Board Rotehama 2. Results o Rotehama II

Ua ua olelo mai ia, inā he kanaka, aole ia i ike i ka mōʻaukala o kona hanau ana, mea, aole ia i ike i kona mau aʻa. Ma ka kekahi lima, e mākou e ano ola, a hiki i ka hopena o ka luna, ka mea i alii iho la oia i kekahi mau haneri makahiki aku nei? Akā, me ka hana pono hōʻike i ka mōʻaukala ka hoao ana, aole ia i lilo aku ka pilina i loko o kekahi au. Ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2 i ka chord hope ma ka noho alii ana o ka Romanov i nohoaliʻi ai, akā, huli mai ia no hoi e ia i ka brightest a loaʻano nui i loko o ka moʻolelo o ko mākou'āina. Ma ka 'atikala ma lalo iho nei oe, e loaa ka ike lea i kaʻohana aliʻi, oe pehea Rotehama ua 2. aʻo ke ano o ka moku'āina papa ana o kona manawa, ka oi aku i ka mihi a me ke alii ana o kona poe, e ia o ka ukupanee i ka pau.

Ka Last Emperor

Nikolai 2 i ka puu o nā inoa a me nā regalia:ʻo ia ua i ka Emperor o Rusia, Grand Duke o Finland, ke Alii o Poland. He Ua hoonohoia colonel, a me nā mō'ī i hookoia aku la ia ia i ke ano o Field Ilamuku o ka Pelekania koa a me ka moku'akimalala. Ua Ua olelo mai ia ia i nanea i ka manao a me ka hiʻona i waena o ka 'ē aʻe poʻo o ka moku'āina. He ua he kanaka o ka poe noonoo ole kamaʻilio, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, aole loa ka liu o ka hoʻoponopono-ʻia. Ma kekahi kulana, ka Auguseto aole poina ia mea, ua - Nā Mikionali a. ʻO i loko o ke pio, hale hopu i ka lā hope o kona ola ke kanaka oiaio ia i koe.

Ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2 hōʻike ia ma Lūkini lepo i ole unuhi Patriots me ka maikai manao a me ka nani mau hana no ka pono o ka Fatherland. Wā i olelo ia ma Rotehama 2 ua oi me he aliʻi ke kanaka mea-hoonaaukiekie oe, conscientious, oia mea he kuleana e hoʻokokoke i kekahi hana, a me ka manawa hākilo loa ia i ka eha o ka 'ē aʻe. He ua condescending i ka hana a pau kanaka, i na mea kauwa hiki wawe ka'ōlelo ma luna o like hua'ōlelo me kekahi o ia mau mea. Akā, i ka Auguseto aole wale aku la oia i ka poe i komo 'ole i loko o ke dala scams, hoopunipuni a me ka hoopunipuni ana' ē aʻe.

2 Rotehama mihi

Ke Auguseto piʻi akula i ka noho aliʻi i ka 1896. He He pilikia manawa no Rusia, paʻakikī no ka pono kanaka a me ka pilikia no ka rula ana ka papa. Ke Auguseto ia ia iho paa hahai ma hope o nā kumu o ka autocracy a me ka manawa 'aloʻahia i mea e pololei malama iaʻo Samuel a me kekahi loli aole lakou i manao e lawe mai. Ka lā o Rotehama 2 haule iho ma ka noho pilikia manawa no ka aina, no laila, hoʻokahuli aupuni unrest mawaena o na kanaka a me kā lākou'ōhumu mai me ka rula ana papa, hoʻoikaika ihola ma Rotehama 2 hana mau nui nā mea hoʻololi. O ka poe: kālai'āina mihi 1905-1907g.g. a me agrarian mihi o 1907 History o ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2 E hoike mai iʻaneʻane naʻanuʻu o ka mō'ī i ke noi a me ka pōpilikia.

