Digestive'ōnaehana: ho'āʻo a me ka 'ole

Kekahi o ka meaʻano nui eiiiiiaiou o ke kanaka kino - kona digestive kahua nā loko. Kēia me ka hui pu ana o? Aaony a me ka hoʻonohonoho 'ano, no laila, i ua hiki e extract, mai ka ai a kona kahu hoʻopau i ka loa e pono no ka maʻamau ola. A i ka Ia manawa i loko o ka digestive'ōnaehana hana e like me "kilokilo" maomeka, i hoopakele mai, mai nā mea palahēhē, detoxify hoomake iho no hoi, a hiki ae mākou e synthesize nui nā wikamina. Ua haawiia i ke ko iko io o keia luna 'hui, ia mea e pono ke lawe mālama ana.

ka mea i ka digestive'ōnaehana E noʻonoʻo pono, i ka mana o ka digestive'ōnaehana , hoi, mai haʻalele unattended. Oe e hoi aʻo e pili ana i ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo i e hana ia i gastrointestinal maʻi.

A kino i kekahi hapa o ka digestive'ōnaehana?

Ka digestive'ōnaehana ninoieo o ke keʻena ma lalo nei a me ka oihana:

• ka waha a me kona lālā salivary glands;
• puu;
• ka wahi o ka esophagus;
• 'ōpū;
• ka poe liilii, a me ka nui liʻiliʻi;
• ake;
• pancreas.

Next, ua noonoo ka 'ole a me ka hana ana i ka digestive nenoaiu. I ka papaʻaina ma lalo haawi i ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o ka constituent māhele o ka gastrointestinal'āpana.

Inā 'oe e nānā i ka' ole o nā nā loko o ka 'oihana, e hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka digestive'āpana mea he şarkı lōʻihi o 7-9 mika, kekahi o ka mea nui glands i aia i ka'ōnaehana o ka pā ma waho, a i kona memo.

Ke peculiarity o kēia 'ia paha o nā loko i i noae loa kana olelo hoopomaikai. 'āpana kŰlń ao mai ka waha mai a hiki i ka anus i ka 900 knm, akā, e pono i loko o ke kino o ka hiki, e kōkua i nā nāʻiʻo o ka digestive ala a hiki i ke kahua o nā puka lou, a huakai hele. Eia naʻe, mākou hana - ole wale helu i nā nā loko o ka digestive nenoaiu. Mākou Ua pono nānā 'a pau na keʻano o ka hanaʻana lawe ana wahi i loko o kela a me keia o na gastrointestinal'āpana.

Nohona ma GI noaia o ka hana

Una lua, pharynx a me ka esophagus mea nae nana e hoole ka ao ao.

Ano, e mākou pokole noonoo i ke kaʻina o ka hooholo ia ana o ka ai ma ka digestive nenoaiu. Nutrient eiiiiiaiou komo i ke kanaka kino ma ka waha hamama. Eia, o ka ahakanaka e ia i loko o ka puu, a intersect ka digestive'āpana a me ka ÷ naehana hanu kahua. Ma hope iho o kēia kāleka ua hoouna mai ai i ka bolus iho o ka esophagus. Naunau a ua huakaʻi o me ka tuha, ai komo i ka'ōpū. luna o ka Hoʻohana hope o ka esophagus ua aia i loko o ka abdominal wahi: opu, uuku makapo, AeXIeAaOIePEAaI pauku o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi, a me ka maʻi 'aʻai: ake a me ka pancreas.

Ke pelvis Ua pololei liʻiliʻi. Ke ai i loko o ka'ōpū lua mea okoa manawa ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ano o nā huahana, akā,' aʻole e oi aku i ka hāʻawi wā o kekahi mau hola. I keia manawa, no ka ai-kapaia anao? Aou i loko o ke kino lua o ka gastric wai. Food i wai, paʻipaʻiʻia ai e ia lŘlŘ a digesting ia. E neʻe hou aku, me ka nuipa a komo i ka uuku liʻiliʻi. Eia ka ha awina o nā'ūhū hoʻolako i ka noho male 'ana hou o'aiaola' ona i loko o na mea i huiʻia e i paka me ka pilikia i loko o ke koko a me ka lymph.

