Allen Ginsberg: A Kawaihae, e hana, hōʻike manaʻo

Allen Ginsberg ua koʻikoʻi i loko o 'Amelika moʻomeheu ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II. He mea kekahi o ka loa ua mahaloia kākau o ka lanakila, a me ka pono-ike haku mele o kona hanauna.

Allen Ginsberg: A Kawaihae

He Ua hanau ia ma 1926 ma Newark (HI) i loko o kekahi Iudaio immigrant ohana. He ulu i loko o kokoke Paterson. Makua Louis Ginsberg ao mai English a me kona makuwahine Naomi i kekahi schoolteacher a me activist o ka Communist Party USA. Allen Ginsberg i loko o kona wā'ōpiopio iʻike maka i kona manaʻoʻike pilikia, ma ka Vol. H. Ka helu o ko mākou hopohopo breakdowns ma luna o ka pā hale o ka makau o lakou ma ka hoomaau no kona pono hana.

Omaka wahi o ka neʻe

Allen Ginsberg a Lyusen Karr hui i ka 1943 oiai këia ma Columbia University. Hope hoemiia mua-makahiki nā haumāna me William Burroughs a me Jack Kerouac. Ma hope, hoa hoʻokumu iho i kī huahelu o ka lanakila ae neʻeʻana. Kinohi mai ua ikeia no kā lākou hana naʻee manao a me ka nanaina aku hana, Allen a me kona mau hoa ua ike maopopo no hoi me ka ai '.

hookahi Ginsberg hoʻohana i kona kulanui dorm lumi e hoahu i aihueia ka waiwai kuai ai, mai hoalauna. ʻalo i ka hoopii, ua hoʻoholo e hookamani ia ka uhauha, a laila, lilo i loko o ka psychiatric haukapila kekahi mau mahina.

Ma hope o ka puka, Allen noho ma New York, a hana i kekahi mau hana. I ka makahiki 1954, naʻe, ua neʻe akula ia San Francisco, ma ka iki-ana i na poe e haku mele Kenneth Rexroth a me Lawrence Ferlinghetti.

E hea aku ma luna o ka noho

Allen Ginsberg mua i hele i ka lehulehu noonoo i ka makahiki 1956, ma hope o ka lehulehu ākea o ka puke "E aoa a me Other poem." Kēia poem i loko o ka moolelo o Walt Whitman mea he uwēʻana o ka huhū, a me ka poho olelo ku e luku, a 'aʻole hoʻi lehulehu. Kevin O'Sullivan i kapaia ma Newsmakers hana huhu, nā kiʻie Lyrics a me ka hui pu ana, ma ka manao o na mea he nui, ia mea he hoʻokahuli aupuni kekahi hanana i loko o 'Amelika poetry. Sam Allen Ginsberg "aoa" ua hoakakaia e like me "Iudaio,-melvillianskoe aliʻi haku hanu."

Hou, pono 'ōlelo poem pōniuniu wale nui kuʻuna kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Dzheyms Diki, no kekahi laʻana, e like me "ka emaciated moku'āina o ka pīhoihoi" ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka "aoa" a me ka manao ana "ia mea,ʻaʻole i lawa ke kākau poetry." Other kiʻiʻoniʻoni Ua pane hou ikaika. Richard Eberhart, e like me huahana kapaia "ikaika hana, ka lua pele i loko o ka hōʻeuʻeu pono ... He He uwēʻana ma luna o nā mea a pau i loko o mākou mechanistic noho maikai ana e pepehi i ka uhane ... kona maikaʻi mana a me ka ikehu hele mai, mai ka redemptive ka mana o ke aloha." Pol Kerroll poem i kapaia "kekahi o na milestones hanauna." Ke kālailaiʻana i ka hopena o ka "Squall", Pol Tsveyg kaulana i ka mea kākau o ka "ʻaneʻane hookahi-handedly auou caiaiai i ka traditionalist poetry o na 1950s."

kaʻina

Ma waho aʻeo no ka hoʻolele hauli kiʻiʻoniʻoni, "E aoa" pōniuniu wale i ke Keʻena o ka San Francisco makai. Ma muli o ka Kimia moe 'ōlelo poem puke hai aku obscene, a ua hopu hoʻopuka o ka haku mele Ferlinghetti. Ka hope lawsuit o Laielohelohe i ka noonoo ana o ka aina a me ka koʻikoʻi ka palapala, ai na kii: ". Aoa" Mark Shorer, Kennet Reksrot a me Walter van Tilberg Clark kokua Shorer hoike i "Ginsberg hoʻohana diction a me rhythms o maʻamau olelo. Ka poem Ua hoʻoikaika e hoʻohana i ka'ōlelo o ka vulgarity. " Clark i kapaia "aoa" loa pono hana o ka haku mele, i mea hoi he loa kupono kanaka. Hoike hope hoomaopopoia Lunakanawai Clayton Horn hooholo i ka huina hoonui mea ole obscene.