Bulygin mihi i ka 1905

hoomaka ae la i ka mihi mua i ka hoomakaukau Hoʻohana, e paa ana ia, mai Pepeluali i August 1905. A kūikawā halawai Ua kukulu no hoi iluna, alai ae ia e ke Kuhina Kalaiaina AG Bulygin. Iloko o keia manawa, i ka manifesto ma ka hoʻokumu o ka State Duma, a me ka ai ma luna o ke koho ana i hoomakaukau ai. Ka mea, Ua paʻiʻia August 6, 1905. Akā, no ka mea, o ka mea uprising o ka hana papa zakonosoveschatelnogo Bulygin Duma i ole i mālama '.

Eia hou, i ka All-Russian pili aupuni 'olohani, i puʻe wale Tsar Rotehama 2 e e nui kālai'āina concessions a me 17 October, e hoolaha i kekahi manifesto i haawi zakonosoveschatelnuyu Duma kau mea e pono ai, ka manaʻo politika ku okoa ana, e haʻi aku, a me me ka nui loa hoʻonui i ka laulā o ka poe koho.

i ka hana a pau o ka Duma, a me nā loina o kona ho okumu i kākau i loko o ka hooponopono ma ke koho ana o Dekemaba 11, 1905, i ka paa i ka haku mele 'ana a me ka nakeke o ka State Duma ma Pepeluali 20, 1906, e like me ka pono me ia ma ka XIX. Law ma 23 April 1906. Hoʻonaniʻia loli o ke aupuni kanawai. Haawi mai kau oihana i ka State Aha, a me ka 'Aha o Kuhina, i hoʻomaka' ia me ka Okatoba 19, 1905, a me kona poʻo ua hoonohoia Y. Witte. Nā mea hoʻololi o Rotehama 2 kahiko o ka'āina ua paipaiʻia o ka moku'āina, e hoʻololi i ka mana a me ka hookahuli ana o ka autocracy.

Ka'opi o ka Duma ka 1906-1907

Ka mua haku mele 'ana o ka State Duma ma Rusia ua loa aupuni, akā, e hana i koi -'ano'ē. Lakou manaoio ua pili nā mea hoʻololi pono hoʻomau, ae kauoha mai e pani i landowners landownership, Hoohewa mai la lakou i ka autocracy, malama ma ka huina weliweli. Eia kekahi, ka mea, kaheaia hilinaʻiʻole o ka mana noho aliʻi. O ka holo ana,ʻaʻole i kēia mau HOU, ua oluolu i ka rula ana papa. Nolaila, o ka mua a me ka lua o ka Duma 1906-1907 GG Ua Ua disbanded e Emperor Rotehama 2.

I pau ai ka pili aupuni mihi Rotehama 2 i i hana June Ekolu mō'ī, ikaika hoopaaia ma i kanaka ka pono. Ka mea hou pili aupuni'ōnaehana makemake ole e holopono ana ina ka unresolved kaiapili-yeiiiie? Aneiai, a mau pilikia.

Ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2 ua he watershed no ka mea pili aupuni'ōnaehana o ka moku'āina. Ke Duma Ua lilo i ka pola no ka noʻonoʻo loi o ka mana, e hoike ana ia ia iho me he kū'ē kino. Kēia i alakai ai i ka hou hoʻokahuli aupuni uprising, a hoi ano hoomainoino i ka ulia i loko o ka lehulehu.

Mahiai "Stolypin" mihi

Ke kaʻina hana o ka loli, i lilo ai i ka 1907, a me ka mea hana ma ka PA Stolypin. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui ua e hoola landlordism. E hoʻokō i kēia, ua hoʻoholo ihola mākou i ka mea i pono, e hoʻopau i ke kaiāulu, a kūʻai lilo aku i ka aina a hiki i ko na kauwa, e noho ana i loko o kauhale, ma ke kua'āina Bank. No ka pono o ka hoemi kua'āina aina pololi o na kauwa, hoomaka ae la e neʻe ma kela aoao o ka Urals. Ma ka manaolana ana e oki i mau ana i ka lawelawe upheavals i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka, a e i ka manawa e Hōʻano hou i ka mahiai, a hemo ka agrarian mihi.

