Ana A .: Kawaihae a me ka Hawaii photo

Ana A. - Empress, lilo ae la kekahi o ka iconic huahelu o ka mōʻaukala o Rusia XVIII kenekulia. Ua hoʻomaka 'ana i ka ai-kapa makahiki o nā wāhine ma luna o ka noho aliʻi Lūkini. Ua i kekahi kanaka o ka ikaika politika makemake paha lehulehu i mindset, akā, ma muli o ke 'ano ua haʻalele kona hoailona ma ka mōʻaukala o ka Fatherland. O kahi o Ana I - mua wahine, alaila wahine o Peter I, a ma hope o ka piha luna o ka Lūkini moku'āina.

mua mea huna. kamaliʻi

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i na makahiki i kakahiaka nui o keia kanaka, a laila, me kaʻikeʻole e hele mai i ka hopena i na mea pohihihi a me uncertainties i loko o kona Kawaihae o ka oi ma mua o maoli ike. Nō mai i kona mau wahi o ke kumu a me ka ohana, - ma hope o oi ma mua o 300 makahiki ma hope o kona hanau ana, moʻolelo hiki ole haawi aku i mau olelo.

E like me ka hiki i kekahi mana, Ekaterina A. i hanau April 5, 1684 i loko o ka ohana o Lituania (a malia o Lakawia) kua'āina i loko o ka wahi o ka Ķegums, i i aia i loko o ka Mokuna wahi Widzew. A laila, i kēia mau panalāʻau e noho, he mau hapa o ka mea ikaika loa o ka Kuekene moku'āina.

Kekahi mana paipai i kona'Ōlelo'Esetonia aʻa. Ka mea, i kāna moʻolelo i supposedly ia i hānau i loko o ke kūlanakauhale kēia o Tartu ua kapaia ma ka pau 'ana o ke kenekulia XVII Dorpat. Akā, hōʻikeʻia nō ia ia i ole i kiekie ma ka hanau, a hele mai, mai ka waena mai o ka peasantry.

Ma nā makahiki, he mea kekahi mana. Ana ka makua kāne o Samuel Skavronsky, i mālama ai me Kazimierz Yanu Sapegi. Once ia i hee aku ai i Livonia,ʻo ia i noho ai i loko o ka Apana o Marienburg, ma ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka' ohana.

Aia He hoʻokahi hou nuance. Ana A. - Russian Alii - i ole i ia i ka inoa ma lalo i hele ae la ia ma ka mōʻaukala. Kona maoli inoa - Skavronskaya, o Mareta kono inoa, o ke kaikamahine o Samuʻela. Akā, lapuwale wahine me ka ia inoa kūlana 'o ka noho aliʻi, no laila, ua loaa i ka hou "palapala holo'āina'ēʻikepili" a lilo Mihaylova Ekaterina Alekseevna.

I ka mea pohihihi o ka lua. boyhood

Ma Europa, i loko o kēlā mau makahiki i kakahiaka nui ka mea, ua nō he pilikia maʻi. A me kona 'ohana i kēia pilikia hiki ole ke käpae'. E like me ka hopena, i ka makahiki o ka hānau o Martha mai "Black ka Make" pepehi kona mau makua. Aia ua wale nō koʻu makua kāne, ka mea i hikiʻole ke lawe i nā kuleana o ka makua, pela au i haawi aku i ke kaikamahine i ka ohana o Ernst Gluck, ka mea i he Lutheran kahu hipa. Ma ke ala,ʻo ia ke kaulana unuhi ana o ka Baibala i loko o ka Lakawia 'ōlelo. I ka 1700, hoomaka ae la ka War Northern, i ka papa kuhikuhiE kue koa a pau Kuekene a me Rusia. I ka 1702, i ka Lūkini koa makani ino mai ai i ka impregnable pā Marienburg. Ma hope iho o ia Ernst Gluck Marta i hoouna mai ai i Moscow me he pio. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ma lalo o ka noho kahu hipa loaa ana mai Fagetsiya noho ihola i loko o kona hale, i loko o ka Kelemānia hapaha. Ia March - Ana A. wā e hiki mai - i aʻo i ka heluhelu, a kākau, a ua i loko o ka hale me ke kaikamahine.