Penei, Allen Ginsberg, kona hōʻike manaʻo o ka poem mea e like ai ma ka hookolokolo ana i laha, ua ke kumu o ka manifesto o ka lanakila ma ka palapala, ai neʻeʻana. Novelists e like me Jack Kerouac a me Uilyam Berrouz a me ka haku mele Gregory Corso, Maykl Makklyur, Geri Snayder a me Ginsberg ma ka mua kapu kumuhana a me ka 'ole-ka palapala, ai ke kākau' ana i loko o ka 'ōlelo o ke alanui. Manaʻo a me ke akamai iki-pele i ka nui ole ma hanohano moʻomeheu i loko o ka United States i loko o nā 1950-1960 ka.

pule no ka mea make

I ka 1961, Ginsberg paʻi "Kaddish a me Other poem." Ke poem ua like ma ka mika a me ka palapala e "aoa" a, me ka nānā 'ana i nā loina Iudaio hoʻolewa pule, e hai ana ia iā mākou e pili ana i ke ola o kona makuwahine. Complex manaʻo i ka haku mele i ka mea pena kona aumeume me ka noʻonoʻo, nā kīnānā, nō ka pulakaumaka o keia hana. Ua Ua manaoia kekahi o ka maikai hanaia 'na o Allen Thomas Merrill kapa ia "Ginsberg ma konaʻoe, a paha i ka maikaʻi hoike ana", a Louis Simpson - "He masterpiece."

He mea!

Allen Ginsberg, kona mau hana i ua hoopili i 'ole e William Carlos Williams, hoʻomanaʻo aʻela ia i kona kula characterization like "clumsy lohi hick mai New Jersey," akā, ma hope e kamailio pu ana me ia, "I koke ihola nō ia o ka haku mele Hoolohe i sensitively" kohana "pepeiao." Sound, maemae kani a me ka pāpana, no laila, i olelo mai ai ia ia, a me ka ia i ho'āʻo i ke hakuloli i kā lākou poetic rhythms o ka maoli conversational i lohe makemake ma mua o ka metronome ai i kaʻoli o archaic moʻokalaleo.

E like me ka mea haku mele, ma hope o ka ulia hoʻoulu manaʻo,ʻo ia e hana koke. Allen Ginsberg kaha puana'ī mai kekahi Ana Aina, i loko o ka palapala o ka liʻiliʻi koena ai i loko o 4 a me 5 laina e hoʻopili like me kēia i kekahi kamailio-manaʻo dotted e like me ha e like pehea mea e e Wāwahi ina koi 'ia e'ōlelo iā lākou, a laila, hoouna aku la ia Williams . He aneane hoouna koke ae la ia ia i ka palapala aie i ka i ana, "He mea! Oe nō i ia? "

Kerouac a me na mea e ae

Kekahi nui ole ma Ginsberg i kona hoa Kerouac kakau iho la oia i ka puke ma ka kaila o ka "noho'na makaainana i ulu Ana Aina,", a Allen mahalo a me ke hakuloli i kāu mau hana. Kerouac kakau iho la kekahi o kona mau puke, he typewriter kauoha aku la i'ōwili o keʻokeʻo pepa a me ka pai ana noke i loko o ka "muliwai o ka ike paka i". hoomaka Allen Ginsberg e kākau poetry mea ole, e like me ia i olelo mai ai, "e hana ana ma luna o ia mau mea i loko o ke koena uuku, a me na apana, mai kekahi manawa, akā, ka malama ana i ka manaʻo i loko o koʻu poo, a kākau i ka mea, ma ka wahi, a me ka hoʻopau iā lākou ma laila."

Williams a me ka mea kākau Kerouac 'aloʻahia Emotions, a me ka maoli ala o ka olelo i like i ka palapala, ai' kahiko hale. Ginsberg haawiia i ka mōʻaukala precedents o kēia manaʻo i loko o nā hana o ka haku mele Walt Whitman, novelist Herman Melville , a kākau moʻolelo Genri Devida Thoreau a Ralph Waldo Emerson.

