Agglutination o ke koko - ia ... koko pūʻulu a me agglutination

Agglutination o ke koko - ka ka ponaʻana a me ka palapala moʻopane o sediment i loko o ka palapala o kaʻulaʻula koko keena, koʻohune a me na keena i lawe antigens.

Ke kaʻina hana i wahi ma lalo o ka aoao o agglutinins, a i kekahi waiwai. Ke kūlana o kēia mau 'ona hana lectins a me nā mea'aʻaʻa.

Hiki 'ano o ka agglutination ma ka hoomaopopo ana i ke koko pūʻulu

Agglutination mea maopopo a me ka nonspecific. Ma ka hihia mua, ka naoh i wahi me ke komo 'ana o ka ekolu eiiiiiaiou.

• antigens;
• nā mea'aʻaʻa;
• electrolytes (isotonic pāʻoihana noi).

Aia e hiki io no na ano o ka agglutination ma ka hoomaopopo ana i ke koko pūʻulu, akā, ia mea,ʻaʻole ka mea wale pela.

No ke aha i hoʻohana?

Ke koko agglutination naoh ua hoʻohana 'ia e hōʻike infectious Agena. I ka Ia manawa ia kikiʻo, a me ia mea maʻalahi e loaʻa i loko o ka sediment. Kēia kaʻina Ua hoʻohana 'ia, e like me ka olelo maluna, a me ka manao paa o ke koko pūʻulu. Kēia ka mea e e kūkā mai no hoi ia.

He aha nō nā hiʻona?

Red koko keena iloko antigens A a me 'ano B. mau nā mea'aʻaʻa nakinaki e ά a β pakahi. Koko hui a me ka agglutination naoh:

• 1, 0 (ά, β) -ʻaʻohe antigens ma luna o ka ili o erythrocytes;
• 2, A (β) - keia antigen a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau kino A β;
• 3, (ά) - loaʻa ka antigen a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau kino i loko o ά;
• 4, AB (00) - loaʻa nō nā antigens, nā mea'aʻaʻa ma kahi e.

Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i na antigens i mua, ua ike ia ma ka embryo. Me ka pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kino,ʻikeʻia ka mea, ma hope o ka malama mua o ke ola o ka hanau ana,.

Koko pūʻulu hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka hoʻokaulike o kanaka. Kēia mea i ke kumu no ka rejection o ka fetus ka makuahine kino. Ma na olelo e ae, e loaʻa nā mea'aʻaʻa i na antigens o ke koko o ke keiki. Ma keia hihia he mea incompatibility. Eia hou, ke koko transfusion e lawe i ka mooolelo.

aʻo

Koko hui a me ka agglutination naoh - hana maʻalahi manaÿo, i mea pinepine ia ma ka laau lapaau.

Ma mua o ka hōʻike, ia mea nui, e hoopili aku i kekahi mau lula. He manawa e hoʻopau i ka hoʻohana 'ana o kekahi mauʻai a me na laau. Kēia e kōkua e nā hualoaʻa hou pololei. Koi, a pono hoopili aku i ka hoonoho i kekahi kauka. Ka mea i kekahi keʻena hoʻokolohua i ole ia i ka ia papa koa o Hawaiʻi loaa,ʻo ia hoʻi, e iki okoa mea.

Nā kūlana no ka hoao ana

I ke koko pūʻulu i manao pololei, ia mea pono e koho i ka lako a pan pono. Mau nā:

• Saline a me ka pipette;
• aniani laau;
• izogemagglyutiniruyuschie maʻamau lāʻau lapaʻau;
• maloo earthenware papa, a ua māheleʻia i loko o 4 nāʻoihana.

Aia mau olelo i ka hoao ana:

• ao;
• ka mehana ea mea ma luna 16 C?;
• i ka hoʻohana 'ana o nā puke o ke koko a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka lākiō o ka 1:10;
• ike loea hualoaʻa i loaa i loko o 5 minuke.