Ke ala hou ana o ka hoʻokele waiwai Lūkini

Hoʻolauna HOU lawe tangible hualoaʻa ma ka mahiʻai kaiaulu, ka Lūkini moku'āina hoʻokele waiwai i manao ai kupaianaha ke ola. Ka palaoa ka mea e haawi i ko mahuahua ma 2 quintals no aa, ec eioi, ka leo o ka ohi ia huahana ulu ma ka 20%, palaoa, i lawe ia ma kahi e, ma ka buke mahuahua ma 1,5 manawa. Mahiʻai 'loaa me ka nui loa māhuahua kā lākou ke kūʻaiʻana mana nui ae. Ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2 hoala mahiai i ka hou kiʻekiʻe.

Akā, mamua o ka loaa kupaianaha o ka hoʻokele waiwai, kaiapili nīnūnē hiki ole ke hoʻoponopono i ke alii. Ke ano o ke Aupuni i koe i ka ia, a me kona'ōhumu mai ai me na kanaka i nā māhuahua. Mai ke kaiāulu haʻalele wale 25% o ka aina a me ka 17% o Ural hoʻoneʻe hoi, a me ka 20% o ka mahiʻai, ka poe i lepo ma mahiʻai Bank, i hōkaiʻia. E like me ka hopena mahiʻai mālama'āina mau mea e kukaʻi ua hoʻemi mai 11 a hiki i 8 desyatinas eka. Ua lilo i mea akaka i ka lua o ka mihi a ma Rotehama 2 pau manao uluku, a me ka agrarian pilikia ua ole Wehewehe i nā hāʻina.

Hōʻuluʻulu i nā hualoaʻa o ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2, ka mea hiki e ua kūkākūkāʻia i ka Russian aupuni a pau i ka 1913 lilo kekahi o ka richest i loko o ke ao nei. Mea i ole ana ma hope o 4 makahiki o brutally pepehi i ke alii nui, i kona ohana a me kupaʻa kanaka kokoke loa.

Hiʻona o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ia' o ka wā e hiki mai Auguseto

2 Rotehama ia ia iho e like me ke keiki i lawe mai ai i loko o austerity a me ka spartan. A hailona o ka manawa hoolilo i ka haʻuki, aahu keia pono io a me ka noho lealea ana a me ke ono loa, he mau wale ma luna o aiiia. Kēia e pili ana i na keiki hōʻike i hiki ina i hanau ka mea, i loko o ka ohana waiwai a me ka hanohano, ka mea, ua i kā lākou mau pono. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea mea ia oe i ike, a oe ike pehea a me ka mea o kou uhane. I kaʻohana aliʻi o Rotehama 2 - mea he laʻana o ke aloha a me ka hoohua hui ana o ke kane, wahine, a me kā lākou mau pono-Ua naʻauao keiki.

Oia ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana i ia Auguseto ua make ia i loko o kona ohana iho. ke kaikamahine a ke aliʻi o ike mai ka wā kamaliʻi ka eha a me ka hoomanawanui, ua hiki ke i kōkua i ka poe i pono ia. No ka laʻana, mua kaikamahine Olga a me Maria, a me kona makuwahine, Empress Aleksandroy Fedorovnoy, hana ma ka haukapilaʻo koa i ka First World War. E hana i kēia, hele aku la lakou i hana 'inikua papa, a he mau hola e ku ana ma ko laua mau wawae ma ka pae'ōnaehanaʻaina.

I ka keia manawa, ua ike i ke ola o ke alii, a me kona ohana - he he ikaika makau no kona ola, no ka ohana, a no nā mea a pau o ka Fatherland. Ua mea mua a me ka poʻokela he nui kuleana, malama a me ka makeʻe no na kanaka a pau. A "hana" alii aloha ole a me ka weliweli, a hōʻoia ana i ka mōʻaukala o ka Lūkini moku'āina. I kaʻohana aliʻi o Rotehama 2 lilo i ka hae o ke ihola ua no na makahiki.