Libertarian politician

I ka papa kuhikuhiE theme like o ke ola a me kaʻike hoʻokumu o Ginsberg i ke kulekele. Kennet Reksrot kapaia keia kēia lākiō o Allen ka "kokoke hemoleleʻano o Whitman ka lōʻihi populist pōʻai hoʻokahuli aupuni i waha i loko o 'Amelika poetry." Ma kekahi poem Ginsberg Shoes ke kalepa hoao paio o na 1930s, ka mea kaulana'ano'ē huahelu, i ka i hoʻohālua no ka Red McCarthy a me nā milestones o ka neʻeʻana hema. Ma Wichita Vortex Sutra ka mea, ua imi e pau i ke kaua ma Vietnam ma ke ano o ke kilokilo kupua. Ma "Plutonovoy ode" ho'āʻo i ka like? Eaia - ke kilokilo hanu i ka haku mele e lawe aku oe i ka ikaika o ka'Ātoma mai kona pilikia ano. Other poem e like "aoa", eia nae mea i pili aupuni ma ka ano, nae, e like me na mea he nui kiʻiʻoniʻoni, iloko i ka ikaika nohona noʻonoʻo loi.

I ka mana o nā kala like

Ginsberg ka kālai'āina hana i ikaika kaheaia libertarian,: wahi a kona poetic koho o ka kanaka olelo a hiki i ka kuʻuna ano. Ma ka hapalua like-1960s, ka mea, ua pili loa me ka counterculture, a me ka antiwar neʻeʻana pili. He ua hana a ua malama aku i ka papa kōnane hoʻonohonoho o "pua mana", ka wā antiwar demonstrators koi no ka 'oluʻolu cia, e like me ka malu a me ke aloha, e dramatize lākou kū'ē i ka make a me ka luku, kena ae la ma ke kaua ma Vietnam.

I ka hoʻohana 'ana o nā waihoʻoluʻu a pau, bele, ka minoʻaka a me mantras (laa mele) no kekahi manawa ua lilo commonplace i waena o nā demonstrators. I ka makahiki 1967, Ginsberg i ka hoʻokuhikuhi o ka " 'ohi' o nāʻohana o kanaka ola" - he hanana i i lawe mai i ka ho o ka Hindu haipule ahaaina. Ka mea, ua ka mua ee-nohona ahaaina, a ua lilo i ulu ai i na tausani o na mea e ae. I ka makahiki 1969, ka wā kekahi o ka antiwar activists o ke kahua i kekahi "Exorcism o ka Pentagon," Ginsberg i kākau i ka mantra no ia. He ua no hoi he hoike no ka hoakaka ana'ku i ka hookolokolo ana, "Chicago,ʻehiku", ma i Anati-kaua activists i kauoha me "kipi i holo moku'āina laina no e hoʻolālā i ka haunaele."

protesters

I kekahi manawa, pili aupuni ha awina Ginsberg, kena ae la i kekahi naoh mai ke kānāwai mākaʻi keʻena ma lalo nei. He Ua hopuia ma ka Anati-kaua, h ÷ ike i loko o New York i ka makahiki 1967 a me ka poe i hoopuehuia'ku a me ka waimaka kinoea i ka kemokalaka National Convention ma Chicago i ka makahiki 1968. I ka makahiki 1972, ua hoopaaia oia no ka komo i loko o hōʻike e kū'ē laila-Peresidena Richarda Niksona ma ka Republican National Convention ma Miami. I ka makahiki 1978, ua hopu ia oia, a me kona longtime hoa Peter Orlovsky no ka paleʻana i ke alahao, e hooki aku i ka huakaʻi me ka radioactive neoneo e hele mai ana, mai ka mea kanu "pōhaku Mākaha" hua kaua-papa plutonium ma Hawaii.

King May

Ginsberg ka kālai'āina hana hāʻawi akula iā ia i ka pilikia i loko o nā'āina. I ka 1965 kipa ia Cuba me ka correspondent no Evergreen Review. ohumu e pili ana i ka iapaau ana o gays ma ke Kulanui o Havana ma hopeʻo ia, a huli ia Ginsberg i ke aupuni me ka noi 'ana e haʻalele i ke aupuni. I ia makahiki, no ka haku mele hele i Czechoslovakia, kahi āna i koho "King o Mei" ma na tausani o ka Czech poe kanaka. I kekahi lā, i ka Czech aupuni noi aku la ia ia, e haʻalele, no ka mea, ua "untidy, a haule." Ginsberg iho ho'ākāka i kona expulsion ma ka mea i ka Czech huna makai, ua mokuahana ua me ka mau apono, "ka mea ma kaʻumiʻumi paha Amelika screwy poʻe hoʻokalakupua haku mele".

