Ua paa ka mea pōaka a me ka amorphous kino. Aniani - no laila, i kapaʻia i loko o kahiko hau. A laila, ka mea hele mai i ke kapa pōaka aniani a me ka rhinestone, e noonoo pono i kēia mau nā minelala hao petrified hau. ʻO nā pōaka i kona ano maoli a me ke kanaka-i (kemikala). Ka mea, i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka Jewelry hana, optics, uilaʻoe a me ka uila' enekinia, me Kākoʻo i nā kumumea i loko o kiʻekiʻe-miomio mea kani like superhard abrasive mea.
Mea pōaka puaʻa hiwa i wehewehe aku ma ka paakiki, i ka pololei mauʻoihana ma ka makahiki o nā lātoma, nā'ātoma a me Ion, ma ia ho okumu i ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika ekolu-dimensional aniani puka olu oia i ( 'ole). Externally, ka mea, ua kaheaia mau paa palapala symmetry o ke kino a me ka kekahi physical waiwai. Ma ka mawaho ano o ke aniani kino Hōʻike 'o ka hoʻomaopop' ana i symmetry i loko o ka "'ōpala" kipi o na (particles). Kēia e hoʻoholo i ka like o ka pana pua ma waena o nā maka o nā nā pōaka a pau oia hoi o na ia waiwai.
Ka mea, e like me ka mamao mai ka piko a hiki i konu ma waena o kokoke nā'ātoma (ina ka mea, i ke aupuni 'ma ka hookahi pololei laina, keia mamao e ia i ka ia ma ka lōʻihi o ka laina). Akā, no nā'ātoma e moe ana ma ka laina pololei mai ka 'ē aʻe kuhikuhi, ka loihi, e ia i kaʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ioauoa o na nā'ātoma. Kēia buke no ka anisotropy. Anisotropy - loa importantly, oko mai amorphous mea pōaka puaʻa hiwa.
More ma mua o 90% puaʻa hiwa hiki e wahi ana i nā pōaka. Ma ke ano maoli, e nei i loko o ka palapala o ka hookahi nā pōaka a me polycrystalline Eia kekahi laʻana. Single nā pōaka - hookahi, facets o i i na poe e mau polygons; ka mea, e wehewehe aku ma ke alo aku o ke ana aniani puka olu oia, a me ka anisotropy o physical waiwai.
Polycrystals - he kino iloko olaila o na mea he nui liʻiliʻi nā pōaka, "fused" me kekahi i kekahi i kekahi mau mea erratically. Polycrystals i ke hooheheeia, kōpaʻa, pohaku, one. Ma ia mau kino (e laʻa me, he mea hiki ke hooheheeia apana nahaha) anisotropy mea,ʻaʻole IeAUPIIe, IAa IO akaka no i ka huikau ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha o na kumu mua, naʻe kaawale ia aniani anisotropy ano o ke kino.
Other waiwai o ka mea pōaka mea: wela pololei i ho'ākāka ' crystallization a me ka mahele heheʻe i ka helu (i ke alo o ka noho pilikia kumu), ikaika, elasticity, conductivity, koko, ka wela conductivity.
Amorphous - loaa ole shape. No ia literally unuhi ia mai ka olelo Helene, o hua'ōlelo. Amorphous kino i hana ma ke ano. No ka laʻana, Amber, nahaehae, lua pele aniani. Ma ka pili anaʻimi hoʻopunipuni amorphous puaʻa hiwa komo kanaka - aniani a me ka kēpau (ʻimi hoʻopunipuni), paraffin, Ka lula ea Ke (polymers), rosin, naphthalene, var. Amorphous waiwai e mai i ke aniani puka olu oia i ku i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha chaotic o nā lātoma (nā'ātoma, Ion) i loko o ke kino 'ole. No laila, i ke kino ai ka waiwai o kekahi amorphous isotropic kino - ka ia i loko o nāʻaoʻao. No ka amorphous mea, aohe mea i pilikia wela mahele heheʻe i ka wahi, ka mea, i nā hoopalupaluia maluna hahana maoli nō kēia, a huli i loko o ÷ wai. Amorphous kino anao? Aou waena (hoʻololi) kahua ma waena o ke kinowai a me ka mea pōaka puaʻa hiwa: ka mea, hoopaakiki a lilo laholio hou i crack ka wā pepehi shapeless popo palaoa ma haʻahaʻa mahana. Ma kiʻekiʻe mahana, i kēia mau kumu mua ho'āʻo ductility, e lilo ana h ÷ ke kinowai.
Ano, ia oe i ka mea a ke aniani kino!