'anatomia aorta a me kona lālā

Ke aorta o ka nui loa ipu i loko o ke kino o ka lōʻihi, a anawaena a me ka leo o ke koko, naʻe ka mea hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kūpono koko o nā mea a pau nā loko, a nenoai. Pathology o ka nui artery i loko o ke kanaka kino i ka hopena maikaʻi 'ole ma luna o ka hana a pau nā loko, moku i ke koko i lala aku ma lalo o ka' ilikai o ka lesion.

aortic'anatomia

Conventionally, keia moku nui ua lilo i ekolu, ma muli o kona ao ao:

• Pii Oihana.
• Aortic e pio mai'anatomia i ua hana i kaawale.
• E iho mai ana hapa. Keia Oihana o ka loihi. Ua welau a ma ka wanaao o ka ha lumbar vertebra. Eia hoʻomaka ka mea, he pono ole iliac artery, a i hookaawale ai i ka abdominal aorta.

Anatomia a me ka 'äina

Pii aorta hele mai ana mai loko mai o ka ventricle hema. A i hiki aku ai i ka lua o ka iwiʻaoʻao, e hele aku i loko o ka ai-kapaia piʻo, a, curving ana i ka hema, i ka pae ana o ka ha thoracic vertebra Pńk'pika ma ka lalo loa.

aortic'anatomia a me ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha no kona 'iniha, a me ka papa kuhikuhiE lālā o ka na nā loko pili i ka' ē aʻe ma kekahi pae o ka nui i loko o këia ka 'ole o ka thoracic a me ka abdominal cavities.

thorax

Lālau aʻela ia i ka luna kiʻekiʻe o ka ha thoracic vertebra, ka thoracic Hoʻohana o ka aorta ua kuhikuhi kūpono kou hoʻopapakū e kō ana, ua aia i loko o ka posterior mediastinum. I ka pono o ka aorta i loko o kēia wahi moe i ka thoracic leki uea , a unpaired Vienna; hema - He'āpana o ka parietal pleura.

abdominal Oihana

E hoʻomaka ana keia i hookaawale ia e hele i ka aortic mea, mawaena ae o ka like e komo ai i loko o ka diaphragm a kŰlń ao i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ha lumbar vertebra. Ke'anatomia o ka abdominal aorta i kona mau peculiarity: ka mea, ke moe ia ma ka retroperitoneal ke kelepona hele hakahaka, ma na heana o ka lumbar spine, hoopuniia e na kēia mau kino.

• i ka pono o ka mea wahaheʻe lower puha Vienna;
• mai ke alo a hiki i ka abdominal aorta e pili i ka posterior ili o na pancreas, ka papamoe Hoʻohana o ka duodenum, a me ka hapa o ke kumu o ka mesentery o ka uuku liʻiliʻi.

A hiki i ka nui o ka ha o ka vertebra lumbar Oihana, abdominal aorta i hookaawale ai i loko o nā iliac arteries. Ka mea, i ke koko lako hou i ka lalo lala (ua kapaʻia kēia wahi he bifurcation, bifurcation o ka aorta, a me ia mea i ka hopena).

I kulike ai me ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha o nā māhele o kēia nui moku'anatomia o ka aorta a me kona lālā ua noʻonoʻoʻia oihana.

Na lala piʻi 'Oihana

Kēia - ka loiloi mua ipu Oihana. Kona lōʻihi like 'ole mea uuku: no ka ventricle hema a hiki i ka cartilage o ka lua o ka iwiʻaoʻao ma ka akau.

I ka hoʻomaka o ka pii aorta mai kona lala aku akau a me ka lima hema coronary arteries, ke kahi o ke koko lako i ka naʻau o.

Na lala o ka aortic e pio mai

e pio'anatomia i ka kēia hiʻona: mai ka convex hapa originate nui arteries e lawe koko i ka puniu wale no, a keʻenaʻaoʻao. A concave hapa haawi uuku-pepa paia lālā i e ole i ka paʻa.