I ka mana na ma Brockhaus a Efron haawi nā hōʻike, ma a kona makuwahine i ole make i ke ahulau, akā, lilo kana kane. Ka wahine kāne make,ʻo ia i puʻe wale, e hāʻawi aku i kāna kaikamahine i loko o ka ohana o ka mea hookahi Gluck. A me keia mana mai nei ia ia i aʻo i ka heluhelu, a kākau, a me nā akamai.

A kolu o ka mana, ma ka Gluck ka ohana, ua hele mai ma luna o hiki 12 makahiki o ka makahiki. Mua March Veselovskaya noho me Anne-Marie, mai konaʻanakē. Ma 17 ka mea, ua mare he Swede Ioganna Kruze mua o ka hoouka ana o ka Lūkini poʻe hao wale ma luna o ka Marienburg pakaua. Ma hope o 1 a me 2 lā ka mea, he e lawelawe i loko o ke kaua, i kahi āna i nalowale.

Kēia mau mea pohihihi o ka hānauʻana a me ka i kakahiaka nui makahiki o Hoamakeikekula kanaka me Ana A .. Kawaihae ka mea, aole ia i komo i ka 100% ike, mai kēia wahi ma luna, ka mea e nō hōʻikeʻano keʻokeʻo mau kiko o.

Field Ilamuku Sheremetev ma Ana ka ola

Lūkini poʻe hao wale i ka hoʻomaka o ka Great Northern Kaua ma Livonia alakaʻi Sheremetev. He e hoʻokele i ka hoʻopio i ka papa kuhikuhiE pā Marienburg, ma hope i ka papa kuhikuhiE koa o ka Swedes nee aku ia. Kiekie o ka pale ole kae o ka ruthless pio. He Hoike i ka Russian Tsar ma ke kēia mau alanui: "... hoouna aku i loko o nā mea a pau kuhikuhi, e kuni i ka mea a me ka hopu, ka mea a pau, aohe mea i koe i ka na kanaka a me na wahine lawe pio, a pau i hōkaiʻia, a puhi aku Aʻale e hana ana i na lio, a me nā holoholona i loko o ka nui o ka 20 000, ke koena kua ia, a okoa e .. ".

Ma ka pakaua, Field Ilamuku hoopio 400 kanaka. He noi no ka hopena o na noho i hele mai i ka Sheremetev kahu hipa Ernst Gluck, a eia ka mea, ua (Sheremetev) ike Ana A., i laila i ka inoa Marta Kruze i. Ka poe kahiko Ilamuku i hoouna mai a pau, a noho Gluck ma Moscow, March ia ikaika i ka haku wahine. A mau mahina ma hope iho ua kāna haiā wahine, a laila, i loko o ka wela o ka hakakā Menshikov i kona Martha mai ua pili i kona ola ana me ka hou koa, a me ka pili aupuni alakaʻi, he kokoke Ally o Petero.

Version e Peter Genri Bryusa

Ma ka hou ano mōhai no ka Ana iho i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o kona mau memoirs nā hanana Scot Bruce. E like me ia, ma hope o ka hopu ana o Marienburg Martha i Baur - Colonel Dragoons, a me ka nui o ka wā e hiki mai.

E hoonoho ia ma ka hale, Baur aoaoia mai ia ia e hana housework. Ua loaʻa iā ia ke kuleana e hoʻolilo poe hana. He aha kāna hanaʻano noʻiau, like me ka hopena hoʻolimalima i ke aloha a me ka mahalo ana o kona mau subordinates. Hope General hoʻomanaʻo aʻela ia i kona hale, ma mua ka mea, ua ai maemae a me ka tidy loa, e like me ia ma March. Once Prince Menshikov, Baur ka koke kūlana, ua i loko o kona makaikai, iloko a ke kaikamahine i kekahi la ua Ana A .. Photos i loko o kēlā mau makahiki iʻole e hoʻopio iā ia, akā, Menshikov kuhikuhi ia hana lehalehu t hiʻona a me mannerisms. He lilo hoihoi i loko o March, a noi e pili ana ia ma ka Baur. Ma kekahi, ina ua ike pehea e kukeʻana a me ka mālama i ka hale. He loaa ka affirmative ia. A laila, Prince Menshikov aku la i kona hale mea maoli maikai me ka hooponopono a me ka pono ia i loko o ka wahine e like mākou heroine.