Ke poo o kaʻohana aliʻi

2 Rotehama iho i ka hope Lūkini tsar, a me ka mea i pau ai i ka rula o ka Hale o Romanov Rusia. He ua i ke keikikane i loko o ka ohana, a me kona mau makua i ka Emperor Alexander 3, a me Maria Feodorovna Romanova. Ma hope o ka lono kaumaha ka make ana o kona kupuna kāne,ʻo ia ua loaa i ka nohoalii Lūkini. Nikolai 2 i ke ano malie, wehewehe aku ma ka nui haipule, kupu ae la hilahila a me ka noʻonoʻo keiki. Naʻe, i ka manawa'ākau, i mau Ua i ka ikaika a me ka paakiki o ko lakou mau manao a me ka hana.

Ke Empress a me ka makuwahine o ka ohana

Wahine o Russian Emperor Rotehama 2 i ke kaikamahine a Grand Duke o Hesse-Drmshtadskogo Ludwig, a me kona makuwahine, he wahine alii noʻEnelani. Hânau 'ia wā e hiki mai Empress June 7, 1872 ma Darmstadt. I nā mākua o kona Alix, a haawi aku la ia ia i ka makana English hoʻonaʻauao. Ke kaikamahine i hanau i ka ono, akā, i ka i i hooki ia mai ka huikau hoʻonaʻauao a me ka pono continuer o ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia ano keia ano, no ka mea, o kona mau kupuna wahine ua Mō'īwahine Victoria oʻEnelani. I ka wā e hiki mai empress i ke koena aku hoi ano, a ua nui loa hilahila. I loko nō o ka hanohano kêia kanaka, ua alakai he spartan ke ola, i ke kakahiaka i ka auau me ka wai huihui, a pana aku au i ka pō ma luna o ka paakiki moe.

Aloha keiki o kaʻohana aliʻi

Ke keiki o Tsar Rotehama 2 a me kana wahine Empress Alexandra Feodorovna mua i ke kaikamahine a Olga. Ua Ua hanau ia ma 1895 ma ka mahina o Nowemapa, a lilo ae la i ke keiki punahele o na makua. Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna Romanova ua loa akamai, aloha, a kapa hoʻohanohano ma ka hiki nui e noiʻi i nāʻano o nā sciences. Kekahi mau manaʻo maikaʻi, a me ka lokomaikaʻi, a me kona uhane a pau Karistiano ua maemae a me ka oiaio. Ka hoʻomaka o ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2 ia o ka hanau ana o ke keiki mua.

Ke keiki lua o Rotehama 2 i ke kaikamahine Tatiana, ka mea i hanau mai Iune 11, 1897. Mawaho, nānā akula me kona makuwahine, a me ka ano o kona makua kāne,ʻo ia. Ua loaʻa iā ia ka ikaika pono o ka hana a me ke aloha mawaena o ke kaʻina hana. Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna Romanova pono i humuia a me ka Nails, ka mea, ua like ke aloha, a ua noho i loko o nā wahi, i hiki.

Ke hiki mai, a, me ka, lilo iho la ia i ke kolu o ke keiki o ka Auguseto, a me ka empress kekahi kaikamahine - Mary. Ua Ua hanau June 27, 1899. Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna Romanova okoa mai na kaikuahine o ke aloha, friendliness a me ka leʻaleʻa. Ua loaʻa iā ia he maikai helehelena, a ua he vitality nui. Loa ka nui o ka mea, ua nakinakiʻia i nā mākua, a aloha ia madly.

Ka Emperor Ua e nana ana imua i kāna keiki, akā, hoomaka hou hā o ke keiki o kaʻohana aliʻi o ke kaikamahine Anastasia. Ke Auguseto aloha iā ia e like me kāna mau kaikamāhine a pau. Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna Romanova i hanau June 18, 1901, a ma ka ano ua mea i like loa me ke keiki. Ua hoao iho la e e nimble a me ka uhane keiki, ai kona aloha e pāʻani oʻApelila ia, a loaʻa iā ia kaʻoliʻoli ana.

August 12, 1904 ka lōʻihi-kali hooilina hānau i loko o ka imperial ohana. A keiki o Alex, i loko o ka hanohano o ka nui-kupuna kāne Alekseya Mihaylovicha Romanova. Tsesarevich ili a pau o ka maikaʻi, mai kona makua kāne a me ka makuwahine. He punahele i kona mau mākua, a me kona makua kāne, Nikolai 2 ua he maoli kii no ia, ka mea mau hoao e mamuli o ia ia.

