A e like me ka hiʻona o gymnosperms a me angiosperms mea ... na hoailona o gymnosperms a me angiosperms

Mea kanu - he nani hapa o ka biomass o ko mākou Honua. Ole ia makemake ia i ke ola ana o kekahi holoholona a fungi, a me kanaka e hiki ole. Ka mea, ua nui loa okoa, i he halawai ka nohona o? Ueo, a e ku kona grandeur a me ka nani. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole i nā mea kanu i ka ia nānā. Me he luna 'kaʻina o evolutionary loli, e hoʻokele i hakuloli a ola wale i ka loa paakiki, genetically loaʻa iā hoonohonoho. Pookela mawaena o lakou, i Kīwala'ō ma ka helu, nō nā pūʻulu elua. Ka mea, o ko mākou noonoo ma lalo nei.

General ano o ke kanu aupuni

Nā mea kanu pele haawiia meaola i halawai kekahi mau ana hoʻohālike.

• kona palena ulu ma ke ola;
• hoʻokō 'ana o ke kaʻina hana o ka kāʻamaʻai (autotrophic iaoia o ka ikehu);
• paʻa aoao o ke ola;
• hana e extract ka oxygen.

I ka lā, aia nō ma kahi o 350.000 lala o keia apana o keia aupuni. Ka mea, he aha ka mea i ke 'ano o ke ola ano a me adaptations i ka olelo o ke ola. A pau o ia e māheleʻia i loko o kekahi pūʻulu a me taxa.

Mea Maluna

Ke kanu aupuni ua maheleia i nui subkingdoms elua: kiekie ae, a malalo. Kēlā me kēia no ia mai nā 'kekahi mauʻano taxonomic huahelu:

1. Lower mea kanu i na poe e līoho, a i maheleia i loko o nā papa. Ka papa likeʻole - i ka wa e kaawale aku o ke kino, differentiated nā loko.
2. Higher kanu hoʻohui pū i nā kēia māhele: Fern, mosses, horsetails, laau mosses, gymnosperms, angiosperms.

Maoli ai, Ua nō kēlā o kēia mau taxa liʻiliʻi huahelu i loko iho: papa, kauoha, ohana, genera a? Ueo. Ua oi aku ka nui, a hakuloli mai na mea a pau - angiosperms, a flowering mea kanu. Naʻe, ka mea, ua i mau. Once ma ka Honua i Kīwala'ō ma lalo spore, laila - gymnosperms.

Aia nā'ōuli o nā gymnosperms a me angiosperms, i ae e maopopo ia lakou, mai 'ē aʻe, a no ka maopopo ana i ke kumu no ka predominance ma luna o nā mea a pau'ē aʻe. E mākou noonoo ia i loko o aku au mamuli lalo nei.

Common symptoms o gymnosperms

Kēia 'Oihana He loa hana hoihoi a me ka mea nui i ke ola o ka Honua holoʻokoʻa. Gymnosperms poe ma kekahi mau nui papa:

1. Hua Fern.
2. Sagovnikovye.
3. Conifers.
4. Bennetitovye
5. Ginkgo.
6. Gnetalians.

Loa, aia nō ma kahi o 800ʻokoʻa? Ueo. A e like me ka hiʻona o gymnosperms a me angiosperms uaʻae nō hoʻi lewa i loko o ka inoa hiʻona: i ka alo o ka hua, ai ka embryo e hoʻomōhala ai. Naʻe, ka mea e like me ka hoailona hiki ke kapaia he like, no ka mea, o ka hua mea okoa.

A e like me ka hiʻona o gymnosperms (nā mea a pau me ka hoʻokoe ') hiki ke kapa i ke kūpono' ana o ka hua ma luna o ka mea e wehe ae flake pele. Penei, ia mea e like me ka poe kapa ole, i ka ua i ke kumu no ka inoa o ka 'Oihana.

