Description o pneumothorax: ke ano o ka maʻi, ke kumu,ʻike, a me ka lapaʻau

Ma na mea he nui e pili ana i moʻo kauka a me Makäkiu, ua pinepine ike i ka olelo, i ke ano o i ke ano o ka hewa paha e i ike i na mea a pau. No ka laʻana, pneumothorax. He aha ka i kēia maʻi? Symptoms, na hoailona ma i pilikia kookoo no laila, pololei oholo kona alo aku, i ka nui o ke kokua, a me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe, ao ke ano o ka mea ma hope o ka ike weliweli. Ma kēia 'atikala oe, e huli pane mea e kōkua orient i loko o ka pilikia kulana home' ole.

ka wehewehena

Pneumothorax - o ka hoʻomāhuahua o ka lewa a me nā kinoea i loko o ka thoracic lua. Loa pinepine ia ia lŘlŘ ma hope o ka poino like o ka hopena o ka hamama fracture o na iwi aoao a me akemāmā eha kūkala o ka iwi, e like me ka pono me ka hopena o ka rupture o ke akemāmā abscess, oaka ae la i ka bipikane a me ka hauneneʻe na paia o ka bronchus malignancy. Secondary pneumothorax mea he hoomau o ka hooloihi ae i pulmonary maʻi.

Lapaʻau hoike ana mai o na symptoms hilinaʻi nui kuhikuhi ma pehea koke i ka lewa hoopiha i ka pleural lua. Ma ka hapanui o hoopii,ʻike, Ua hiki mahope o keia hookolokolo ana o ka hoʻomanawanui i ka weliweli. I kekahi manawa, nā ano o ka hoike, e like me X-kukuna.

Iapaau ana mea IeAUPIIe, IAa IOʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua dala no ka wehe 'ia o ka lewa, mai ka pahu lua ma ka nōkahea a puncture, i ka hana o nā loko o ka mediastinum hoihoi, a hoʻi aku ia lakou i ko lakou mau nohoalii.

Palapala me ka mea mawaho i hoʻolilo 'ia

I palapala loaʻa nō kekahi mau likeʻole o ka pneumothorax. Ano o ka maʻi hilinaʻi ma aʻaoʻao o ka hana lua (mawaho paha ma loko o ke kino), e like me kona nui, a me ka kinoea inflow kōmi.

• E haapau nei i pneumothorax diagnosed ma ka hihia i ka wa a ka pleural lua e hina Nā hana nui o ke kinoea ma ka liʻiliʻi puka,ʻaʻole pü ana me ka mea mawaho kaiapuni. Ka puʻe i loko o ka pahu lua ua mahuahua lohi, a me ke kina ua paa hou mai la e iho, me ka hou e kōkua. Air Oe lohi hoike mai ma waena o ka lahilahi o pleura, akemāmā, a lawe kona maʻamau shape.
• Open pneumothorax e hoʻomōhala ana i hoomakaukau ai penetrating eha o ka pahu pa, a me rupture o ka bronchus nui. Mau hōʻike ana me ka mea mawaho kaiapuni. Manawa a hiki i kēia hopena maikaʻi puʻe i loko o ka lua maloko ua kūponoʻia me ka lewa meaola, mai i ka malamalama collapses, a me ka makani, aole ia e kahe i loko o laila.

• Stressful ole pneumothorax kiwikā wale akaka ka wā pili trauma (wahi iho la umauma paia pleura me ka poino a me ka rupture o ka bronchi nui), a wehewehe aku i loko i ka lewa komo i ke kino lua ma inhalation, akā, 'aʻole e haʻalele i kona Exhale. Ka puʻe i loko o ka pleural lua ua mua like me ka ka lewa a me ka mau, e ulu. E like me ka hopena o mediastinal nā loko i hoʻoneʻe a'opihia.

pathogenesis

I mea e pono kokua, ia mea pono e ike pehea e pneumothorax ua hana, kona ano. Physiology o kēia kaʻina moe i loko o ka mea ana i loko o ka maʻamau pleural lua i loko o ka io ka puʻuwai. Kēia kōkua malama i na maʻiʻaʻai i loko o ka hoomaka ana, e like me ka mämä holo i ka wehe ana o kinoea i loko o nā alveoli. I ka mea i haki ka pahu tightness, a me ka lewa hoʻomaka e hoʻopiha i ka pleural lua, na ia maʻiʻaʻai emi ana ma ka buke.