Voshestvie i ka noho aliʻi

May 1896 ia kekahi hanana nui - paʻa ma Moscow poni o Rotehama 2. i ka hope o ia kekahi hanana: i ke alii i ka mea hope ole wale i loko o ka Romanov aliʻi, akā, i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka Russian aupuni a pau. Ironically, keia mea i ka poni i ka loa kilohana a me ka'āina hoʻohiwahiwa. Pela i hoomaka ai ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2. I nui hoopii, i hoʻonaniʻia eʻikeʻia i ke kulanakauhale ana i ka lei kukui naauao ana. E like me ka hoike, ka mea, ua literally "kai o ke ahi" ma ka hoʻok & ucirckû.

Ma ka Russian aupuni a pau o ka kapikala i lawe mai i ka poeikohoia o nā'āina a pau. Mai poo o ka moku'āina i ka makaainana kanaka - na elele o kēlā me kēia papa e noho ana ma ka inaugurationʻana. I paʻa i loko o HW keia auspicious lā, ua hōʻea ma Moscow hookiekieia Artists: Serov, Ryabushkin, Vasnetsov, Repin, Nesterov a me na mea e ae. Ka poni ana o Rotehama 2 ua he maoli waleʻia mai no ka Lūkini kanaka.

Hope dala aupuni a pau

Numismatics - maoli hana hoihoi 'epekema. Ua huliʻAʻole pono ka malihini a me ka bila o kekahi mau aina, a o ka'āina. Ka hoiliili ana o ka nui dala Waihona Noʻeau ke kumumea i ka mōʻaukala o ka'āina, kona waiwai, ka manaʻo politika a me nā pilina loli. A me Rotehama 2 ducat dala lilo i mea kaʻao.

Ka manawa muaʻo ia i hookuu ia i ka 1911, a ma ia hope makahiki ka mineta gula malihini ka mineta me ka nunui ka holo au. Denomination o ke dala, he 10 rubles a ia i ke gula. Ua makemake mea, no ke aha la keia dala i o Laielohelohe i ka noonoo ana o ka numismatists a me nā moʻolelo? Ke hoohihia mai ia mea i ka helu o ka puka, a ka mineta malihini ua kaupalena. A, laila, ka mea i pono, e paʻi no ka mea kuko i ka paukū e pili pū ke gula. I halawai lākou i kahi lōʻihi aku ma mua o ka mea maloko o ka mineta. Akā, Eia naʻe, i waena o ka helu nui o fakes a "samozvanok" paakiki, e imi i kekahi maoli dala.

No ke aha la e hana ai na mea he nui i loko o ke dala, he "mau mahoe"? Ua Ua manaoio ia kekahi ua hiki ke lawe mai i ka A hehi ihola au i ke alo a me ka hope, aoao me ka mineta, a hoolilo ia lakou i loko o ka lima o ka counterfeiters. aku nei au moʻolelo i ka mea hiki e kekahi Kolchak, ka mea "nachekanil" he nui ducats e ke olonā wāwae hoʻokele waiwai o ka aina i ka, a me ka Soviet aupuni, i ho'āʻo e uku i ke dala me ka Western hoa. Ua ua ike ia no ka lōʻihi manawa, Western aina i ike i ka hou aupuni seriously, a ua hoomau ia e ho omaulia i ka Lūkini gula apana. Just nuipa? Iecaianoaaiiuo o hoʻopuni malihini hiki ke lawe mai nui hope, a me ke gula o ka haʻahaʻa mea e like ai.