Mai kaʻaoʻao convex o ka aortic e pio mai kēia mau lala e haalele ai (mai ka akau a hiki i hema):

• brachiocephalic kino ( "brachiocephalic");
• haʻalele like carotid artery;
• subklavikulyarnaya haʻalele artery.

Ke concave hapa o ka piʻo, oia lahilahi arterial moku hoʻomākaukau i ka trachea a me ka bronchi. Lākou helu a me ka wahi hiki e okoa.

Branch io na Oihana

E iho mai ana aorta, ma ka huli, ua maheleia i na pauku.

1. Thoracic manaʻo ma luna o ka diaphragm;
2. Typhoid, Aia ma lalo o ka diaphragm.

Thorax:

• Parietal arterial koko kokuaia mai e na moku a hiki i na paia o ka thorax: luna diaphragmatic arteries ai manamana ai, mai ka ili o ka diaphragm o ka pahu lua, a me ka hope intercostal arterial moku haawi koko intercostal a me ka pololei abdominal nāʻiʻo, mammary gland, spinal kaula, e like meʻaeʻae'aʻaʻa o ke kua.
• Visceral moku e holo ana mai ka thoracic, ramify ma ka posterior mediastinum nā loko.

Abdominal Oihana:

• Parietal lala, ai manamana ai i loko o nā paia o ka abdominal lua (eha hui o lumbar arteries haawi na nāʻiʻo a me kaʻili lumbar, abdominal pa, lumbar spine a me spinal kaula), a me ka haahaa ili o ka diaphragm.
• Visceral arterial lālā e holo ana i ka abdominal nā loko - ka hui (ke Kalapu adrenal glands, puupaa, hoʻi a me nā ovaries, kahi arteries inoa hoʻopili like i na inoa o ka perfused nā loko) a me ka unpaired. Inoa hoʻopili like me ka inoa o ka visceral arteries perfused nā loko ia.

Ka 'ole o ka ipu pa

Ka manaʻo o "ka'anatomia o ka aorta" ka loaʻa o ka pā 'ole o ke kino i ka nui loa ke koko moku. Ka 'ole o kona pa i kekahi oko, mai ka' ole o ka pa a pau o ka'ē aʻe arteries.

Ka 'ole o ka aortic pā like penei:

• Ka pahale iwi (ka intima). Anei i ka hale ilaloʻili lahilahi hoalaala ia me ka endothelium. Endothelium 'Imi mākou ke pane i mau lepa a loaa mai ka ai hoʻolahaʻia ke koko moku, transforms ia a? Aaeaao ka pahee Muscle, ahu iho o ka moku paia.
• Tunica. Kēia ahu iho la oia ma ka aorta o circularly hoonohonoho laholio puluniu (lua 'ē aʻe arteries i loko o ke kino, i makana a me ka collagen, a malimali Muscle, a me ka laholio olona, - ao alohilohi me kekahi piha kūpono o ia). aortic'anatomia i ka hiʻona: ka waenaʻili lahilahi aortic paia ua hanaʻano nui laholio olona. awelike papa iwi mea e malama i ke kinona o ka moku, a hoʻolako kona motility. Ka waena, ahu iho o ka moku paia ua hoopuniia e interstitial waiwai (wai), i ke kumu nui loa o ka i komo iloko oʻaneʻi, mai ke koko wai koko.
• Adventitia (ka pā iwi o ka moku). Kēia connective'aʻaʻa, ahu iho ninoieoʻano nui o ka collagen olona, a me ka perivascular fibroblasts. He kaula me ke koko capillaries, a iloko ona i kakauia he nui helu o ka hopena autonomic nā aʻalolo olona. Perivascular connective, ahu iho o kekahi alakaʻi mele, a me nā lepa i kauoha ia a hiki i ka moku, a me nā lāʻau ikiʻai wale ka hoʻomakaʻana mai o ia.

Functionally a pau o nā papa o ka vascular pa i interconnected a me ka hiki ana o pū i hiki 'ike lāʻau ikiʻai wale kekahi i kekahi - nā mai ka waena, ahu iho o ka intima a me ka adventitia, a ma ka mea ku pono ka ao ao.