Ua interferes me ka maʻamau hanu, a me ka hopena o ka kanaka hoʻomaka e kinai iho. Eia hou, i ka lewa compresses a displaces mediastinal nā loko: ka naau, aorta, esophagus, e ka mea paakiki, e lawe mai lākou pololei hana.

etiology

Mai traumatic Agena mea hilinaʻi nui ma luna o nā mea e ia i pneumothorax. Etiology, ano, pathogenesis, lapaʻau hoike ana a me ka hana i ka inextricable Logical lei o ka ike i ke hoola i ke ola, a ina oe e ole i e hana me ka 'inikuaʻoihana kahuna.

1. noho'na makaainana i ulu pneumothorax mea he nahā i nui bronchus a akemāmā parenchyma ua i pili me ka ÿano nā palapū o ka pahu. Ua Ua maheleia i nui nā pūʻulu elua:

• Ke iniiaiie, a idiopathic,ʻaʻohe mea'ē aʻe kumu. More, he pono ole i ka opiopio loloa na kanaka ma mua i loko o nā wāhine o ka hookahi makahiki, a me ka hana. Ua hiki ke wehewehe ma ke kēia mau hiʻona: ka pathological hoʻololi i loko o ke akemāmā ma muli o ia i ka aaiaoe hewa i loko o synthesizing'ūhū Alpha-1-antitrypsin, a ua komo i loko o ka maʻamau functioning o na alveoli; pleura nui lahilahi, a e uhai mai negligible puʻe kulu, e like me ka puʻu a kiheʻana; ka wā e piʻi nei i ka mauna (kuahiwi maʻi) koke puʻe kulu paha submerged ma lalo o ka wai (caisson maʻi).
• Secondary pneumothorax ua hanaʻia ma luna o ke kāʻei kua o ua? Ueony akemāmā maʻi e like me COPD (maʻi obstructive pulmonary maʻi), cystic fibrosis a me ka asthma.

2. ka loa, he pono ole i na hihia o traumatic pneumothorax. Ano o nā palapū hāʻule i loko o nā waeʻano: penetrating nā palapū o ka pahu lua (sliced, kua eha, hamama fractures o na iwi aoao); kūmūmū umauma trauma (avtotravmy, kaomi ma waena o nā wahi mea papa).

3. I 'inikua ke kaʻina hana no hoi mai i hookaawale ia i keʻano o ka pneumothorax. Ma na hihia, ka mea, ua kapaia iatrogenic. P ÷ ino nā pleura a akemāmā biopsy, PalekanaEND_LINK puncture maʻiʻo abscesses a me cysts, staging subclavian catheter a me ka barotrauma mai ALV (ʻimi hoʻopunipuni akemāmā hoʻokomo ea).

? aaieou

Ma hope o ana a me ka ninaninau ana i ka hoʻomanawanui i ke kauka uku noonoo ana i ka ulia pahu eha, pokole o ka hanu, kokololio hanu a me ka naau ana, maloo cough. Huʻi panic ho'āhewa wale i kekahi e ka hopena o ka pneumothorax. Ano o nā palapū a me keʻano o nā palapū, i kekahi manawa, a hiki visually detectable, e kōkua finalize i kaʻike, a kauoha i ke hoʻomanawanui i ka iapaau ana. Kēia hiki ia iʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau a pākōlea haukapila 'ole ulia pōpilikia' Oihana. Na mea a pau hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka oolea o ke ano, a me ka ho'ākāka 'ia i ka pōʻino.

lapaʻau '

E like me aʻu i haiia ae maluna, e ike ana i keʻano papa hana, a ua kapaia ka pneumothorax, ano a me ka palena pau. ʻike, mea,ʻaʻole paʻakikī. ʻO lawa ke hoopaa i ka mawaho ka ninaninau ana i ka pahu a me ka akemāmā auscultation symmetrical pauku (e e hoohalikeia me ke olakino hapa o ka hoʻomanawanui). Inā e huai ae poho ke ole, laila, ma ka mea e e loaʻoiaʻiʻo oe makemake e hoouna aku i ka hoʻomanawanui i ka X-kukuna paha HI scan NineManga.com. Ke ea Aʻole e noonoo i ka radioactive pāhawewe, a no ia mea, e akaka hiki i loko o ke kiʻi.