Ka haole Politika Nikolaya 2

No ka wā o ka noho alii ana o ka Emperor ana mau nui koa paipai aʻo kai eʻe. Ma ka Hōʻole akula Hikina o ka Lūkini moku'āinaʻalo me kaʻano pākīkē Japan. I ka 1904, i ka Lūkini-Japanese War, i ua e distract i ka lehulehu, mai ka kaiapili-yeiiiie? Pilikia o ka moku'āina. Ka nui loa koa 'ana i wahi ma ka pā kaua o Port Arthur, i hookuu mai ai ia i loko o December 1904. Ma lalo o Mukendi Russian kaua ua lilo i ke kaua i loko o Pepeluali 1905. A Lūkini'auwaʻa i make a me ka loa haule aku i ka mokupuni o Tsushima i loko o May 1905. Ua pau i ka Lūkini-Japanese koa kai eʻe ma ka wehe 'ana ma Portsmouth ma August 1905 maluhia i ke kuʻikahi ma, ma lalo a Japan i hele aku Korea, a me ka hema o Sakhalin Island.

Ka First World War

Ke kulanakauhale o Sarajevo ma Bosnia i e kaua kīmopō i ka hooilina a hiki i ka'Aukekulia noho alii, Ferdinand F., a alakai ai i ka hoʻomaka o ka First World Kaua o 1914 ma waena o ka Central na mana a me ka Entente. Ka Triple kuikahi me na aukanaka a pau e like me Hawaii, Austria-Hungary a me Italy. A hapa o ka Ally me Rusia, Pelekane, a me Palani.

Major koa ana i wahi ma ka Western Front i ka 1914. Ma ka hikina mai Front, ua hee o ma ka Lūkini kaua ka Austro-Hungary, ua kokoke e haawi. Akā, Germany Ua kōkua ka Austro-Hunakalia aupuni a pau, e ola a me ka hoʻomau i ka hoouka ma Rusia.

Hou hele Kelemania, ma luna o Rusia ma ke kupulau a me ke kauwela o 1915, e lawe ana me ia i ka hanana o Poland, hapa o ka Baltic, hapa o Western Belarus a me Ukraine. A ma ka 1916, Kelemānia lākou poʻe kaua i ka papa kuhikuhiE puupuu hōʻeha 'ia ma ka Western Front. Lūkini hao wale wawahi ma ke alo, a luku aku la i ka'Aukekulia kaua, ma ka huli, kuhikuhi i ka oihana koa ana, General AA Brusilov.

Ka haole Politika Nikolaya 2 Ua alakai ai i ka mea i ka Lūkini moku'āina i hoʻokele waiwai ka ho'āʻo 'ia e ke kaua lōʻihi,ʻoihana kaua a me ka mau pilikia. Na lunakanawai i i hūnā i nāʻelele i hana ai i ka mea mea ole māʻona i ke kulekele alualu ma ka mana noho aliʻi. Ka limahana o-kua'āina nīnau i ole, ua hoʻonā, a me ka World War II wale exacerbated ia. Ma ke 'eʻe i ka Brest maluhia March 5, 1918, Rusia i pau ai i ke kaua.

Summing mai

About ka hopena o ka poe alii, ke'ōlelo i ka lōʻihi manawa. Ka hopena o ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2 e like penei: Rusia Ua hoano e he nui ua lele akula nō i loko o nā papa hana, a me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka pili aupuni a me ka pilinaʻokoʻa. Ma ka noho alii ana o ka Emperor, he pono mau Hope, i ka hope o ka mea i kuleana. Nui-unahiʻole, i huli ma ka pili ana i nā aupuni alakai i ka mea o ka Russian aupuni a ua mahuahua kona aoao ma ka hikina ia. i ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2 ka mea, ua mahalo controversial. Paha, nolaila, ka mea i loko o kēlā mau makahiki, ua i nā hanana i alakai aku ai i ka loli o ke kahua kālai'āina.

E hiki anei ia he kūkākūkā loa, ka mea, ua pono, e hana i ka Auguseto Hehe. Moʻolelo nō hiki iʻae like ma ka hookahi manao e pili ana i ka mea i ka Emperor hope o ka Russian aupuni a pau - ka nui autocrat a Hoʻihoʻi statehood. Iloko o ka noho alii ana o Rotehama 2 - i kēia manawa, he mea paʻakikī manawa no ka Russian aupuni a pau, akā, i ka mea ia manawa kupaianaha a me ke ola-hoonohonoho hou.