A malamalama infantry pahu T-18: hana ana ano, hakakā hoʻohana

Ma ka hopena o twenties o ka iwakālua kenekulia hele mai la ka mua Soviet poʻina nalu, a me ka malamalama infantry pahu T-18 (MS-1), i i mua hoʻomohala i loko o ka aina, ma muli ia o ka Palani Ft-17 a me kona Italian nā loli. Name (lettering) kū pono. Leka "T" Kû ka maoli hua'ōlelo "pahu". T-18 - he 'inideka kahi umikumamawalu - pūkaʻina helu o ka uluʻano. I ka lua o kona inoa - MS-1 - i loko o ka Soviet kumu i mākaukau kaua paha ma muli o kona kulana pinepine kū no ka "haʻahaʻa malama", ka huahelu - o ka 'inideka, IeOOAOeAAYAaE ka mua kükohu i loko o kēia papa.

moʻolelo

Na kanawai War i lawe mai ai i ka Red Army na Nā Kia, i waena o ka poʻe i noho i ka White poe kiai poʻina nalu Palani? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Ka mea, pono aʻo a me ka hiki, kuu kekahi manawa ma ka Sormovo hola, e kahea ana kona mau hua, "Reno-Russian." Eia naʻe, ma laila i noho aliʻi ai ka lukuia, ka mea, ua hoano e? Aneiai pilikia, akā, no ka mea, maikaʻi manawa hana mau poʻina nalu e kakaʻa ana. No ka mea, ua hiki laymen e ike i keia kükohu mea me ka nui loa OOAOAaXUEIE a me ka Pono, e hoomakaukau no ke kaua a me ka mea hou Aey? Acaeoey.

Mai ka makahiki 1925, keia a i ka mua Soviet akamai. pahu manufacturing ka ho'āʻoʻana, "Reno-Russian", o ka papa, i laweʻia i loko o no. Ma waho o ka kaua Soviet-Polish lawe mai kekahi trophy, i kokua mai, e hana i ka T-18. Ka mea, ua ka Italia kapa kila kaa - FIAT-3000. A me keia pahu i ua aʻo i loko o ka papa o ka hoomakaukau ana oaoieei-palapala kuhikuhi no ka pahu T-18, i aie i kona oi ano. Aka hoi, i ka ho'āʻo ma hope ma prototypes huahelu hoike mai kekahi 'ano nui helu o nā'ēheu kēia'ēheu o ia wā, ka oi aku i ke kaʻa a me ka engine. Penei, o ka T-16 i hooleia, keakea i no, a ma ka makahiki 1927, ua nui ke oi holomua ka hoʻololi 'ana - o ka T-18.

ho'āʻo ai i pau

Small ukali i ka pahu i hoao i loko o Iune 1927. Nā ho'āʻo ma ua holomua, a me ka i kakahiaka nui July, he kukui pahu T-18 aponoia ma ka Red Army. Mākou kapa ia ka mc-1, 'o ia hoʻi, he uuku pahu kākoʻo. Mai February 1928 ia ka hoʻomaka 'kona nuipa a? Iecaianoaaiiie, a ua hana i loko o ka hola "Bolshevik", a me ia mau ae la ia a hiki i ka hopena o ka 1931.

? Iecaianoaaiiuo proschadi i kekahi hou kukui pahu - ka T-26, a ua i manao e kākoʻo i ka infantry. No ka pau kēia mau makahiki (mai ka 1928 a hiki i 1932) ia i hookuu ia na kope i oi aku mau o ka mīkini mua o ka Soviet? Acaeoey - aneane he tausani, e e kiko'ī - 959. Ka mua pahu - ka T-18 a me T-26 - i hoopau ai kona huakaʻi - e ia i ka mua. Aka hoi, ka mea i loaʻa i loko o ka mahinaʻai o ke Kaua Honua II.