E möakäka hou koena nuipa kēia i loko o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi nui, kahi i ke omo o ka wai a me ka ho okumu o ka noho. I ka mea, he waiwai i mea ole hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, aʻaʻole hiki ke paka i loko o ke koko a me ka lymph. Ka mea, i wehe, a ma ka anus ka mawaho kaiapuni.

He aha kanaka tuha?

Ma moʻolelo o ka mucosa, a hoʻomaka i ke kaʻina o ka hooholo ia ana o ka ai ma ka digestive'ōnaehana, eia nui a me ka uuku salivary glands. Nui nō ka poʻe i i kahi kokoke i ka pepeiao, ma lalo o ka iwi ā, a ma lalo o ka elelo. Ka hope mauʻano o salivary glands paka i kekahi hui malu: ka mea, pee tuha wai paha. Nā glands kokoke i ka pepeiao e hiki i ka paka mucus wale. Salivation hiki e hala loa, pili. No ka laʻana, ma o ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka wai lemi ke ku mai i 7,5 ml no minuke.

Ka hapa nui o ka tuha ka wai, akā, e loaʻa nā'ūhū: amylase a me ka maltase. Mau nā'ūhū digestion kaʻina ua holo ma ka moʻolelo o ka lua: amylase huli pia i loko o maltose, i mea hou e hoopili lakou i ka monakō koko ma maltase. Keʻai i loko o ka waha no ka pōkole - i hou aku 20 kekona, a ma ia manawa i ka pia mai i manawa e hoike mai loa. Tuha nō kāu i kekahi me ka'ākilikai paha iki'ākilikai naoh. Nō hoʻi i loko o kēia kinowai meakino he he kūikawā kumuʻiʻo lysozyme, i mea bactericidal waiwai.

E hahai i ka esophagus

digestive'ōnaehana'anatomia o ka esophagus kēia mau kāhea aku a ke no ka waha a me ka puu gastrointestinal hui. Inā e noonoo ia i loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ka pa, ka mea hiki ke maopopo puunaueia i ekolu papa. Ke Median He He Muscle, a hiki ke emi aku. Keia mea e like ai i ka mea e hiki ai ke hoʻoneʻe i ka ai, mai ka pharynx a hiki i ka'ōpū. Esophageal musculature produces undulatedʻoki e ana mai o ka luna o ke kino no kona lōʻihi like holoʻokoʻa. Me ka hooholo ana o ka bolus ma ka şarkı muliwai he mea ka puka o ka sphincter o ka'ōpū.

Kēia Muscle mālama i ka ai i loko o ka'ōpū, a ua ālai 'ia mai ka neʻe ana ma ke ku pono ana i ka ao ao. Ma kekahi mau hihia, panina o ka sphincter ua hoʻonāwaliwaliʻia a me nā paʻi hua hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo ke paka i loko o ka esophagus. Reflux i, ke kanaka Kahalaopuna heartburn.

Opu a me ka digestive mea huna

E hoʻomau i ka noiʻi i ka noho pololei ana o ka digestive nenoaiu. Over ka esophagus e ia i ka'ōpū. IIeEeAIEUAA ia - hema keena quadrant i loko o ka epigastric māhele 'āina. Kēia kino - ole mea 'ē aʻe, me ka palena manawa no ka digestive'āpana me ka muscled paia.

Ke kinona a me ka nui o ka'ōpū mea pololei kalele iho ma luna o kona Contents. Blank kino i ka lōʻihi o 20 knm, o ka mamao ma waena o nā pā -. 7-8 knm Inā lōpū, e hoʻopiha i ka opu, kona lōʻihi, e loaʻa ma kahi o 25 knm, a me ka laula - 12 knm hui, kēia wahi e kekahi oko ma ke degere o ka piha, a. Ua loli aʻe mai ka 1.5 nā lika i 4 nā lika. A i kekahi kanaka moni, na nāʻiʻo o ka opu relaxes, a me keia kanawai mau a hiki i ka hopena o ka palaoa. Akā, i ka wā o ka palaoa mea ma luna, i ka'ōpū nāʻiʻo i loko o ka moku'āina o ka ha awina. Ke ai ka honua, he mea kona ÿano a me ka Nine Inch aaioee ma Muscle ana. Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo ai kolo ana i ka poe liilii, liʻiliʻi.

