilikia loa fungus

Ua mea oluolu e lanakila i kaʻuala Ka maʻi 'aʻai? Ke fungus mea e hookomo ana i ke kūpono 'ana o ka maʻi, o ka intracellular meaola. Ke pathogen Ua loa hoʻopale i mawaho aʻe. Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i ka pulakaumaka o ka maʻiʻaʻai e hoomau anei oukou ma ka lepo no 30 makahiki.

I ka wa o ka wi uala tubers Ka maʻi 'aʻai causative konohiki mea,ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomōhala hikiwawe loa. I ka wa e kaawale aku o ka lawa ona mau zoospores wale e make. A pau ka ke anuenue wa hoʻomaka, ka lepo mea hoʻohaumia ka wikiwiki. He no ka mea, o keia ia'ku, i ka maʻi 'aʻai o kekahi mea pepehi weliweli maʻi no na mea he nui nō hoʻi meakanu.

Ke kamepiula i kānaka

Ke causative Agena o kaʻuala Ka maʻi 'aʻai hohola loa e hoʻokēʻai ai. Naʻe, i ka maʻi o kaʻai ulu mea,ʻaʻole no ke kanaka i loko o ka pilikia. i ike kauoha aku ua hoʻohaumiaʻia lau nā palapala huahana. Ka mea, i ae, e kuai aku, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ia he huahana loa koke haalele i kona helehelena a me ka waiwai pio.

ʻOiaiʻuala Ka maʻi 'aʻai mea i pilikia i kānaka, mākaukau mai e waiho aku ai ua hoʻohaumiaʻiaʻai. Ma ka'āina Europa he nui ka mea, he ikaika kapu a me ka hoʻopau ana e like me ka IIeEeAIEUAA o ka maʻi. Inā ka fungus hahau ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i kekahi mea kanu, ka paena ua manaoia e e iho mailoko o. Land o ka moʻomeheu ka mea, ua papa ia. Ma keia hihia, e hoʻomaka i ka hana i ka quarantine o ka mea kanu. Iho mailoko wahi ua paʻa i ka pā i ka loihi palekana. Kēia kōkua laulahaʻole aku o ka pathogen.

Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi

Aʻo kekahi hoʻi, e kanu i quarantine i loko o kēia maʻi hoʻohana likeʻole e hooponopono ki ina hana like. Eia naʻe, i kekahi maʻi ka hiki pono o ka pale ma mua o ka daimonio. Me ka AIM o ka Kāohi mea waiwai, e lawe mai i ka kēia mau hana:

• Wale hooiaioia a olakino propagation mea e e hoʻohana no ka kanu meakanu;
• e lawe i ka mooolelo o ka kuapo o ka ulu, a, e like me na rula a pau o kaʻai i waena kuapo;
• ma kaʻuala kanu ua paipaiʻiaʻano likeʻole hoʻopale i ka maʻi 'aʻai pathogen;
• ia mea,ʻaʻole e pono ke kanu i ka mea kanu i ka iho mailoko o 'āpana;
• ma hope o ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka ipu, a hana mīkini, ua Paipai' ke akahele ua holoiʻia o ka aina puupuu lepo.

Eia hou kekahi, ia mea pono e maopopo ka wā e kanu uala. Hana pono kanu i kakahiaka wai puna i loko o lā a me ka mōakāka ka ino. Kela a me keia makahiki, ka wahi kahi e e ulu uala, pono e hoʻololi i. Nā lula o kaʻohi kuapo E e malama maopopo leʻa. Moʻomeheu hiki ke koho 'ē aʻe me cabbage, kiliala a me ka palaoa. Kēia mea he nui kekahi hanana i loko o ka mahiʻai hana e ho'ēmi i kā ka pilikia o ka maʻi 'aʻai o na mea kanu.

Ke koho ana o ka wahi no ke kanu

Ana e ku e iaʻuala Ka maʻi 'aʻai i loaʻokoʻa. Loa importantly, maiʻaʻole e kanuʻia i loko o wahi me ka lepo loli pu u kukui. Kēia e aggravate wale ka pilikia a me ka hōʻeleu i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻolaha i ka fungus. Ka hale a me ka hanalima ioauoa e ana aia ma ke kaawale ana o kekahi kilomika o mai o ka mahinaʻai i hua-uala ulu.

E emi i ka pilikia o ke kanuʻia, tubers paipai i ka pono me ka pāʻoihana o boricʻakika. Ana mea hoʻomomona i kanu uala i loko o ka luawai mea i nui. I hookuu waiho aku i ka hana o ka mea pōhaku nā mea huihuina, i ua decontaminated aina a me ka uku paneʻe e haawi i ko. I kupono mea hoʻonui o ke aloha kumu. Pono koho mea hoʻomomona e emi i ka pilikia o ka maʻiʻaʻai o nā mea kanu a me ka hoʻoikaika i ka germination o tubers.