nani

Kekahi pilikia, a i ka lewa i loko o Ginsberg ka poetry, ua i ke kākauʻana ma luna o ka uhane a me ka mystical. Kona kuleana i loko o kēia mau helu wahie ma ka moʻo o na hihio, i kona kipa ma ka heluhelu poetry o William Blake. hoomanao Allen Ginsberg "hohonu loa sepulchral leo i loko o ka lumi," oia koke, me ka manaʻo, i ka leo o Blake. He hou ia "me he mau 'kani i mea poinaʻole, no ka mea, nana aku la me ina ke Akua i ke kanaka leo a me nā mea a pau i ka mana no ka palupalu, a patriarchal, a me nā kino luhi i ke ola Mea nana i hana, huli mai ai i kana keiki." Na hihio ua hoala ae lakou i ka uku hoopanee ma ka mysticism, ka mea i alakai i ka haku mele i ka? Aiaiiuie hoʻokolohua me ka okoa ai '. Ua Ua hope koi Allen Ginsberg, "E aoa" i kākau ai ma lalo o ka aoao o ka peyote, "Kaddish" - hoomaikai i amphetamines a "Wales - kipa" - me ke kōkua o LSD.

Ma hope o ka holo ana i India i ka 1962, a ma ia halawai mai la ia me ka noonoo ana a me ka Yoga, Ginsberg hoʻololi i kona e pili ana i ka ai '. He ua hoomaopopoia e noonoo ana a me ka Yoga meaʻoi e hoala kaʻike o keʻano, akā, i manaoio hallucinogens pono no ka kākau poetry. Psychedelics, i mai la oia, i ka Lolina o ka Yoga a me ka mea o ka ike paka i noiʻi.

Huli ana i Hoʻomana Buda

Ginsberg like o ka hikina hoomana ana i hoomaka ai ma hope o ka puka o ko lākou mau mantras, rhythmic nā oli hoʻohana i ka uhane hana. Lākou hoʻohana 'ana o ka pāpana, hanu a me ka walaʻauʻana leo, i aku la ia ia i kekahiʻano o ka poetry. Ma kekahi poem ia i komo i loko o ke kikokikona o ka mantra, haliu ae la ia i ka hana i loko o kekahi ano o ka pule. Poetryʻikepili, ua make pinepine hoʻomaka me ka repetition o mantras, e hana i ka naʻau i loko akau. Kona kuleana i ka hikina hoomana ana e ho'ōla alakai aku la ia ia i ka möneka Chogyam Trungpa, he Buddhist'Abota mai Tibet, a i ka ikaika ma luna o kaʻike hoʻokumu o Ginsberg. I ke kakahiaka nui 1970s, ka haku mele i haʻawina ma ke kula, Trungpa ma Hawaii, a me kekahi aʻo poetry. I ka makahiki 1972, Allen Ginsberg i ka Bodhisattva mau hoʻohikiʻana formally hookama Hoʻomana Buda.

Ke kumu nui, ao ke ano o ka aʻo Trungpa mea he 'ano o ka noonoo ana, i kapaia o shamatha, i noʻonoʻo ma kou iho hanu. E like me ia Ginsberg, e hiki aku ai i mālie i ka naau, ke ÿole mechanical? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka manaʻo a me ka manao-pepa; Ua hiki aku i ka exacerbation o lākou kaʻike a me ka 'ike ai. Ka puke "hanu o ke kumu", hoolilo ia Trungpa, he mau poem palapala me ke kōkua o ke shamatha noonoo ana.

Mai lole popopo i ka waiwai

I ka 1974, Allen Ginsberg a me kona colleague, Enn Valdman hoʻokumu i kekahi kula o disembodied poetics Jack Kerouac me he lālā o ka Institute o Naropa. E like me ka mea haku mele, o ka hope loa manaʻo ua e hookupaa nui ae i ka paʻa kilokilo kulanui i loko o ka Kipeka moolelo, ma kahi e loaʻa nā kumu i nā haumāna e noho pu ana ma ka ia hale, a e hana no nā haneri o ka makahiki, a. No ka ao a me kēia hui kūkāʻana i loko o ke kula Ginsberg ua o Laielohelohe ia koʻikoʻi moʻolelo like Diane di Aloha manga, Ron Padgett a me Uilyam Berrouz. Correlating kona poetry me ka hoihoi i loko o ka uhane, Ginsberg koke mai la oia i ka hou o ka poetry mea heʻano o ka hoʻoponopono-ike no ka pakiko-? Ienoai, hookuuia ka ike iho, i oe mea ole. He Heʻano o oaka ae la kona mau ano a me ka wahine paha, a me kona ego, e like me ka naauao o ka hapa o oe ia oe iho mai mai o ia.