Mea hoʻonoho a me ka hana

Ka mua poʻina nalu, a pau ko lakou manao holo nōhie ua, o ka papa, aie mai na Manufacturers. Ka huakai kaapuni hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha i ka Classic ano o ka manawa. Kaawale o ka engine, a kapa ua ma luna o ka leo hauna o, a ma awelika, o ka mua oihana a me ka hale noho i loko o ka hale kiai kau ana o ka pahu a me kona mea kaua.

Soviet pahu T-18 A i ole koi lehulehu luina i loko o ke kaua me ia, Makuakane mau kanaka: i ka luna - oia Aloha Tora gunner - a me ka Keaukaha. I ka la mahope ua ma ka waena konu o ke kino, a me ka pua luna - i loko o ka hauna a me Tora, ma ke kua o ka Keaukaha. Ua i Embarkation a me disembarkation ma ka hoʻomoe Fish-chap, e ala ana ma luna o ka hale kiai, a me ka mechanic hiki ke hoʻohana a me ka bicuspid hoʻomoe, a i aia ma ka hale noho alo.

kapa kila

Kapa kila uaʻaʻole ikaika, ka mea, ua pono palekana mai ka pōkā (meakino caliber rifle), a mai ka mea uuku koena ai, mahope mai o ka ulu i ka pahu ma ka rula o ka hoomalu ana o ke bulletproof. ka hunāhunā palapala hele pū ana me ka pahu poʻina nalu i ka manawa i pili ana i ka ia: he pahikakiwi oiʻanuʻu, me kekahi polopelema. Kapa kila kino haku o ka pahu kila heʻumikumamāono millimeters manoanoa, i riveted a pau a lahilahi, a ma waena o lakou iho, a me ke kino.

Mahope bronelisty hoʻopaʻa i ke kino ma ka hoʻopaʻa pono ai ka mea, hiki ke hoopuni wehe inā pono. I ka lalo o ka pahu, a me ka hale i ka ikaika hapalua emi - malaila i hoʻohana kila pepa emi o ewalu millimeters manoanoa. I ka hale kiai, ua kokoke maʻamau hexagon shape. Mai 1930, ka mea i hoakaka ia no ka niche i loko o ka hope - a hiki i ke koa. Ho okumu i Tora kapa kila lahilahi, heʻumikumamāono millimeters, akā, ua hakuloli i ka lewa e pepehi iho at i ka hale, ua ole - ka mea, ua i loko o kila mea i oi aku mamua o eha millimeters. Ke frontal hapa o ka hale kiai i loopholes e hoʻouka i ka hana. Ball e hali ana i ae o ka hale kiai e huli, akā, e hana ai ka mea i hiki wale hana lima, a me keia ke komo i ka pahu luna koa.

weaponry

Kekahi mālama '-kaua pahu, a me ka laekahi wahi o ke hoomaopopo, i poorly iai? Oaiaaiea. Eia naʻe, ma ia manawa no ka oi o ka pahu Snap na mea he nui o kona mau nā hoapili mai nā'āina. Mua, i ke kumu nui i na mea kaua o T-18 He kanakolu-hiku o ka caliber pū Hotchkiss kükohu ua laila hoʻomohalaʻia P. Syachintovym pu Hotchkiss-MS. Au hoʻouka kekahi mea i loko o ka lima'ākau a me ka lima hema alo o ka hale kaua. Ammunition oia o kanaiwa-eono Kao lele lako kaua, a laila mahuahua i hoʻokahi haneri a me ka eha (stockpiled ammunition i loko o ka hope - kahi o ka Hoʻi Hou).

Eia hou kekahi, ia, a me nā kākoʻo i na mea kaua, a i mālama ai me ka pu Fedorov caliber 6,6 mm o. Ana hui kaulua mau mīkini pū, a i hoʻouka kekahi ma ka pu-noa alo o ka hale kaua. , Ua hilinaʻi aku pahu Magazine, i a he 1800 puni. A hiki ma hope o ka makahiki 1935 mamuli mīkini pū ma luna o ka T-18 Ua auou caiaiai me ka DT-29 (7.62). Mua i hui, laila, kekahi e kekahi. manawa 2016 puni ke ammunition ua i loko o kanakolu-nā nā pā.

engine

Powerplant akemāmā pahu T-18 A i malamaʻi, me ka eha-hahauʻana LIKE LIKE eha-paukūʻolokaʻa kola engine Mikulino akamai. Pake ka huʻihuʻiʻana i ka lewa. Kona mana, aole ia i oi aku mamua o ke kanakolu-kumamalima horsepower.