Baur Ua ikaika e paa ana i ke alii, a ma hope o kēia mau'ōlelo, i kapaia o Mareta, a'ī akula i kona Menshikov - kona hou mea nana ka waiwai. Heʻoiaʻiʻo i ka Haku ia ia e ia he maikai kākoʻo iā ia i loko o ka hale, a me ka 'ē aʻe, e hiki ke hilinai aku maluna o. Eia hou, i ka hoomaikai ua mahaloia Mareta Baur, i kona "waiwai, e loaa i ke kaʻana like 'ana o ka hanohano a me ka pōmaikaʻi." Pale Mai ia manawa, Ana I Alekseevna hele e noho i loko o ka hale o Prince Menshikov. Ua ua 1703.

Ka mua halawai me Ana Peter

I kekahi o kona mau pinepine kipa i Menshikov Tsar Peter I halawai, a laila, huli i kona haku wahine, Martha. Ua haʻalele palapala hoike no ko lakou halawai mua.

Menshikov noho i loko o St. Petersburg (laila - Nienschanz). Peter hele i Livonia, akā, makemake e noho ai me kona mau hoa Menshikov. Ia ia po, ua ike mua i kona darling. Ua lilo Ana A. - he wahine (i loko o ka wā e hiki mai) Petra Velikogo. I ka po, ua lawelawe ia ma ka papa. Ke alii noi i ka Menshikov, i ia mea, pehea a me kona wahi i hiki kuai ia. Alaila, nana aku la lōʻihi a me ka paakiki o Petero ma Ana i ka mea e ho'ōla iā Kamehameha i mai la ia ia, Ua lawe aku la ia ia i ke kukui ma mua ana i ka hiamoe. Naʻe, i kēia i ka'ōlelo hoʻomakeʻaka ma ke kauoha, i hiki ole hoole. Ia po ka mea, malaila pu. Peter haʻalele i ke kakahiaka, ma ka mahalo, alaila, haalele iho ia 1 Ducat, militarily kau Martha ka lima o kona ma māheleʻana.

Ka mea, ua ka mea mua e halawai me ke alii, he kauwa kaikamahine ka mea i destined e lilo i empress. Kēia halawai ua mea nui, no ka mea, ina ka mea, i ole hiki mai ai, o Petero ina aole au i ike e pili ana i ke ola ana o ka ia ka hana kaikamahine.

I ka 1710, ma ka mea o ka lanakila ma ka kaua o Poltava triumphal huakaʻi i hoonohonoho ia ma Moscow. By wahi, e paʻa pio Kuekene kaua. Sources aku nei au i waena o lākou, i ke kane o Ana Iogann Kruze. I mai la ia i ke kaikamahine nona mai ke hanau i kekahi keiki ma hope o kekahi alii, o kana wahine. I ka hopena o kēia mau hua'ōlelo lilo kona hoʻokuewa wale 'ia i loko o Siberia, kahi i make ai i ka 1721.

Haku wahine, Petra Velikogo

ʻO kēia ka makahiki, ma hope o ka mea mua e halawai me ke alii o Ana I Alekseevna kana keiki mua, ka mea i kapaia o Petero, o ka makahiki ma hope ia ia he keiki lua - Paul. koke aku la laua i make. Ke alii i kapa ia Marta Vasilevskaya, paha ma konaʻanakēʻohana. I ka 1705 ua hoʻoholo iholaʻo ia e lawe iā ia i ona lā, a waiho i loko o ka hale o kona kaikuahine Natalie ma ka hoopahaohaoia'na. March malaila aʻo i ka heluhelu, a kākau Russian, a me nā hoa a me ka Menshikov ohana.

I ka 1707 a 1708 March Skavronskaya hoohuliiaʻi i Orthodoxy. Ma hope iho o ka bapetizo ana, ua loaa i ka hou inoa - Ekaterina Alekseevna Mihaylova. Middle inoa, ua loaa ma ka inoa o kona godfather, a hoao iho la ia Tsarevich Aleksey, i ka i kapaia i haawiia mai e Petero, no ka mea, ke koe incognito.