Oe ke hoi i hoʻokohu 'ia he mau hiʻona i loaʻa' elele gymnosperms:

1. Iwaena o lakou, aia no na laau wale a me ka laau uuku, herbaceous pepa i loa kahi e.
2. Ka hapa nui o ka lau i hoohuliia mai i loko o lahilahi paipu, uhi me ka manoanoa cuticle.
3. Lawelawe'ōnaehana poe albuminoid keena a me ka kānana paipu, na moku ma kahi e.
4. Sperm immobile, laweia aku la oia e ka makani.
5. Mea kanu dioecious (dioecious).
6. Ke kaʻina hana o ka fertilization a me ka hua? Acaeoey i kahi o elua makahiki.
7. Endosperm embryo haploid kau o chromosomes, no ka mea, fertilization poe noonoo ole.

Special ka nohona i waena o gymnosperms conifers hiki. Ka mea, o ka mea, nana lakou i ka bulk o nā lāʻau i loko o na ululaau o ko mākou Honua. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike o kēia mau mea kanu i:

• larch;
• kaʻa;
• spruce;
• pine;
• kedera;
• Thuja a me na mea e ae.

Na hoailona o ka flowering mea kanu

Ka mea i kekahi e like me ka hiʻona o gymnosperms a me angiosperms o ke alo o nā semen, ua lilo kekahi o na kumu i ka flowering loaa hou he ākea. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ka mea, ua reliably hoomaluia hua pericarp a me kaʻiʻo pepa o ka hua, e ka mea invulnerable i ka nana ana.

Ma waho aʻeo i keia hiʻona malaila, a me kekahi mau nui a me ka nui 'ano o nā angiosperms:

1. Aia ua maopopo kūkuluʻia e mālama nei nenoaiu, oia hoi o ka moku.
2. Life 'ano apau loa i poe e nā mea a pau ano; i keʻano o nā lāʻau, a me nā lāʻau ikiʻai laau uuku i mea hiki ke noho ma kekahi wahi.
3. Palua fertilization, aʻo ka mea e hiki ai e hana i ka triploid endosperm. Ke kaʻina ia lŘlŘ hikiwawe loa.
4. Pollination mea hiki ole wale makani, akā, i nā mea kolo, na holoholona, a me nā ano o ka hoʻoponopono-pollination.
5. Luna Nui generative hui, e hāʻawi ana i ka nunui lanakila - ka pua.

He ka muli pae ma evolutionary hua'ōlelo, flowering a e hoʻokele i ka lilo i ka loa e holumua ai a me ka lehulehu. Lākou helu ua hookokoke aku ana 250 tausani? Ueo. A pau keia i hiki no i ka āpana a me ka hoʻomohala o aaiaoe hiʻona i hoakakaia keia.

Na hoailona o gymnosperms a me angiosperms mea like

Ua mea no hoi kekahi e like me ka hiʻona o gymnosperms a me angiosperms ua ka mea ia no? Aneii ka mea, e ole e pono ai ka wai. Kēia distinguishes ia mai ka spore, i mea nui e kaukaʻi ma ona mau.

A eia hoi, ka mea hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka pono hiʻona o ka angiosperms a me gymnosperms maikai? Acaeoey o ka vegetative nā loko. Kumu, lau a me na aa i mea nui i loko o ke ola o ka meaola. Like i loko o ka mua a me ka lua o ka pūʻulu o kēia mau symptoms hou loa pono a akāka loa.

Kekahi similarity - i ke kahua o ka nui nahele, iaono?, I ka heluna o ka nui nā panalāʻau e, a dominance i loko o ke ao o ka mea'ē aʻe mea kanu. Ahuwale a me ka indisputable lanakila o nā oihana - ka multiplication o na anoano me ka mālama. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ina he mea kekahi hua, a laila, i ka fetus he nui me ke koe o ka mana no ka manawa mua mua germination. Spore i na pono i ole, no laila lākou hiki wale mai o ke ola emi dramatically.

