Albert Hoffman - Hawaiian chemist, ka makua kāne o ka LSD: A Kawaihae

Albert Hofmann, ka Hawaiian chemist nana i haawi mai i ke ao nei LSD, ka loa mana psychotropic waiwai eʻike, make iho la ma April 2008 ma kona hale ma luna o ka hilltop kokoke Basel, Kuikilana. He ua 102 o kona mau makahiki.

E like me ia Rick Doblin, i hoʻokumu a me ka CEO o ka nunui-ka hoʻopaʻi 'hui o psychedelic noiʻi, ma muli ma Kaleponi, i ke kumu o ka make i ka naʻau hoouka. Kēia hui i ka 2005 paʻi i ka puke, a i ka 1979 paʻi ka Albert Hoffman, "My Kapu Child LSD."

Hawaiianʻepekema mua synthesized ka hui lysergicʻakika i ka 1938, akā, uaʻaʻole i loaʻa kona psychopharmacological 'ole a hiki i elima makahiki ma hope, oia accidentally hoʻohana i ka waiwai i mea i loko o ka counterculture o na 1960s i kapa ia "ʻakika".

A lailaʻo ia i LSD haneri o ka manawa, akā, ike aku la ia me ka ikaika a me ka palena papaha weliweli psychotropic lāʻau e noi ana i ka mahalo. Akā, oi nui ma mua o ka leʻaleʻa o ka psychedelic hana ua i aku la ia ia i ka nui o ka lāʻau 'me he kōkua i ka contemplation a me ka naʻauao o ka mea ana i kapa i ka hoʻohui o ke kanaka me ka ano. Kēia pokole, i hele mai ia Dr. Hoffman aneane he haipule epiphany ma ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi, e kuhikuhi loa o kona ola pilikino a me ka' oihana.

hoʻomālamalama

Albert Hofmann i hānau i loko o Baden, he ma laila kulanakauhale ma ka akau o Kuikilana, January 11, 1906 He ua i ka mua o ka eha keiki. Kona makua kāne, ka mea i ole ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe, ua he toolmaker i loko o ka kūloko hola, a noho iho la ka ohana i loko o ka eiaaioa? Keʻena. Akā, Albert lilo loa o kona hoʻokoe manawa ma ke alanui.

He kuewa wale ae la ma ka puu ma luna o ke kulanakauhale, a pâʻani 'o ia ma nā wahi e pili ana o ka Habsburg "Stein" Castle. "Aia i kekahi maoli paradaiso - i aku la ia ia ma ka hālāwai ninaninau ma ka 2006. - mākou iʻaʻohe kālā, akā, au i he kupanaha kamaliʻi ".

Ma kekahi o kona poe e hele anaʻo ia i ka epiphany.

"Eia kekahi May kakahiaka - Ua poina au i ka makahiki, akā, no ke ho onoho ana i ka wahi i kahi e hiki mai ai, ma ka footpath i loko o ka ulu lāʻau kokoke Martinsburg, - ia i kākau ai i loko o kona puke. - I ka hele ana ma ka ulu lāʻau me ka hou lau, ua piha oia me ka birdsong, a ho'āʻia ma ke kakahiaka lā, a me nā mea a pau o ka ulia huli mai e ia he unusually maopopo malamalama. Nature hopu loa nani radiance, hoopa iho la i ka naau, me he mea la makemake, e hiki i kona nui ia iaʻu. Au ua piha i ka indescribable ka waiʻona ma o ka olioli, a me ka oneness blissful ka maluhia. "

ʻOiai Hoffman ka makua kāne i ka Hui, a me kona makuwahine - he Kalawina, oia na mea i manaoio mai i kakahiaka nui elemakule, ka hoʻomana hala i ka mea nui wale nō. I kona ua 7 a 8 makahiki, Albert Ua kamailio ana me ka hoa e pili ana ina la o Iesu i ke akua. "I mai la ia,ʻaʻole au i manaoio ia, akā, e pono i ke Akua, no ka mea, aia no i ka honua a me kekahi mea nana i hana ia, - i mai la oia. - I i ka hiamoe nui loa e pili ana me ka ano ".

Ke koho ana o kaʻoihana

Hoffman hele aku la ia i ka noiʻi i kemika ma ke Kulanui o Zurich, e like me ia i makemake e makaikai i ke ao nei ma ka 'ilikai ai kahi i ka ikehu a me ka Nine Inch hehee hui pu iho i ka ho okumu ana i ke ola. I ka 1929, ka wā āna i ua wale 23, oia loaa he doctorate ma kālaiʻike. He laila, i ka 'oihana ma ka "Sandoz" keʻena hoʻokolohua ma Basel, kahi āna i o Laielohelohe e kekahi polokalamu ma o ka hoʻololi kemikala o ka mea lāʻau lapaʻau' ona mai ka lāʻau lapaʻau mea kanu.

"Day o ka paikikala"

Oiai e hana me ka ergot hitting rai, oia okupe anei ma LSD, a me ka ulia awakea o ka Pōʻalima ma April 1943 hoʻohana i ka lāʻau i loko. Koke aku la ua hoano e ka hoololi ana o ka ike paka i, i 'ano like me ia i ka mea, ua hoano e like me ka keiki.

ʻO kēia Monday, LSD Albert Hofmann intentionally i. Ka makaukau, hoomaka ae la e hana i kona wa i Paikikala hale. Ia lā, April 19, i hope immortalized e aeoaeuneiai lāʻau. Ka mea, kapa ia ka "Day o ka Bike."

hoike ana kemika

Dr. Hoffman i hana nui ai '' ē aʻe, me metergin hoʻohana no ka iapaau ana o ka postpartum hemorrhage - i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka make i loko o ka nahunahu hanau. Akā, ka mea, ua LSD hoʻokino kona 'oihana, a me kona uhane kona manaopaa.