Ka wahine o Petra Velikogo

Ana i ka wahine aloha o Petero, ka mea, o ke aloha o kona ola. Ae, ia ia he nui helu o novels a me ka hana malu a, akā, ua aloha wale kekahi kanaka - kona Martha. Ua ike ia. Peter I, e like me ko oukou ike ana, mai ka memoirs o nā wā, i ae loa headaches. No kekahi'ē aʻe hiki ke hana me ia. Ana A. i kona "analgesic". A lohe ke alii i ka hoʻomaka 'kekahi kaua, ua noho iho la kekahi ia ia, na poohiwi o ia ia, aʻo Kūhiō i kona poo no kekahi mau minuke, ia hiamoe soundly. Ma ka hoala mai la, o ka manaʻo kōkua hou,ʻoliʻoli, makaukau no ka hou ho'āʻo.

Ma ke kupulau o 1711, e hoʻomaka ana i loko o ka Prut kai eʻe, o Petero houluulu kokoke i loko o ka hoopahaohaoia'na, lawe mua ia kona poe i waeia kekahi, a'ī akula ia, mai kēia manawa ma luna o ka mea pono a pau e noonoo pono ka wahine a me ka mō'īwahine. No hoi, i mai la oia, ina makeʻo ia ma mua o kona hiki mare, a laila ia e nā mea a pau e noʻonoʻo i ke kupono hooilina a hiki i ka nohoalii Lūkini.

Ka ahaaina mare i wahi wale nō i loko o 1712, Pepeluali 19, ma ka ekalesia Isaakiya Dalmatskogo. Mai ia manawa, Ana A. - wahine o Petero. Ka hui Ua ikaika pili i kekahi i kekahi, o ka oi aku o Petero. He makemake e ike ia wahi: ke kaolo o ka moku, koa nāʻana, na aiiia.

Children o Petero, a Ana

Katerinushka i ke aliʻi i kapa ia, i hanau i 10 keiki Petero, naʻe, ka hapanui o ia mau mea make i loko oʻuʻuku mai (e nānā. Table).

Wale nō mau o kana mau kaikamahine ua ua hoʻopili hou ia pili mōʻaukala o ka Romanov aliʻi. Ana ka kaikamahine Elizabeth Alekseevna alii i ka aina no maluna o 20 makahiki, a me na mamo o Anna alii iho la oia Rusia, mai 1762 a hiki i ka haule ana o ke aupuni mō'ī i ka 1917.

Pii a hiki i ka noho aliʻi

E like me oe i ike, o Petero ua hoomanao i ke alii-reformer. Me ka mahalo i ka succession kaʻina hana,ʻaʻoleʻo ia i pale aku i ka ninau. I ka 1722 ma keia wahi i lawe mai mihi ma i ka hooilina a hiki i ka nohoalii i ole lilo i ka mua o na kane laina mamo, a me ka mea nana i hoonoho mai hana kiaaina. E like me ka hopena, i ke kia'āina ke ia i kekahi kumuhana.

November 15, 1723 Peter puka i ka manifesto i ho'āliʻi aku iā haʻi Ana. Ke loa poni i wahi May 7, 1724.

Ka hope pule o kona ola ana, o Petero ua maʻi ikaika. A i ka wā Ana ike i ka mea e ole loaa mai ka maʻi, ua kauoha Prince Menshikov, a helu Tolstoy i ka mea i ka mea, i ua hana ia,ʻo ka poʻe i loko o ka mana ma konaʻaoʻao, e like me Petero i ole haʻalele i ka makemake.

January 28, 1725 a me ke kākoʻo mai o ka poʻe kiaʻi, a me ka hapanui o nā aliʻi Ana i kukala aku ai i Empress, ka hooilina Petra Velikogo.

Velikaya Ekaterina Alekseevna a hiki i ka nohoalii Lūkini

Russian imperial mana i ka noho alii ana o Ana i ole autocratic. ʻaneʻane mana i loko o nā lima o ka Ahakukamalu, akā, ua kūkākūkāʻia i kona olelo e lilo i ka Senate, a ua ma lalo Ana ka Nui Kapa hou i ke Senate. Kona palena mana i haawi ia me Prince Menshikov, ka mea nana i Martha Skavronskaya ke Kauna Sheremetev.