I loko o ka'ōpū ua hoalaala ia me ka mucousʻili lahilahi me ka ai iiiaanoaa o pleats, a i aia i loko o ka prostate. Kā lākou hana - e līkaia like ka nui me hiki o digestive Piʻihonua. 'ōpū keena paka nā'ūhū, hydrochloricʻakika a me mucoid secretion. Bolus impregnated a me nā mea a pau kēia mau waiwai i lepo a me ka hui. Nāʻiʻo, aoao, paipai 'digestion.

He aha ka ka gastric wai?

Gastric wai mea he colorless wai a me kaʻakika naoh, a wehewehe i ke alo o hydrochloricʻakika. Aia i ekolu papa kuhikuhiE pūʻulu o nā'ūhū:

• protease (ʻano nui pepsin) e hoʻopili i nā nā polokina o polypeptide nā lātoma;
• lipase hana ma luna o ka momona nā lātoma, hoʻololi 'ia i loko o momomaʻakika a me ka glycerol (i loko o ka'ōpū wale a pipili emulsified momona lepo bipi no ka waiū);
• tuha amylases hoʻomau hana ma ka cleavage o ka luna 'carbohydrate i na mea o nā mahi kō (i like ka bolus ua impregnated loa me kaʻakika gastric wai, amylolytic nā'ūhū i inactivated).

Hydrochloricʻakika mea he mea nui hehee ai o ka digestive secretions, e like me ka mea hiki aku ai i kaʻeleu'ūhū pepsin, e hoomakaukau cleavage kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma, curdled ka waiu a me ka eliminates a pau microorganisms. i ka palaoa gastric hoʻokuʻu lŘlŘʻano nui a me ka mau no 4-6 hola. Total no ka lā i hāʻawi wai a ua hookuu ia 2,5 nā lika.

An hana hoihoi 'oiaio o ia ka helu a me ka haku mele' ana o gastric wai hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka mea e like ai o ka mea e hoʻopā ai ai. Ka nui loa ka helu o ka malu e ku nei no ka digestion o nā polokina, ka mea liilii loa - i loko o ke omo o ke kanaka momona ai. Ma ke ola i ke meaola gastric wai he he 'ano nui nui o hydrochloricʻakika, ka pH papa koa mai 1.5-1.8.

Small liʻiliʻi

I ka noʻonoʻo 'ana i mea kino i kekahi hapa o ka digestive oihana, he hou kumu o ke kuka nei - ka uuku liʻiliʻi. hookaawale kēia digestion'ōnaehana originates mai ka gastric pylorus, a mai ka huina pau loa o 6 mika. Ua Ua maheleia i loko o kekahi mau pauku:

• 12 duodenum o ka shortest, a me ka nui mahele a me kona lōʻihi mea ma kahi o 30 knm;
• menina liʻiliʻi wehewehe aku ma ka emi ana o ka lumen a me ka lōʻihi o 2,5 ka m;
• ileum o ka hapa loa pilikia o ka lahilahi kāleka, kona lōʻihi o 3.5 m.

Ka uuku liʻiliʻi? Aniiei? I loko o ka abdominal lua i loko o ka palapala o nā puka lou. Ma ke alo o ka mea, ua uhi ia me omentum a laterally kaupalena 'manoanoa digestive'āpana. I ka hana ana o ka poe uuku a liʻiliʻi - ka mau nō lā hoʻi o Nine Inch reactions o ka ai eiiiiiaiou, kona hui pu iaʻi, a kōkua i ka 'Oihana manoanoa.

