Alfred Shkliarsky. Kawaihae a me ka hana ana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo

Nā novels o kēia mea kākau i ka'ōleloʻana e pili ana i ka loa loihi kihi o ko ke ao nei, ka leo kono i heluhelu i ka mea hiki ole hoike ia pu me ko lakou poe koa. Alfred Shklyarskii mōʻaukala i loko o ka mamao postwar wā hōʻike ai i ka mea heluhelu malihini aina a me nationalities. Kona inoa i loko o ka buke o ka hele ana a me na keiki, a me nā mākua. Akā, surprisingly, i ka mea kākau o ka kupaianaha novels o ka hele ua i aloha ai.

e pili ana i ka mea kākau

Hanau mea kākau i loko o ka United States, 21/01/1912, ma Chicago, i ka makahiki 1908 i puʻe wale akula kēlā iā emigrate i kona makua kāne - he activist a me ka hoa o ka Polish Socialist Party. A lohe o Alfred Heʻumikumamāono kona mau makahiki, i ka ohana hoi a hiki i Poland.

Mai ka 1928 ua noho iho la lakou ma ka aina o kona makuwahine Włocławek, kahi Alfred Shkliarsky puka 'o ia mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe. I ka 1932 ua neʻeʻo ia i Warsaw. Alfred komo i ka Academy o Kalaiaina Science ma ka Consulate. Puka 'o ia i ka 1938, a loaa ka palapala puka. Akā, e hoʻomaka i ka pili aupuni 'oihana ka mea, ua hooki kaua.

Ma ke kula kēia,ʻo ia halawai i kona wā e hiki mai ka wahine, Christine, a me ka mea a ka mea i mare i ka 1939 ma ka ekalesia o St. James.

na makahiki kaua

Iloko o kaʻoihana, no ka ohana i koe ma Poland. I ka hopena o 1939, Alfred lilo luna hoʻoponopono o ka Nupepa "New Warsaw Courier", i i paʻiʻia ma lalo o ka mana o nā poʻe komohewa. Ma lalo o ka pseudonym Marek Smuha, Alfred Muravsky, Alfred Gruda ia i paʻiʻia ma ka "New Courier" oi ma mua o ka haneri o kona mau moʻolelo a me novels mua.

Alfred hui i ka poʻe kaua o ka Home Army, kaua maila ia i ka poʻe komohewa, i ka mahele o ka Warsaw Uprising i ka makahiki 1944. Ma hope o nā mea āna i neʻe ai i Kakow, a mahope mai o Pepeluali 1945 definitively noho ma Katowice.

Alfred Shkliarsky i ka 1949 i ka Nazi hana i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka makahiki ewalu i loko o ka hale paʻahao no ka puke ma ka nupepa "Warsaw Courier". He Ua kauoha me ka "hana ku ei ka Polish kanaka." Mea kākau mālama aku iā ia iho.

Akā, i ka 'aha hoʻokolokolo i ole lawe i helu i kekahi hapa o Alfred i loko o ka Warsaw Uprising, a me kona komo i loko o ka paio e ku ei ka hana koa i loko o nā kahua o ka Home Army, kahi ana i hoike mai ke koa a me ka wa ana i kona aupuni. Ua i i ke kōkua, a me ka eyewitness buke.

I ka 1953 Shkliarsky haawi e pili ana, a ua hookuu ia. A laila, hanaʻo ia e like me ka luna hoʻoponopono ma ka hoʻopuka puke hale o Śląsk a hiki i 1977. Mea kākau make ma Katowice 09.04.1992 makahiki.

ka palapala, ai hana

Shklyarskii Debut i wahi i kekahi manawa, i ka wa Poland i noho ma ka Nazi poʻe kaua. Kona novels mua i pahuna ma ka makua hoolohe ana: "Iron maiuu o na" (1942), "aoi Diamond" (1943), "ka malu o ka halekupapau" (makahiki 1944).

Ma hope o ke kaua, Alfred Shkliarsky puke hōʻailona Iu Alfred Bronsky a Fred lei. Ka mua kia-kaua puke "wela alualu" (1946), "Three Sisters" (1946), "Mai kali mai no iaʻu" (1947), a Błędne ognie (1947), palapala ma lalo o ka pseudonym Alfred Bronskiy i ua ike kekahi poʻe heluhelu a me ka manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni.

Pauaho a ma ka mea kākau manao e ho'āʻo i kona lima i loko o ka haku o ka hana no ka opiopio heluhelu. I ka 1947, i kākau ai ma lalo o ka pseudonym Fred lei puke no nā keiki "Tom mea i loko o ka pilikia." Maoli, ka mea, he mea kupaianaha ke ahonui a me ka ikaika. Me ka hanohano ia i ae mai i ka weliweli o ke kaua a me ka noho ana Alfred Shkliarsky. Kawaihae no ka mea kākau keʻae pehea he kanaka hiki e kupaʻa i kona aupuni, i ka poʻe heluhelu punahele hana.

I ka 1951, i hoʻihoʻi mai i kona mau buke, mai nā hale waihona puke i banned censorship. Akā, ae hoomau ana i ka hana, ka leo kono i kona heluhelu ana i ke ao nei o ka hana, a he mea hiki ole Hawaii.

Ma ka puke "Tom mea ma ka pilikia" mea e pili ana i ke keiki o Polish ka molekumu o, ka mea i hanau ma Amerika. A i kona aoiaʻi oe i ka pili ana i ka Warsaw Uprising o 'Amelika nupepa, hoouna aku la i ko lakou aupuni i ka hale ma luna o ka Polish moku. Akā, ka mea i loaʻa i ka Africa, kahi āna i e kali ana no ka hiki ole i hoike ia. Book o kakali ana no ka pomaikai, a me ka puke lilo ka prototype o ka puke "Ka Hawaii o Tomek Vilmovskogo".