Luna hōʻike i ka papa kuhikuhiE hua'ōlelo a me na mea paahana. koko agglutination hiki ke lawe mai i loko o kekahi mau aoao, a kau aku kela mea keia mea o lakou kekahi e pono ai.

ki ina hana like

Hiki epekema ka 'ike i ke koko pae Via agglutination:

• ka mea maʻamau i hana;
• Keʻa naoh;
• Colyclons hana;
• kokololio hana ka hoʻohana 'ana i ke kaʻina o "Eritrotest-gruppokart".

maʻamau hana

Agglutination o ke koko i ulu ka hoʻohana 'ana i ke ahonui o ka ula koko keena. maʻamau sera mea i hoʻohana 'ia, a pū ikeia antigens.

Ma ka i lalo papa kau ma luna o 1 kuluʻehā sera. A laila, hoʻohana 'aniani mau laau la e komo i ke ahonui o ka koko e e hookolokolo aku la ia. Ma keia hihia ia mea pono e hoʻohana i ka maka dropper. Ka mea, e hoopili aku lākiō 1:10. Lāʻau lapaʻau a me ke koko i hui pūʻia mālie. Loko o 'elima minuke oe hiki ke auhauia.

Ho omńkalakala i ka ho'āʻo hualoaʻa poe noonoo ole iaoia

Ma hope o ka hoakaka ia manawa i loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau paka ua ae nānā mau mālamalama. Kekahi hiki ke ike i ka agglutination oʻulaʻula koko aeee i ana (ke olonā i flakes), i loko o kekahi ia mea ole.

Aia nō ka mea kēia mau koho:

• ole naoh i loko o nā mea a pau lāʻau lapaʻau Eia kekahi laʻana - 1 pūʻulu;
• clotting ana mai'ō a'ō, koe wale no ka 2 Eia kekahi laʻana - 2 pūʻulu;
• Wale nō ka nele o ka muli o loko o ka hāpana 3 - 3 pūʻulu;
• agglutination ana mai'ō a'ō - Group 4.

Ke'ī mai, i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea - i ka pono, e hāʻawi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. A laila, decrypt i ka hopena, e ole e ka pilikia. Inā i ke koko agglutination mea nawaliwali, ka mea, ua? Aeiiaiaoaony e kālailai hou. Ma ka hihia o ka poe liilii, flakes ka mea, e lawe mai ma lalo o ka microscope.

kea naoh

I kekahi manawa, i ka easiest ala mea hiki ole i ka kiko'ī koko pae. laila, lawe mai Agglutination ka hoʻohana i ke ano o ke kea-reactivity. Like i ka hoao ana o keʻano mua, o ka nui 'aneʻi e maʻamau erythrocytes. ua i kikokiko ai hoʻomanawanui koko i loko o ka hoao ana şarkı, centrifuged, a laila, ua EII ni ka pipette lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hou haʻawina.

Ua mea i loko o ka huina o ka 2 kulu kau ma luna o ka pā, a laila, e kō ka hae ulaula koko pūʻulu A a me B. ka maʻiʻo ua hui ma ka pono ?? i ka moku.

Hopena o keʻa-naoh iaoia

Five minuke ma hope, ua makaukau makou no ka ninaninau Eia kekahi laʻana. Koho i:

• ka ponaʻana iloko i loko o nā paka ua - Group 1;
• flakes ka mea,ʻaʻole hoʻi i mālama i loko o kekahi o nā Eia kekahi laʻana - 4 pūʻulu;
• kaʻina ua ike ia ma ka ia hāpana - Group 2 a 3 (ke kaumaha ma muli o ka kiko'ī pii koko).