A e like me ka hiʻona o gymnosperms a me angiosperms mea i ka hiki i ka paha i nā hualoaʻa. Ma mua ia cone me na anoano, na lua - like okoa me juicy a me ka maloo. Kēia i mea e hiki dispersal o na anoano maʻano o nā manu.

Oko ao ma waena o gymnosperms a me flowering

Eia hou, he mau mea like a me nä mea ma waena o nui i ka oihana o ke kanu aupuni. Kēia mau'ōuli o nā gymnosperms a me angiosperms, i maopopo ia mai kekahi i kekahi, a wehewehe i ka laulā superiority o kekahi ma luna o ka mea 'ē aʻe.

Oe ke i hoʻokohu 'ia i kekahi mau walaʻauʻana kumu:

1. Manawa no ka fertilization a me nā'ōlelo, ke kahua o ka hou meaola.
2. Ke kulana o ka hua ma luna o ka mea kanu (hamama ole ka puali).
3. Ke alo a me ka wa e kaawale aku o kekahi mau ola 'ano apau loa.
4. I ka papa hana o ka pollination.
5. Ka waiwai i loko o ka evolution o ka holoholona.
6. Ke liluwelo kūlana ma ke 'ano a me ka waiwai i kānaka.

Phylogenetic ka oi aku gymnosperms

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i ke kumu o gymnosperms, ia mea e pono ke kapa i ka Devonian wā, i mea, e nānā aku ma kahi o 370 miliona makahiki aku nei. Ua i laila, i ka mea e hoʻokele i oust na Fern, mosses, horsetails a me ka laau mosses, a ua he makakoho no na miliona o ka makahiki.

Ke kumu nui no keia - Kuokoa, mai ka wai i ka? Aneii a me ka hua ho okumu. I kēia lā, he nui o nāʻano loa kahiko o loa iaʻi gymnosperms, ho okumu i kaʻeleu hookoe o ka lanahu. Naʻe, ua hoi heʻano o ka hou 'ano apau loa. Eia hou kekahi, a hiki i kēia manawa iʻikeʻia kekahi mauʻano o Pin, ginkgo, makahiki na tausani o ka makahiki.

I ka manawa, na gymnosperms iʻaʻole i hiki ke hana no ka na holoholona a me na manu, e hoʻopaʻa i ka maʻamau hānai. Kēia i kekahi o na kumu i i Hawaiʻi, a loaa hou he ākea opportunists-ka wā.

angiosperm phylogeny

A kŘpa opiopio pae o ka mea kanu, i keʻano o ka i nā lā, mai ka pau ana mai o ka Canyon wā. Pae holomua Lālā paʻa hiʻona i mākou i haiia ae maluna, ae i ka elele o ka 'Oihana, e noho i loko o nā mea a pau climatic cii, a me Kīwala'ō.

He mea nui ia me ka muli, a dispersal o angiosperms ua lawa eʻai nā holoholona a me nā manu. A me keia la, kanaka hiki ole ke ola me kaʻai i hōʻike iā mākou i kēia mau mea kanu. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, kiliala, ka lau, hua, a me ka - ia mea flowering. Nolaila, ia ia i loaaʻi ko kakou mau ola.

Value a liluwelo kūlana o nā mea kanu

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i ka nui o na oihana elua, ka mea e like me ka hiʻona o gymnosperms a me angiosperms - ka hiki, e lawe mai kāʻamaʻai a paka i ka nui dala o ka o oxygen no ka hanu ana i nā mea e noho ana. A me conifers, a me flowering mea kanu noho nunui mau mea o ka aina. Kona tireless hana ka mea, paka ole wale oxygen, akā, i ka hoʻokemu i carbon dioxide, hoʻopakeleʻia aʻela kanaka, mai ka hoʻomehana honua. Ka mea, i nā hoʻohua o ke aloha mea. Mahalo i nā mea a pau i nā mea kanu ola mea ma luna o ka Honua, no laila, e overestimate lākou kūlana ma ke ano mea pilikia.