Tomek a me kona mau hoa

Ka mua puke o ka moʻo "Tomek ma kangaroo aupuni" (1957) i ole lawe mai i ka maikaʻi, i ka pomaikai. Akā, ma ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻoponopono Alfred hoomau i ka hana ma luna o kēia puke, i mākaʻi kiaʻi, e hahai ana i ka'ōlelo aʻo a ka hoʻopuka. Ka lua o ka paiia ua lanakila na naau o ka heluhelu. A i loko o nā makahiki i hahai he ewalu hou puke i loko o kēia moʻo.

Novels manaoia no ka opiopio mahele, hoʻoponopono Shklyarskii e hoohuli e kakau i kekahi maoli inoa. moʻo o novels e pili ana i ke keiki e haʻi Tomek, ka poe i hele a puni ke ao nei a me kou mau hoa, a loaʻa i loko o Hawaii.

Ke meʻe o kona mau puke Tomek - maikaʻi loa haumāna, maikaʻi hoaaloha e Nui ka mahalo 'oiaio aloha. A moʻo o eiwa puke replete me Leeuwerikplein, mōʻaukala a me ka moʻomeheu kūʻiʻo. Ua Ua palapala me ka wahi o ka Quotes, a, e hoʻopiʻi kū'ē i ka keiki kanaka, no ka mea a ka mea kākau a me ka hana i kana mau hana.

Ka hope puke o ka hopena ua "Tomek ma ka aina o ka o Paraʻo" koe paʻa hapa. Ua Ua paʻiʻia i ke aloha ia Adamu Zelge, ka mea i pau ia ma ka kumu o na mooolelo i houluuluia e ka haku ai. Ka puke i paʻiʻia ma ka 1994.

male trilogy

Ma neʻepapa hoʻi, me kana wahine, Kristina, Alfred Shkliarsky i kākau i ka trilogy e pili ana i ka Sioux - Maunaʻohana a North America. Kalapona "Black Hills Gold" wehewehe i ka mooolelo a me ka hoomana ana i ka lāhui 'ōiwi heluna kanaka, i kāna hana ma waena o ōiwi' Amelika ohana, a 'aʻole i hoʻohemahema wale i ka undeclared kaua kaua e keʻokeʻo kanaka e ku ei ka Mauna ohana.

Allegedly, ua imbued Shklyarskii novels e pili ana i ka moʻolelo a me ka hoomanawanui ana o ka lāhui 'ōiwi kanaka o Amerika me kaʻeha, no ka mea, ka mea i kākauʻia e ka mea kākau mea i hooluhi hewa Naziʻoihana. Ka lono kaumaha moolelo o kona'āina hānau, a me kaʻino o ka poʻe komohewa i haʻalele i ka hohonu, hoailona ma luna o kaʻuhane o ka mea kākau. He manaoio aku i ka mōʻaukala o ka Native Americans mea akin i ka Polish heluna kanaka, i ho'āʻo i ka luku a me ka exterminate.

ʻO wale koena unuhi ua i na auamo, e hoʻokele e ola mahope aku o keia kaua, a me Amelika kanaka e ho'ōla lilo i ko lakou aina. Alfred Shkliarsky ikaika hoohewaia interracial e kue ana a me ka lawe wale a me ua mau koi no ka malu mau ma ka honua,ʻaʻole ana iā i kekahi lahui o onei.

Nā novels i loko o kēia moʻo ua he nui ka pomaikai. Aku lakou i hele me ka hiki ole i pololei i ka mōʻaukala kūʻiʻo, ka moʻomeheu o ka Indians. No ka Polish poʻe heluhelu, e noho ana ma ke kua o ka Iron pale, ka mea, ua pono i ka waiwai o ka ike, a me ka loaʻa. Ka mea kākau moʻolelo unuhi ae la oia i ko lakou ike ana mai o na buke, Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke, nūpepa.

Travel mea kākau, ka mea e aloha ole mai i ka hele

Mea kākau Alfred Shkliarsky poeko i ka'ōlelo Pelekane, Kelemānia a me Palani. Nice e ike Italia. Akā,ʻaʻoleʻo ia i makemake e hele.

A huakaʻi i Aigupita, kahi āna i hele mua ia me kana wahine, uaʻaʻole loa holomua. Ka mea, ua Alfred loa kaʻapu kōheoheo, a lilo ka hapanui o ka hele i ka haukapila. Mai laila, i ka eagerly kali hoʻi o nā huakaʻi i kana wahine, ma kana hana mau i lawe mai ka home souvenirs o ka mea lahaʻole a me ka hou moʻolelo.

mea kākau o ka puke i lawe mai ia i nā hualoaʻa a kaulana. He Ua hookoia kekahi mau waiwai pio:, a me Orle Pióro (1968), a "Papa Hanohano o ke Smile" ia nā kumu kāki, i hookoia e na keiki (1971). Eia hou kekahi, Shkliarsky Ua palua kaulana i ke Kuhina Nui Kuhina no na hana no ka opiopio heluhelu (1973, 1987). He ua he lâlâ 'o ia o ka Hui o Polish kākau.

Shklyarskii puke i ua unuhi i loko o Lūkini, a Bulgarian 'ōlelo. Eia naʻe, ka mea, i ole paʻi ma ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia. Wale ma Poland, a he umikumamakahi miliona kope kuai.

Kona novels i keia la, ua nui kaulana, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka la o ko lākou mau puke i oi ma mua o kaʻumi makahiki. Ka mea, e hoʻomau i ka 'imi hou a nui heluhelu hou i waena o nā mākua a me nā keiki.