E like me ka hou iaoia oe ke hoʻohana i ka ho'ākāka 'ana o ke koko kinoea (i mea e ike ai i ko laila mea he hana keaka' oni iki i loko o ka olelo o ka hypercapnia), electrocardiography (e ālai 'complications e like me ka naʻau o ka hoʻokō' ole), e like me ka Lani iʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau kūkā (keia ua ana hana ma ke kahua o ke ahonui i ka hookolokolo ana i ka ulia pōpilikia oihana).

pilikia

I loko nō o kaʻano o ka pneumothorax, ua hoemiia mua kōkua, e kahea aku i ka ambulance. No untrained kanaka e hana me ka na nā palapū, Ua olelo lealea ia, a lailaʻoe e pono ai ka hoao ana a me ka trauma surgeon. Ka mea wale nō mea e e hana i loko o ka hihia o ka hamama Lolina o ka maʻi hiki - mea, e hoʻokō i ka sila mānoanoa lole wili ma luna o kaʻeha. Hiki nō ke hoʻohana i ka oilcloth, ea wahī a mānoanoa pulupulu-gauze. Mau manipulations e kōkua i ka hana i ka paʻa pneumothorax.

? Ueony ka manaʻo mālama '-inikua kōkua a me nā kula haʻahaʻaaʻike, o keia maʻi E e komo i loko o ka laulā o ka ike ana o kekahi kanaka, ai ka hope makahiki nā haumāna (kivila pale). A laila,ʻo ia, e e hiki ke ponoʻole Loiloi i ka pilikia, a e i ka hoʻoholo akau.

lapaʻau

Ka mua ka mea, e ike pono ka 'ano o ka pneumothorax i loko o ka hoʻomanawanui. Inā i ka nui o ka lewa ma waena o ka pleural a lahilahi kānaka, ka mea i ho'ākāka 'kōkua i ole e koi' ia. He i nā noonoo. Ma ka hihia ma kahi o ka nui o ke kinoea maʻamau ua ālai 'oluolu e wehe, ia pono e aspirated me ka' ohe ma puncturing ka pleural lua. Kēia e kōkua i koke hoʻopau pneumothorax. Kind (pilikia mālama hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kēia) maʻi i nui, no ka mea, ka mea e noi mai ana i kaʻokoʻa kokoke loa i kahi. A nui o ke poho i koi i ka mea hoʻonoho o kekahi-kapakahi nōkahea Byulau.

Eia hou, ka wā nunui nā palapū e noi anaʻoki kino 'uao no ka panina o ka akemāmā parenchyma, pleura a me bronchial mā, e like me ka panina o ka penetrating eha o ka pahu.

Like symptomatic Inc paipai anesthetics a me ka oxygen inhalation. Inā pneumothorax Episode i hai pinepine lawa, i ka hoʻomanawanui i ke i ka manao e paka pleurodesis - soldering pleura pu.

Complications a me prognosis

Like pono me ma hope o kekahi maʻi, he mea mau ka hopena o ka loaa ana i kekahi pneumothorax. pāʻani ano o ka mea i loko o keia hihia he kūlana nīnūnē. Ma ka wahi mua i waena o nā complications ke kumukuai o kahe ana ke koko a me ka hemothorax. Ma hope ona i noho ai pleurisy (li nui o ka connective'aʻaʻa a me ke kahua o adhesions ma waena o ka pleura) a me ka subcutaneous emphysema (ea komo i ka'aʻaʻa ma lalo o kaʻili). ka hoʻomanawanui i make i loko o ka nui wahi o ka ino a me ka hoolohi ke kōkua.

Kāohi

I mea e pale aku i ke kūpono 'ana o ke pneumothorax, Ua nui e malama i kekahi mau mea rula:

• 'Āwīwī a hoopau pono i ka ÷ naehana hanu'ōnaehana a me ka pale aku kona complications, e alakai ana i ke kahua o ka nawaliwali kumu i loko o ka akemāmā a me ka pleura.
• E hāʻawi mai hoʻi i ka hewaʻano, i ka maikai - mai e uwahi ana.
• E ho'āʻo e pale i ka trauma o ka pahu.
• Lawe ana i ka pale hou-pneumothorax.