"Mahalo i koʻu manaʻo wā lawe LSD a me koʻu hou kiʻi o ka ike maopopo, au ike i ka hana mana o ka hanaia'na, i ka nani o ke ano, flora a me? Aaoa, - aku la Hoffman, he psychiatrist Stanislav Grof i ka makahiki 1984. - I lilo loa ikepili koʻikoʻi i mea e hele ana i hiki mai me ka mea a pau keia, a me nā mea a pau o ko mākou ".

kapu ai '

Dr. Hoffman lilo i ardent mea kaiapuni. I mai la ia ia LSD mea wale i ka waiwai koʻi i loko o psychiatry ole, akā, hiki ke hoʻohana 'e hoala iʻoi kaʻike wahi ma ka' ano kanaka ka o, e hooki aku i ka make ana o ke ano.

Akā, i ka mea i pili i ka ulu ana o ka LSD like me ka lāʻau no ka lealea. E like me ia, i ka lāʻau e ke hoʻohana like me primitive nā kaiapili hoʻohana psychoactive kapu mea kanu - akahele, a me ka Uhane mau manao.

Ma hope o ka loaʻa o ka waiwai o psychotropic waiwai Albert Hofmann pau keia makahiki këia kapu mea kanu. Together me kona hoa Gordon Wasson, oia komo i loko o psychedelic rituals shamans mesatekov ma ka hema Mexico. He ua hiki ke synthesize i ka hana i huiʻia Fish psilocybe Mexicana, kapa aku la ia psilocin a me ka psilocybin. Eia hou, i ka chemist ua anao? Aou ka hana eiiiiiaiou Convolvulus anoano a Mazatec i hoʻohana me ka intoxicant, a me ka ike i kona Nine Inch haku mele 'ana mea i' ano like me ka LSD.

Iloko o ka psychedelic au Hoffman pepehi aku i ke aloha a me ka kekahi personalities me Timoti Liri, Allen Ginsberg a me Oldos Haksli, ka mea, i ma ka verge o ka make i ka makahiki 1963, ninau mai la ia i kana wahine, e haawi aku ia ia i ka pahu kui o ka LSD e alleviate loaa mai ka puu Ka maʻi 'aʻai.

'āina hoʻoili

Naʻe, hoʻowahāwahā i ka hoihoi i loko o psychoactive hui LSD makua kāne i koe a hiki i ka hopena o ka Hawaiian chemist. I ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, "Sandoz,"ʻo ia i alakaʻi i ka Natural laau Research 'Oihana a kona hoʻomaha i ka makahiki 1971.

Palapala ma luna o hoʻokahi haneri 'epekema' atikala, no ka mea kākau e Albert Hoffman. Books hoʻolaʻa i ka Hawaiian chemist hallucinogenic waiwai. Ma "Eleusis:ʻilikai na Kakalema" (1978) ka mea hoʻopaʻapaʻa i ka helu o Helene haipule pu ma ka hoʻohana ' ana i hallucinogenic Fish. He i ke kākoʻo '-i kākau "Botany a me kemika o Hallucinogens" puke (1973), "mea kanu o ka Akua: na kêia kanaka o ka pono o hallucinogens" (1979). I ka 1989 au i ike ai i ka malamalama o kona naʻauao / Outlook puke (1989) e pili ana i ka pokole o ka ike maopopo a me ka hana ana o "Elixir o Hoffmann: LSD a me ka mea hou Eleusis" i paʻiʻia ma hope o kona make ana (2008).

Albert Hoffman a me kana wahine, Anita, ka mea i make koke ma mua o kona makeʻana, ua hoala hou mai i loko o Basel eha keiki. make o ka alcoholism Keiki ma ka 53 o kona mau makahiki. Hoffman ua hoano e kekahi mau moopuna a me moopuna nui.

ʻOiai ka Hawaiian chemist kapa LSD "lapaau no ka uhane", ma ka 2006 i ka lā i kona wa i lawe hallucinogens, ua haʻalele loa ma ke kua. "I ike LSD; Au e e pono e lawe ia ma - i mai la oia, a hou, -, malia o ka wā aʻu e make like Oldos Haksli " E like me ia ia ia, LSD uaʻaʻole i alakaʻi ai i kona mau manaʻo e pili ana i ka make. "Ma hope o ka make, au e e hoʻi i kahi aʻu i mua ka mea i hanau ai, i ka mea a pau."

Albert Hoffman: nā kaha puana'ī

Aia ma lalo nō kekahi ike e olelo aku Hawaiian chemist.

• Ke evolution o ke kanaka ua pu ma ka ulu a me ka anoe o ka ike paka i.
• LSD - He ka mea wale no e mai ka mea mākou e ia.
• E hele i ke kula, e hele i nā kīhāpai, e hele i loko o ka ulu lāʻau. E wehe i kou mau maka!
• Ke Akua i'ōlelo wale ai i ka poe i ike kona 'ōlelo.
• I manaʻo i ina kanaka aʻo i ka hana stimulation hihiʻo o LSD i ka lapaau a me ka noonoo ana mea nui kupono, ma lalo o kekahi mau rula, i kēia pilikia keiki hiki e ke keiki mee.
• Ike paka i - mea he makana o ke Akua i kanaka.