German kona kalaka "Opel Blitz": mōʻaukala a me nā 'ano

"Opel Blitz" - ia Aloha paha kekahi o ka loa hanohano ia i kona kalaka i loko o ka Apana World War. Ka mīkini ua ike, no ka mea, ua ahakanaka la. Mākou iʻike i ke kaʻa, a ma o ka USSR. Aia ua no hoi he eha-huila a holo mana. Akā, e pili ana i ka mea i ike emi, naʻe ka mea, o kekahi o ka loa holomua i kona kalaka o ka manawa.

Ka loa mua ia i kona kalaka "Opel Blitz", loaa i loko o ka palapala o Nā Kia, o ka papa, ulu nō keʻano maoli nō hoihoi o nā mea a pau. Ke kaʻa i ole hana hoihoi wale no, a hiki i ka hopena o 1941 na Nā Kia a pau i loaa mai ma ka Soviet kaua, nana aku la loa pohihihi - ka hapanui koa iloko o ka lakou hee hope ana i ko lakou mau kaa, a me na lako a pan mau hoa paio. ? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka Kelemānia kaʻa hana ke haohao - machines he nui, hemolele loa. Kaa e like me eha-huila a holo "Blitz" i loko o ka USSR, a ua,ʻaʻole i nā mea a pau.

ka uila

Mōʻaukala o ka German kona kalaka "Opel Blitz" a me ka hapa o kekahi o ka mea nui i komo i loko o ke kaua, hoomaka ae la oi ma mua o peacefully. hoomaka ae la ke kaʻa, e kūkulu i ka 30th makahiki. Ka poe "Opel", i hope ka makahiki i lilo ai i ka waiwai o ka "General Hawaii", a hemo i ka moʻo o Ke Ana Hoʻohālike o ia i kona kalaka me ka payload o kekahi tona. Ka "Opel", e pili ana i kēia mīkini, e mālama mai i ka Reichswehr - laila ka German kaua i ka oko ao kekahi ma ka ikaika a me ka mea kākoʻo. Germany urgently pono affordable, i ka mea ia manawa ike loea, a mau nō ka ia i kona kalaka.

Commercial kaa a me ka manawa kākaʻikahi kapa e kupono inoa. Ma kēlā mau makahiki, ua hou keia a hiki i hanaʻi. No ia "uila" (i ka unuhi me "Blitz"), e hoopii i ka nui haʻuki kaʻa 'ole ke kinai mokulele hēkī. Akā, i ke kaʻa "Opel Blitz (uwila)" A ua maluhia. Akā, i ka makahiki 1935 mamuli o ka pilikia i loli i nā manawa i loli, a no ka mea Kelemānia automaker. Ua ua i loko o kēia makahiki i loko o Brandenburg pau ke kūkulu 'ana i kekahi laekahi hola, kahi ia i? Aaony e paka wale nō ia i kona kalaka. Ano, i ka Reich mau machines āpono like ka nui me hiki. I Ua kuapo i ke kalaka no i ka 3 tona. He hele mai i loko o ke ao nei i loko o ka 37th.

Hiʻona a me ka hoakaka

Ke kaʻa i ka manawa i manao like hemolele. Ke kāpena, papahana no ekolu kanaka, nana aku la heʻoluʻolu. E like me he eono-paukūʻolokaʻa engine, na kēia kanaka Kelemānia hoʻohana he 3.6-hano pa alima, a haawi aku 75 Hp Penei nōʻo ia ka mokuna ka wā hoʻouka kekahi ma luna o kekahi ohua moku lawe hae kumu hoʻohālike o ka Kelemānia hao.

Ka hui i hou i ka engine, a he elima-mämä holo manuale EYI hookahi-anuanu maloo lālau. Ka mīkini Ua lako pono me ka neaa hawewe absorbers. Ma 'ilikai alanui "Opel Blitz" me ia i ka mana hapa hiki e hōʻeleu i ke 90 km / h, i ua kiʻekiʻe loa mämä holo i ka manawa. Wahie hokii kaulua mai ka 25 a hiki i 36 nā lika no 100 ei.