Ma hope o 1930, boosted engine ke kaomi i ka mana o ke kanaha, i hōʻeleu i kona holo ana ma ke alanui, (ke kali māmā holo o ka pahu ua like ka nui me he iwakalua-nā kilomika no hora!). Ke engine Ua hoʻouka kekahi transversely i loko o ka engine-EYI pahu, keia i mea e hiki ai i ka iki emi ka lōʻihi o ka hinu hauna. Wahie poʻina nalu ma ka helu elua i ka buke o ka mea a pau haneri a me kaʻumi nā lika. Ko lākou mea hōʻoiaʻiʻo i loko o niches nadgusenichnyh.

EYI

Aka hoi, i ka engine a me EYI o ka mua Soviet poʻina nalu halawai i ka pono o ka loa holomua o kona manawa. Light EYI T-18 i kekahi me mechanicalʻano, a oia ka huahelu a me maomeka:

1. O ka papa kuhikuhiE hookahi-pā hōkū lālau, e hana ana i maloo kū'ē.

2. ka ekolu-ʻanuʻu e manual gearbox.

3. Slewing kapa (bevel palena pau type).

4. Elua leki wawahi ana i ke peleki pāʻana a me ka huli.

5. Na mau-lalaniʻaoʻao EYI, i loko iho i loko o ka Hub o na huila holo.

kaʻa

Kaʻa pahu no ka infantry kākoʻo komo ma nāʻaoʻaoʻelua o nā sloths, e hoohauhee ana i na huila, kākoʻo umi na kaʻawale laholio rollers o ka poe liilii, anawaena, a eono hoi rubberized kaulua kākoʻo rollers. Ma hope o 1930, ma ka manao iʻikeʻia ma kēlā me kēiaʻaoʻao o ka ha kākoʻo lole wili. Hope o rollers wahi ma luna o nā Ai Pohaku Ai, kaulia ana ma vertical paukūʻolokaʻa pūnāwai casings hoomaluia.

Front kākoʻo lole wili Ua hoʻoukaʻia kuokoa une lōhai, pili i ka mea mua a me ka wehe damping hāliu mai i ko luawai. Steel wai no hoi i mau ai ekolu mua kākoʻo rollers. Larvae i hoomakaukauiaʻi mai ka nou ana la o ke kila - nui naehana me ka like lapa. Kanalima-hoʻokahi kona kalaka i kēlā me kēia Track, kona kalaka laula - ekolu haneri millimeters.

Ma ke kaua mua

Light poʻina nalu T-18 A hiki i ka Red Army i kakahiaka nui me 1928, doukomplektovyvaya Army infantry huahelu o na koa apana. Bapetizo ana o ka hou kaʻa ua he kaua ma luna o ka CER. Ma November 1929 ka mea, hoomaka ae la Mishanfusskaya kūpono ', a mākou infantry kākoʻo koke umi poʻina nalu T-18. Kaua i mua e ka a no ka maluhiluhi lakou hele, nā pahu poʻina nalu i pii ole mai i ka hoʻolako 'ana maʻamau, i palapala o ka wahi iʻaʻole i ikaika.

Aka hoi, ua hooukaia mai ka Pākē nā kūlana hana, a ua nalowale i ole T-18 i, aole nae i ka mea neʻeʻana i loko o mau pōmaikaʻi Red Army i ole no kuʻu kaumaha. Akā, no kēia mau pahu kaua lilo he maikai hōʻike, i i hōʻike ole wale pono, akā, i keakea o kēia mīkini. I ka papa kuhikuhiE mā akemāmā pahu T-18 Ua hōʻike 'haahaa ka māmā holo o ka neʻeʻana a me ka mea uuku firepower. Akā, ma ka huina, a me ka poʻina nalu a me tankers zarekomendavali maikai, a me ke kue i ka CER hōʻike maopopo.