I ka pa o ke kino i ka typical 'ole no nā eiiiiiaiou o ka digestive'āpana, a he o na kēia mau hehee wale:

• mucous, ahu iho;
• submucosal'aʻaʻa me accumulations nā aʻalolo, glands, lymph a me ka ipu koko;
• Muscle'aʻaʻa, a he o ka mawaho lonikū a me na hoʻopoepoe papa, a hoolilo therebetween i ka ahu iho la ka connective'aʻaʻa me na moku ke koko a me nā aʻalolo (muscular, ahu iho i kuleana no ka hoʻohuihui a neʻe loa ma ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo ai'ōnaehana);
• serosa ka malimali a me ka moisturized, ka mea, ua ālai 'kū'ē ma waena o nā kino iho.

Hiʻona o digestion i loko o ka uuku liʻiliʻi

Glands hookomoia ma intestinal'aʻaʻa 'ole kaʻawale malu. Ua malama mai ka ino, a ma ka ha awina o digestive nā'ūhū ka mucosa. Mucous'aʻaʻa ano he iiiaanoaa o pleats omnidirectional, a me keia maoli he i ke omo wahi. I ka helu o kaʻikepili ē aʻei emi i ka naʻau liʻiliʻi nui. Mai loko o ka mucosa o ka mea liilii, liʻiliʻi villi a me na awawa ua lako hoi i kōkua digestion.

Ka 12- pauku iki'ākilikai meakino me ka LIKE akā, e emi ai ka pH o ka'ōpū Contents. Pancreas leki uea i loko o kēia wahi, a me kona malu alkalizes bolus, i waena o a pela i'ākilikai. Penei, gastric nā'ūhū i inactivated.

A mau olelo e pili ana i ka digestive glands

Digestive'ōnaehana i ka leki uea endocrine glands. Ke pancreas malū i ka wai e like me kaʻaiʻana i ke kanaka, a me kona helu mea e kaukaʻi ma ka ai haku mele 'ana. Kumuʻiʻoʻai stimulates ka secretion o ka mea nui a me nā bipi kūpaluʻia i ka mea ku pono ia. Total no ka lā pancreas produces 2,5 nā lika o ka wai.

¶ A i loko o ka mea uuku liʻiliʻi ia allocates kona malu gallbladder. Ma hope wale nō 5 minuke, mai ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka palaoa ka mea, hoʻomaka e' Imi paka bile, a haʻalele no a pau na nā'ūhū o ka intestinal wai. Kēia huna i kekahi Hoʻoikaika i ka ka digestive'āpana Hawaii papa, intensifies ka paʻipaʻiʻia ai a me ka neʻeʻana o kaʻai. Ka 12- 'Oihana hōʻuluʻulu e pili ana i ka hapalua o ka dietary nā polokina a me ke kō i, me pono me ka hapa uuku wale no o ka momona. Ma ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi enzymatic decomposition o ke aloha i huiʻia dala i loaa mai, akā, emi intensively a parietal predominant omo külana. Ka loa intensively kēia kaʻina ia lŘlŘ hope 1-2 hola ma hope o kaʻai. Ua aku i ka hana like i nāʻanuʻu i loko o ka'ōpū.

Nui liʻiliʻi - hope digestion ia hoonoho ai i

'O kēia ka hopena hapa o ka gastrointestinal'āpana, kona lōʻihi mea ma kahi o 2 m. Ka inoa o ka digestive'ōnaehana mooolelo no lākou anatomical helehelena, a me ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻomaopopo i kēia mahele i ka lani kiekie loa lumen. Ka laula o ka AeXIeAaOIePEAaI ua hoemi ia mai ka 7 a hiki i 4 knm i ka iho mai ana AeXIeAaOIePEAaI Oihana. Ma keia wahi ke kēia mau cii pee digestive'āpana:

• cecum, i paiiaʻi na ka, a i paiiaʻi;
• pii AeXIeAaOIePEAaI hookaawaleia;
• transverse AeXIeAaOIePEAaI;
• e iho mai ana AeXIeAaOIePEAaI hapa;
• sigmoid AeXIeAaOIePEAaI;
• pololei Oihana, pau anus.

Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo ai komo mai ka mea uuku liʻiliʻi a hiki i ka nui ma ka mea uuku e komo ai i loko o ka palapala o ka slit hoʻonoho horizontally. Aia i koe kekahi ano o ka sphincter kiwikā me ke kapa a ua ālai 'ka ingress maʻiʻo makapo kāleka i loko o ke ku pono ana i ka ao ao.

He aha keʻano o ka hanaʻana lawe wahi i loko o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi nui?

Inā ka pau kaʻina hana o ka digestion ai ma waena o kekahi a me ekolu paha hora, ka hapanui o ka anao? Aou noho ana i loko o ka pöpö lepo hoÿokahi i loko o ka AeXIeAaOIePEAaI. Ua hoʻololi i nā hana hoʻomāhuahua maʻiʻo omo manaʻo o na waiwai a me ka wai, a neʻe loa ma ke alanui, ke kahua a me ka wehe 'ia o nā feces. Physiological kūmau o kaʻai ana o ka ai hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo i loko o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi nui ma hope o 3-3.5 hola ma hope o kaʻai. Kēia 'Oihana ua piha i ka lā, i ukali ia e kona piha emptying o 48-72 hola.

Ma ka AeXIeAaOIePEAaI he mea omo o ka monakō koko,'amino nāʻakika, nā wikamina a me nā waiwai i lawe ia e koʻohune ma keia oihana, a me ka mea uie kekahi hapanui hewahewa (95%) o ka wai, a me ka like electrolytes.

Nā noho o ka gastrointestinal'āpana

Aneane pau nā loko a me na hapa o ka digestive'ōnaehana i noho ma microorganisms. Wale nō ka'ōpū i ka pili sterility (ka hookeai) ma muli i kaʻakika 'ia. Ka nui loa ka helu ana o koʻohune i loko o ka AeXIeAaOIePEAaI mea - i ia 10 ieeeea? / 1 g. O feces. Normal microflora o mānoanoa GI kapa eubioz a Radio nui i kūlana i kanaka ke ola:

• ua ālai 'ka hooulu ana o pathogenic microorganisms;
• hoʻololi kemikala o nā wikamina B a me K, nā'ūhū, hormones a me nā waiwai e pono ai i ke kanaka;
• splitting kelulose, hemicellulose a me pectins.

I ka pono a me ka nui o ka microflora o kēlā me kēia kanaka i kū hoʻokahi, a ua hooponopono ia e nā mawaho a me na aʻe.

E malama i kou ola!

E like me kekahi hapa o ke kino o ke kanaka, digestive'ōnaehana i e susceptible i ka maʻi likeʻole. Ka mea, i kekahi manawa me ka LIKE, mai waho pathogens pili. Eia naʻe, ina he kanaka i ola a me ka opu mea, ke hana me ka glitch, a pau nā palapala koʻohune i make, e make i loko o kaʻakika 'ia. Inā no kekahi kumu i ke kino ua functioning abnormally, laila,ʻaneʻane kekahi maʻiʻaʻai i hoʻomōhala, a alakai aku i ka loa ka hopena, e like me Ka maʻi 'aʻai ana i ka digestive nenoaiu. Ua pau i hoʻomaka me ka meaʻuʻuku: no kou kino, nele i loko o kā lākouʻai lohi fibrous ka ai, ka waiʻona a me ka momoma ai, pūnuku puhi, stress,'ōpahaʻai, ilihune i hoʻolilo 'ia a me nā hopena maikaʻi' aʻe i nā luku kou kino, a hoʻonāukiuki i ka hooulu ana o ka maʻi.

Digestive'ōnaehana mea pakahi aku la ia kūlana i ka luku keiki, mai ke waho. No laila, mai poina i ka hele 'inikua ka ninaninau i loko o ka' eleu kūpono a me ka nīnau aku i ke kauka i ka hihia o ka hoʻolako 'ole i loko o ka maʻamau functioning o ke kino.