Ginsberg ua hoano e i ka palapala, ai 'like paha o ka mea i kapaia "mai ka lole popopo i ka waiwai" - ". Pantheon o' Amelika moʻokalaleo" mai kona hoi koke ana "ʻino" hana, i makau a nema aku no kona lohi inclusion i loko o ka He ua kekahi o ka loa influential haku mele o kona hanauna, a, e like me James Mersmana, "i ka huahelu nui i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka poetry."

nā makahiki

Documentary filmmaker Dzherri Aronsona "Life a me Times o Allen Ginsberg" Ua hookuu i ka 1994. I ka hookahi makahiki, Stanford University uku i ka haku mele o ka miliona dala no kona kino Archive. New poem a me ka hoiliili ana i mua hana Ginsberg hana mau ia e hoolaha mau. A me kana mau palapala, Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke a hiki kiʻi o ka pa-nā hoapili i 'ae i ka hou nana i ke ola a me ka hana ana o ka haku mele.

Ma ke kupulau o 1997 i loko o nā mea maʻi e loaa ana mai ka mimikō mellitus a me ka maʻi hepatitis Ginsberg i diagnosed me ka ake maʻi 'aʻai. Ma hope o këia i kēia maʻi, palapala iho la oia koke 12 pōkole poem. I kekahi lā, i ka haku mele i ae aku i ka hahauʻana, a haule iho la i loko o ka coma. He make mau lā ma hope. Ka "New York Times" wahi a a hui hou i ka la Uilyam Berrouz, ka mea i kapa ia, "he nui ke kanaka me ka honua ole."

Allen Ginsberg: Book

Verses hala mau makahiki, i ohi i ka haku mele i ka ola i loko o ka puke "Make a me ka nani:. Poem, 1993-1997" Kēia buke nā hana i hana koke Allen aʻo e pili ana i kona maʻi hope. Lako hoʻopuka pule ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka ohi like "he lea culmination o ke aliʻi ke ola." Ray Olson a me Dzhek Helberg, kākau i loko o Booklist, loaʻa poem Ginsberg ka "anaiia, ina i koiia mai," a me Rochelle Ratner ma ka loiloi 'ana o ka Waihona Puke Pai memo i mau "he nui loa hoike o ka palupalu a me ka malama."

Kekahi posthumous ka paʻi o Ginsberg - "Deliberate Ana Aina: i wae '(essay), 1952-1995" - Ua oi ma mua o 150 (essay) ma luna o ke kumuhana o nukelea mea kaua, i ke kaua ma Vietnam, censorship, na haku mele me Walt Whitman, a pepehi hou Gregory Corso, a me nā moʻomeheu malamalama, a me John Lennon a me ka mea paʻi Robert Frank. Manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni Mea hoʻopuka pule hoonani aku i ka puke i "kekahi manawa ono, kekahi manawa makaʻuʻole," a me ka hui pu ana ia mea "maopopo leʻa, e resonate me ka laulā huahelu o kânaka o ka haku mele." Booklist loaʻa Ginsberg (essay) "oi ole ma mua o ka hapanui o kona mau poem."

A aniani mai o kona manawa

Like Ginsberg makemake makemake e hoomanao ai ia ia? E like me ia ia ia, e like me kekahi i loko o ka kahiko Amelika mooolelo o transcendental individualism, mai ka mea kahiko Gnostic kula Thoreau, Emerson, Whitman, ka mea i loaʻa iā ia i loko o ka XX kenekulia. hookahi Ginsberg wehewehe ia mai o nā mea a pau i ke kanaka nawaliwali ia mea tolerant loa i ka huhu; i kona mau hoa ia loa mahalo i ka calmness a me ka moe no ka palupalu; kona maikaʻi hana ua "articulation o manaʻo i loko o ka huakai." "Like ia paha ole, i kekahi 'aʻole e noonoo i kona manawa me Mr. Ginsberg", - manao i ka Economist loiloi. "He ua he uwapo ma waena o ka palapala, ai 'avant-garde a me ka Pop moʻomeheu."