Ana A. - Empress me ka lehulehu mea. Ua ua i hoihoi i loko o ka moku'āina, e kau i nā mea a pau i ka hopohopo i loko o ka Menshikov, Tolstoy, a ua hana i ka 1726 o ka Ahakukamalu. Ka hoihoi ana i wale i ka kuwaho, a oi loa aku hoi i ka'auwaʻa, a i pū i hiki ia ia mai o kana kane. Senate ma na makahiki i lilo kona kuleana keiki. All palapala hoʻomohalaʻia e ka Aha Kukamalu, a me ka Empress ua he mea hana o ko lākou mau inoa.

Lōʻihi makahiki o ka noho alii ana o Petero au i noho i loko o ia a eia kaua, i ke kaumaha o ka i ua loa kau ma luna o nā poʻohiwi o ka maʻamau kanaka. Ia mea, mai kēia māluhiluhi. I ka Ia manawa i ka ino ohi ai i loko o ka mahiai, o ka uku o ka berena, e ala. Ke aupuni i hana i ka Makamae kulana home 'ole. I mea e somehow defuse ia, Ana i kuʻu iho kino, auhau mai ka 74 a hiki i 70 keneta. Hânau 'ia March Skavronskaya, Eia naʻe, i ole oko ma kā lākou mau reformist ano, i i haawiia mai kona namesake - 2 Ana A., a i kaupalena' kona lehulehu hanana hulina i haʻahaʻa hihia. Oiai ke aupuni ua kanuʻiaʻo ia ma ka aihue a me ka arbitrariness ma ka honua.

Ilihune ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka 'ole-komo ma lehulehu noho ana nae i hoʻonele i ke aloha i kona poe kanaka i ka - ia ua kanu ia ma laila. Ana olioli kōkua poino a me ka noi ana i ke kōkua pono kanaka, o kekahi poe makemake e ike i kona godmother. E like me ka rula, ua loa hoole a me ka ae godson i kekahi mau ducats.

1 Ekaterina Alekseevna ua ma ka mana no elua wale nō makahiki - mai ka 1725 a hiki i 1727 la. Iloko o keia manawa, e wehe i ka Academy o Sciences, hoʻonohonoho, a hua mai la ia e Bering ka huakaʻi, e like me ka Papa Hanohano o St. Aleksandra Nevskogo hoʻolauna.

Ka make ana o

Petero i ka make ma hope, Ana ka ola, hoomaka ae la e milo: masquerades, kala, Kuʻu, nui ke olonā wāwae i kona ola. I 'Apelila 1727, i ka 10th, ka Empress hina maʻi, cough mahuahua, hoike mai na hoailona o ka akemāmā ka pōʻino. Ana I ka make i ka mea o ka manawa. Ola ka mea, ua emi mai o ka mahina.

May 6, 1727, ma ke ahiahi, ma ka 9 hora, Ana make. He 43 makahiki. Ma mua o kona make ana i palapala kauoha i ole ka Empress ke kakau, no laila ua i ka inoa o kana kaikamahine Elizabeth. ka mea, ua like me ka makemake o ka noho aliʻi, e lawe Peter A., moopuna o Emperor Peter I.

Peter I Ana A., a ua he mau maikai. Ka mea, kākoʻo mau ola kekahi i kekahi i ka. Ana hana magically, reassuringly ma ia ia, o Petero, ma ka huli, a koi aku i kona maloko ikehu. Ma hope o kona make ana, Ana i ka i koe manawa hoolilo ia i loko o festivities a me ka inu ana bouts. He nui nā mea hōʻike koi i kona pono makemake e hoʻopoina, kekahi olelo o kona babbling ano. Ma kekahi hihia, na kanaka aloha ia ia, na kanaka, ua ike pehea e hooponopono ia lakou iho, a empress koe ole maoli mana i loko o ko lākou mau lima. 1 Ekaterina Alekseevna e hoomaka ana i ka au o ka noho alii ana o na wahine i loko o ka Russian aupuni a pau, a koe ma ka helm a i ka hopena o ka XVIII kenekulia, me ka pōkoleʻanuʻu o kekahi mau makahiki.