Mau ana hoʻohālike laila, lilo loa i mea mahaloia imua o ka Wehrmacht. Eia naʻe, a me ka monoprivodnom kaʻa ka mea, ua nui loa e pono ai, a pau-huila a holo kona kalaka. Koa incursions a me ka paipai aʻo kai eʻe i ua paʻa ma na wahi he nui o ke ao nei - ka mea, i nā mea a pauʻokoʻa. Maoli ai, ma laila kahi i ka poe koa e hele aku i ka Reich, ke alanuiʻaʻole i loko o maka. Ka walaʻauʻana mana o ka hope-huila haawe-e hali ana nona iho o 3.3 nā kana ua piha i kā mākou nuipa 5800 kg. Hookuu kona 37 i ka 44 makahiki. Ka mīkini i ka wheelbase o 3,600 mm o, a me ka alaplpa kaumaha o ke kalaka o 2500 kg. Kaa i hoʻolako pono me ka hookahi wahie pahu o 82 nā lika. Ke kona kalaka no hoi i kela manawa, e ke kaula oka, i kekahi trailer he mau tona.

40, ma ka huipūʻana me ka monoprivodnom kēia hoomaka ae la e paka a me nā mea a pau-huila a holo kŘkohu. Here, elua-ka māmā holo hoolilo pahu hoʻouka kekahi ma ka hou a hiki i ka elima-māmā EYI.

engine

I ka mana o ka mokuna i mai 75 horsepower ma ka buke o 3,6 nā lika. Kēia engine mua hoʻouka kekahi ma ka ulia kaʻa "Adimarala", a me ka mea, ua hana maʻamau no o ka huakai. ʻO kā mākou ikehu o ka engine i hōʻike ma 3120 rev / min. Pake hana coincided me ka Soviet ZIS-5, akā, na ke Kelemānia a ua, ua uuku iho ka leo Aluminum crankcase, paukūʻolokaʻa poʻo i ka nou ana la o hao.

keia engine mīkini'opihia hiʻohiʻona i kekahi 'ano "ohua". No ka efficient ana o ka Hawaii e hoopau wale e like ai wahie. Kēia loa eliminates ka manawa kūpono o ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka wahie i lawe pio ai ma ka Hikina.

No keia mea, i loko o January 1942, "Opel" hoomaka ae la e hoʻomōhala engine hoʻololi 'ia me ka haʻahaʻa mīkini'opihia hiʻohiʻona. Mau loli Ua lawe mai i kekahi ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka mana i ke 68 horsepower. I kā mākou mämä holo ua hoʻemi i 80 km / h. Ka mīkini i ka hookoe maikai o ke kalaka i lako pono i ka wahie pahu o 92 nā lika.

Me ka modernization, a mahuahua i wahie hokii: ke kaʻa hoomaka ae la e hoopau mai i ka 30 nā lika o kiʻekiʻe-ka pono alanui, a ma kahi o 40 nā lika i aku-alanui ana.

Four-huila makou a holo

Poe akamai i-kakaolelo o ka German ulia kaʻa hana i ke kaua, ua kūkākūkāʻia i "Opel Blitz" Wehrmacht-huila a holo (papahana i ka 38th makahiki) ua i hana no ka pono o ka poe koa. I manaʻo ia mea loa paʻakikī. Kaa hou ma mua e pono ai, a Wehrmacht a me SS. Ma Reich he nui loa kona manao. A o ka mea, ināʻaʻole i ka poʻe, "Opel", e manao, a kūkulu ia i ka mīkini. Base hoʻohālike au i ka monoprivodnom ÷ ua iki pōkole. Maʻamau kona kalaka i kekahi kumu o ka 3600 mm o. Ke kaba a me ka Hawaii i hope. ʻae haʻaleleʻo ia me ka mea i. Ka mea, ua like me 225 millimeters. No kona kalaka-'āina ia mea,ʻaʻole nui. Ka hope huila Ua hoʻouka kekahi. Aie i ka mea maikai traction kona kalaka hiki piʻi i ka 40 degere.