Na Huaolelo ka hoʻohana Colyclons

I ka hoʻoholo 'ana i ke koko pae ia agglutination iaoiaeii ua lawe mai ka hoʻohana kemikala ae pani ai sera. Ka mea, i kapaʻia Colyclons. Ka mea, aia no iloko olailaʻimi hoʻopunipuni ae pani ai ά a me β-agglyutinov ike like eritrotesty (nonono a me ka uliuli, niioaaonoaaiii). Ke naoh ia lŘlŘ ma waena o ke koko, a me ka hoʻomanawanui ka ula koko keena.

Kēia papa hana o ka loa pololei a me ka ike loea. Holo nōhie, ka mea, 'aʻole i koi hou-ana manaʻo. Loiloi 'ana o nā hualoaʻa ua lawe mai i loko o ka like ano like ma ka hihia o kaʻike mau hana. Ka makamake nui o ka ia i ka ha o ke koko pae pono pono e hookupaa iho la ia ma ka naoh me ka manaʻo kemikala ae pani (Anati-AB). Eia kekahi, aole ka mea,ʻaʻole hoʻi i mālama mea pīlali pepa paʻakai koloriside pāʻoihana.

Rapid 'ana i kūpono me ka lākou o ka "Eritrotest-gruppokart"

Noonoo pono i ka hiki ano o Ka Ikepili ma ka manao paa o ke koko pae, e pono ke kūʻai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i keia iaoia i kona mau ano. Lakou manao i na hualoaʻa hiki e auhau ole wale i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua akā, i loko o ke kula. E hoʻomaka i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i ka hoʻohana' ana i kekahi kupaianaha kini puʻe wale. Ua loaʻa o ke kāleka me na puka ma ka lalo o ka i loaʻa i ua maloo reagents. Ma waho aʻeo ia Anati-AB, Anati-A a me Anati-B, Anati noi-D, hiki e hooholo i ka RH ololi.

Kēia hana 'Aʻole e koi kuikawa aʻo, e' ae 'ia ka hoʻohana' koko i ua laweia mai ka manamana lima i e ana ia na preservatives. Mua, e pono e hana ai i kēlā me kēia luawai o ke kulu o ka wai, e hoike mai i na nā mea hoʻohui. Ma hope iho o ia, hui i ke koko, mālie hoohaunaele. Ekolu minuke ma hope, i ka hopena e e loaa.

wahahee agglutination

I kekahi manawa, i ka 'ikepili i loaa mai ma hope o ka hōʻike, mai i hoʻopili like i ka aku o ka lanakila. O kŰia hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kekahi mau aʻe.

He ekolu ano o reactions wahahee:

1. Psevdoagglyutinatsiya. Oiaio ka ponaʻana Aʻole ole ana, ka mea ula koko aeee i wale i hoʻohuiʻia i loko o ka palapala o ka rouleaux. Inā e hoʻouka hou aku au, e uhai i kekahi mau o nā paka ua o ka Saline. Oia ka kŰia ua ike ma lalo o ka microscope.

2. Hou anuanu koko agglutination. Oia ka naoh ua ike i ka hanana i na rula no ke ao, ua noho lakou malaila. I ka wā o ka mahana ma lalo 16? C, ka ponaʻana hiki ke hōʻike.

3. Panagglyutinatsiya. Ma ke alo o ka maʻiʻaʻai i loko o ke koko hoao ana i nā hualoaʻa i e wahahee. O kŰia i hiki i ka hihia o ka maʻi 'aʻai, ma ka sepsis.

Agglutination mea nui loa ma ka laau lapaau. Ua apono 'aʻole wale e hooholo i ke koko pae, akā, no hoi, e kuhikuhi i ka causative agena o ka maʻi, e like me ke alo o ka maʻiʻaʻai. I ka papa kuhikuhiE mea mea e pili i ke kauka i ka koi i loko o ko lakou hoomakaukau ana no ke kaʻina hana. Like no ka 'inikua kookoo, i kona hana mea e ho okumu ana i' ano kūpono a me kaʻaeʻana i nā rula. Wale ia ma keia aoao, ua hiki ke loaʻa iā kūlike loa hualoaʻa ka wā i ke koko agglutination.