Quarantine aina

Ke causative Agena o kaʻuala Ka maʻi 'aʻai hohola loa e hoʻokēʻai ai. No inā 'ano kūpono i hanaia no keia mea. Nolaila, mailoko o kahua pele hāʻule i loko o quarantine. Nō kanu E e nānā 'ia ai mau. Ma ka loaʻaʻana o ka maʻi-noho ai mea kanu ua wehe pu a me na wahi kiekie. ? Aeiiaiaiaaia e eli i ka lepo a hiki i ka hohonu o ka hoʻokahi mika, a pīpī Hekikai. O nā mea kanu no ka i koe, a laila ka mea, e ole eʻaiʻia. I ka wa e ohi ai, mai kēia mau mea ua paipai oaoieei-hana wale no. Inā he mea kekahi quarantine palapala lau hiki ke ohi ai ana, a hoʻolilo.

I ka loli ana i wahi e ikaika hahai i ka rula o ka quarantine. Ua Ua papaia, e lawe i ka loli ana i ka lau, a hana ia lakou e like me ka hua. He mea hiki ole i na kahua o ka mea hoʻomomona e pili manure, mai haawi aku i ai ua hoʻohaumiaʻia nā huahana holoholona.

He aha e hana ia mea, huai ae maʻiʻaʻai outbreak

Inā na hoailona o ka maʻiʻaʻai o ka mea kanu kālele ana o ka maʻi 'aʻai i' akomi i, oe e ike koke leka uila i ke kokoke aina ole ma ka oihana. E hoʻohana Nine Inch i huiʻia ma luna o lākou ihoʻuala Ka maʻi 'aʻai kilo'ōlelo mai e waiho aku, no ka mea, ka mea nui e hana ana i ka wā me ia, e like me keʻano hana. E aho e imi kōkua mai o ka poe i hana i loko o ka malu o ka ulu mai ka maʻi. Ulu uala ma ka hoʻohuli ai i nā 'āpana' aʻole pono no 7 makahiki.

Aʻano likeʻole e hoʻopale ai i ka fungus

Kanu a me ka mahi o ka uala i i ka ia'ku i ka causative agena o ka maʻi 'aʻai, hiki e ke wehe' ia i ka laha ana o ka fungus. Eia hou, i kēia mau mea kanu kōkua i loko o kahi o 5-6 makahiki e loa hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka lepo fungus. Ma ka iho mailoko wahi hiki ole e ulu mau uala i kekahi mau pae o ia'ku i ka maʻi. Poe akamai i Paipai 'hoʻololiʻano likeʻole o ka hola kela 5 makahiki.

Mawaena wahi luluʻano likeʻole loa hoʻopale i ka i maʻi 'aʻai mea:

• Falen, hunaahi I yellow Borodyansky, a no laila, ma luna o. A pau o kēia? Ueo hoolako i kakahiaka nui e ohi mai.
• Me ka pili ana i ka Middle-wahi luluʻano likeʻole, i ka wa a lakou i waeʻia mea, e haawi aku ana kāu mau koho ana i mau uala i hunaahi, Lviv White, ka Papa 19,ʻono, Zorka.
• I waena o srednepozdnih anao? Aou Viliia, moho Loshitsa, Sulev, Pavlinka, a no laila, ma luna o.

haoleʻano likeʻole

'Aʻole e hiki ke ku imua o ka pathogen kanu Ka maʻi' aʻai a pau uala. Mawaena o ka mea i nāʻano likeʻole me ka kiʻekiʻe ia'ku i ka maʻi 'aʻai mea e hoolako Lorch, Ulyanovsk, Tulun, Kemerovo, Pink, Priobsky, Ermak, Volzhanin. Mau uala i'ōnaehana paleʻea i ka maʻi. ino anaʻaneʻane ku ia.

Ka loa Popular haole mau uala ma ka mahiʻai, noonoo iho la Arosa, Rosario, Bellarosa. Ka mea, e hoʻopale ai i ka pathogen kanu Ka maʻi 'aʻai. Kēia mauʻano likeʻole hiki ke ulu i loko o kekahi māhele 'āina. I ka papa kuhikuhiE mea mea i ka ike i ka wa e kanu uala, a mea fertilizers e hana ma keia hihia.

I ka pau ana o

ʻO kekahi novice grower e ike i ke kumu o na hoailona o kaʻuala wart. Kēia e ae manawa e hōʻike kanu nā maʻi a me ka hai aku i nā lawelawe kūpono. E Makuakane a me kā lākou mau maʻi mea hiki ole. Iho mailoko wahi maopopo leʻa hina i loko o ka quarantine.

It E e kaulana e kāohi ana ke pale ia i ka lilo ana o kaʻuala kekahi mea kanu a me nā lau i loko o ka mahinaʻai, e like me ka pono i mahi kihapai. Ke kumuhana Ke i ke kuapo o ka lepo mea hoʻohaumia ka loa pohihihi keia. Ma waho aʻeo ia kaʻaeʻana i nā rula o ke kanu, he nui ua io i nā kāohi ana. A kūlana kūikawā ua pâʻani 'o ia ma kaʻualaʻano a me ka wae ana o fertilizers.