Ma ka EYI'ōnaehana, e like me ka ua kaulana, ke i hou i ka hoolilo pahu. Kona hiʻohiʻona mea 1: 1,93. I ka Ia manawa lawe mai ka hoʻololiʻana, mai ka hoaka o ka lalani o ka lalo kona kapa hiki ia ma luna o ka hele - 'oe wale pono e hoʻohana i ka papalua lālau'ōpā. No kēlā mau makahiki, i kēia 'ole i Ua he rarity.

Four-huila a holo - o ka mahuahua throughput a oi kūpono ma nā alanui. Akā, i kēia mau pono i loaʻa nui mohai. Penei, mahuahua throughput, a me ka mea, māhuahua a me ka wahie hokii. Ma palapala holo'āina'ēʻikepili kona kalaka "Opel Blitz" au i, e hoopau mai i ka 40 nā lika. wahie i loko o ka neʻeʻana ma laila nō ole alanui. Akā, e pono e olelo mai ana, ma ka Kelemānia koa hele aku ma luna o kēia mau machines, wahie hokii, ua ole nui. I kā mākou ka mämä holo o ke kaʻa ma luna o ke ala, he 85 km / h.

Ho'āʻo ai i ua hoike ia keia palapala kalaka Makuakane pono a me kona hana. A pela, i ka 1940, i ke kaʻa holo i loko o ka moʻo. Ka mea mua e ho'āʻo ai ma luna o ka puu o ka malamalama kalepa kaa i hanaia i loko o ka 41 la makahiki. Ka mīkini Ua hoao ia ma Africa - ia i kona kalaka kuai ai no ka hana i loko o Rommel ka pūʻali.

Mea pilikia a me ke kālā

Huila a holo mana o "Opel Blitz" (nānā Hawaii photo i loko o kēia 'atikala), e nui maikaʻi ma mua o? Aaony blitzkrieg mākou. Kaua no Kelemania, a no ke ao nei a pau i huli i ka nunui koko pōʻino. Ma kona manaʻo, kanaka,ʻaʻole wale nō, akā, i enehana, a me hi. A e ka Kelemānia kaa , he hemolele, akā, ka mea e noho ana i loko o ka Akuma ka o ka 1941 ua literally bapetizo i loko o ka Lūkini mud. Winter aiʻaihueʻia Lūkini kiko'ī hoao no laila, ua pau ia i hooki i ka hoʻomaka. Ma ia ana, a pau-huila kipaku aku German kona kalaka "Opel Blitz" Ua i nā lilo i ka nele.

ka hoʻololi 'ana

"Blitz" ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia i loko o aneane a pau me ka ho okumu ana o ka Kelemānia kaua. wahie, ka mea i lawe mai ai, towing mea lapaʻau, kaʻi aku infantry.

Kona kalaka kaʻa hoʻouka kekahi i kekahiʻano o nā Ke Ana Hoʻohālike o ka laau a me ka metala kino me nā papa o ka loli iki ana kiekie, ke koʻokoʻo ma halelewa, mau papa noho a me nā manaʻo. Ma ke kumu o ka likeʻole ka hoʻololi 'ana i hana anuu. Model "Opel Blitz" huli mai e e loa versatile.

Kona kalaka e lawe aku i kaʻeha

Ka German poe "Mize" hoʻouka kekahi ma luna o kekahi kalaka ua hoʻokōʻia i ka hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe kino i loko a, e lawe aku i ka hoehaia, a hoʻonoho ihola iā lākou i loko o ka pae'ōnaehana kula, a me ke keʻena hoʻokolohua. Ka poe no hoi produces paʻa a me ke ahi i kona kalaka. Ke kumu hoohalike hoʻohana kaʻa EII ni, kūkuluʻia ma luna o ka hope-a holo anuu. Ma ke kumu o nā mea a pau-huila a holo ke ahi pahu i hanaia.

oeia W39

'O kēia paha ka loa pono-ike nā loli. Ia oe ke ike i ka Hawaii photo lalo nei. Mea kaʻa'ōhua no ke kaua, a hele mai la ia me nā mea a pau-metala kino. Loko mea hiki pono ke 30-32 kanaka. Hua mai la i kēia mau machines i 39 i ka 44-makahiki. Ke hoohalike Ua manao no ka amo ana o na ilamuku no ka hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe hana.