The Great Patriotic War

Loa weluwelu a kala OOAOAaXUEIE T-18 poʻina nalu halawai ka Nui Patriotic War. A hapa uuku wale no o lākou a komo i lawelawe ma ka pahu huahelu, a me ke koena i haawi mai ai i ka pā wahi. Panzerwaffe harshly loaa ma ka palena kēia ho'āla kaua me ka aneane nö hoʻi ma ka Soviet poʻina nalu. Ma ka mahina mua o ke kaua kokoke i ka T-18 A i puhi aku ai.

Ka hope olelo ai o Iosepa i ka hoʻohana 'o ia i loko o ka hakakā dekabrom lā mai ka 1941, ka wā ka mea, i ke pale Moscow: Hookahi haneri a me kanalima pahu brigade he eiwa machines T-18. Old maikai malamalama poʻina nalu a hiki i ka pau ana o na kanalima i mālama like wahi a me ke ahi nui i puʻukaua i loko o ka Hōʻole akula Hikina. I kekahi manawa wale hoʻohana lākou mau hale kiaʻi.

No ke aha T-18?

Ma nā makahiki ma hope o ka War Kanawai, Soviet Rusia, like i ua mai la, e lanakila i ka horrific ka lukuia, ka mea, ua akaka ole mai ai i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka poʻina nalu. E like me mākou keia iloko o, ka hoihoi hou a me ka hooulu ana o ka hoʻokele waiwai i hele e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana, nolaila, ma ka hapalua like-twenties, mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kaua mea kaua modernization. I ka 1926, e like me ka makou i ike, ua, ka mea i aponoia e ka polokalamu pahu-hale papahana no nā makahikiʻekolu.

Hoʻohanohano e hāʻawi aku no ka palena iki kumumanao hui aʻo lehulehu, a me ka pahu battalion me poʻina nalu, infantry, a me ka hanaia'na mai o ka ahakanaka, a battalion i hoʻolako pono me tankettes. Omaulia ana ma Manufacturers o hoʻokahi haneri a me kaʻumikumamālua poʻina nalu o kēlā me kēiaʻano. Ma hope o ka Red Army kauoha akuʻoe i ke anaina kanaka, i aponoia GUVP a me OAT (pu-ARSENALNY Trust) nuipa a? Iecaianoaaiiie mea kaumaha, ae hoolohi-neʻeʻana, a he oiaio, ua poorly i mākaukau i Ft-17 ole, i oi pipiʻi. I luku mai ai ka malamalama pahu infantry ukali.

e pili ana i ke kālā

"Renault-Russian", no ka laʻana, loaʻa i ka laila, he kanakolukumamāono tausani rubles, a ua loaʻa iā ia, e pana aku au i wale heʻumikumamāwalu tausani kekahi pahu, e like me ka huina o na lilo e ole oi aku mamua o elima miliona rubles. It E e i akaka ia i ia manawa i ka ruble ua waiwai like ka nui me ia me ke alii. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ka huina i keia makemake e like ia e pili ana i ka miliona dala. Ia mea he polokalamu ekolu-makahiki o na twenties o ka hope kenekulia me ka hiki ole lawelawe i ka kālā ke kanana nei.

Aia ka heʻokoʻa i loko o ka lilo ana o keia la ka poʻina nalu me ka mahalo i ke kaa ana o ka hope kenekulia. Mākou T-90, no ka mea hoike, o ka Army ua kūʻai kanahiku miliona rubles kēlā me kēia manawa. 'Amelika "Abrams" ke kaumaha ma muli o ka mana kaʻina kānāwai i $ 4,3 miliona. Naʻe, iai? Oaiaaiea ka T-18 A hiki ole ke hoohalikeia me ka T-90. Kona kūlana ma ke kūpono 'ana o ke Kaiʻula Army hoʻokani i ka mua Soviet poʻina nalu, ua hiki ke olelo maikai loa.