Mau nā kaʻa'ōhua noho i loko o ke keʻena luna, pai ana. Ke kona kalaka ke hiki aku i ka mämä holo o ka ia me ka waihona ipu kŘkohu. Wahie hokii mea ma luna o ke kanakolu nā lika no haneri kilomika.

Hooponopono hou ana o ka "Mule"

42 i ka 44 makahiki i hua mai la ma kahi o eha tausani hapalua-Track kona kalaka-nā kaʻa kauō ma ke kumu o ka "Opel" polnopriovdnogo kaʻa. Kekahi o nā Ke Ana Hoʻohālike 'oe ke' ike i loko o ka Hawaii photo lalo nei. Ma ka hooponopono hou ana i ka hoʻohana 'ana Lightweight kiko'ī. Ka laikini i kuai ai ma mua o ka kaua. Kona kalaka i hoʻolako pono me ke kākoʻo iwi kuamoʻo rollers a me nā meheu'ōnaehana EUIAaIN i ka mämä holo o ke kuapo.

Ua i kekahi o ka loa holomua kaa. ua hiki ke lawe wahi ma waena o ka "Ford" huahana ia, a "Klöckner-Deutz" kēia kŘkohu. Kaa ke kaupaona ua aneane eono tausani kilograms, a me 100 kilomika ka mea, ua pono 50 nā lika o ka wahie. Ka mämä holo i ka mea āna i ua hiki e hōʻeleu i ke kalaka, i ole oi aku mamua o 38 kilomika no hora (no ka mea, o ka mea kiʻekiʻe unladen kaumaha).

I kēia lā e hiki ke kuai "Opel Blitz (Mule)" 1:35. Ua emi pololei kŘkohu. It E e hana hoihoi i ka poe i hoihoi i ka oihana koa, a kaʻa mōʻaukala. Ma ke kumu o ke kaʻa hana a me nā hoʻololi 'ia, nae - kēia mau mea i ka papa kuhikuhiE poe, a me ka loa kaulana.

"Blitz" ma hope o ka kaua

Ma ke kauwela o ka makahiki 1944, ma hope, pili bombing, i ka papa kuhikuhiE hola elua "Opel" e hina. Ke? Iecaianoaaiiie o kēia mau ia i kona kalaka iʻula a ma ka "Daimler-Benz". Ma hope o ke kaua i lawe i ka Soviet Union, a me ka "Opel" me ka Americans ka ipu a pau, e kūkulu hou? Iecaianoaaiiuo, a hoomau iho la oia i ka paka mau ia i kona kalaka.

Ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki ia e e hookuu "Opel River Blitz", a e e kekahi mau maikaʻi oaoieei-ano a me ka lako a pan. Akā, i ka i kekahi moʻolelo.

ka hopena

A kii mai mākou i ka mōʻaukala o ke kalaka "Opel Blitz". Kelemānia "ka uila" - o ka mea like o Gorky ka "lorry". Akā, ua ikaika nui ae lakou Hardy a mākou Soviet lako a pan. Kona kalaka "Opel" Hōʻole e hoʻomaka i loko o ka loa aiʻaihueʻia a me ka oluolu, e noho "ma ka'ōpū" no ka mea, o ka 22-kenimikaʻae. I ka lā, i kēia mau machines hiki ke ike wale me he iau hōʻike nō ia o a emi kumu hoohalike i ka paulele i ka hoʻomana i hoiliili ole.