Hana hoʻoponopono-immolation o ka Buddhist mōneka. Pakiko-immolation i ka makahiki 1963

Mōʻaukala ike kekahi i kunewa hihia o kanaka, no ka mea kumu, i kane manaopaa, ma he pepehi anaʻia iā iho ho'āhewa wale, ke ahi e aa ana e ola ana ia lakou iho, a. Kēia palapala no he pepehi anaʻia iā iho kapa pakiko-immolation, a ma ka hapanui hihia i ke kanaka ana e hana ai ma ka mea e hoike i kekahi mea, e huki hoʻolohe i ka mea i mea nui loa ia ia. I ka makahiki 1963 ma South Vietnam loaʻa i kekahi hihia ma ka wahi - he pepehi anaʻia iā iho ma ka pakiko-immolation hana Buddhist mōneka Thich Quang Duc.

pōʻai ana

No laila, aha i ke kumu no ka i i puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka hana e like me ka unimaginable hana o ka Buddhist mōneka? Pakiko-immolation Duc i kālai'āina overtones, a ua pololei pili ana i ke kahua i ia manawa ma ka aina. Ua ua ike ia i loko o ka wā o ma ka liʻiliʻi 70% (e like me kekahi mau kumu - 90%) o ka heluna kanaka o South Vietnam hana Hoʻomana Buda. Nā mana, nae, o ka pono o States, i hana i nā kumu i loko o a ka Hui 'ê he nui maluna iho o Buddhists. Kakolika he oluolu e hoʻoneʻe i ka 'oihana hulili, e hoomakaukau ka mea, me ka lehulehu pomaikai, oiai ka Buddha mau ukali, ua malamaia lakou i ka lua-kūlana kanaka.

Buddhists i ua kaua ana no ko lakou mau pono, me ka nuiʻoi i loko o kēia confrontation lilo 1963. I May keia makahiki, ke kukulu hema Wiekanama Aupuni hooki i ka Buddhistʻahaʻaina o Vesak, hoʻohana 'ikaika e ku ei ka poe kanaka, i alakai aku ai i ka make ana o eiwa kanaka. I ka wā e hiki mai, ke kahua ma ka aina hoʻomau i deteriorate.

Ka pakiko-immolation o ka Buddhist mōneka

June 10, 1963 kekahi nā kānaka moʻolelo American hana ana ma South Vietnam, ia la ia mea ia e hiki i kekahi mea ano nui i ka ia la ae, ma ke alo o ka Cambodian kauoha malu. He nui nā poʻe e ole e lohe i keia olelo, akā, hiki no i kekahi mau reporters i ke kakahiaka ma ka wahi i'ōleloʻia ai. A laila, kauoha malu puakai huakaʻi o nä möneka, alakaʻiʻia e hoohauhee ana i ke kaa i holo Quang Duc. Ka i komo i lawe mai ai me ia placards ma luna i nā koi no ka like confessions i palapala.

Next, he Buddhist möneka, a i mua? Oaony a ua hoomakaukau ia e ka pakiko-immolation, i kekahi meditative oweliweli, a me kekahi o kona mau hoa la mai o ke kaʻa me ka kakolina ÷ wili, a ninini iho la i kona Contents ma luna o kona poʻo. Quang Duc, ma ka huli, hai aku "ka hiki wawe o ka Buddha", ma hope o ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka ihoiho i ke ahi iā ia iho. Ka poe i hiki mai ma ka wahi o ka mahele o ka makai ho'āʻo e hoʻokokoke i ka möneka Quang Duc akā, e hele pū ana kahunaʻaʻole i i ae aku ia ia, ho okumu i ke apo puni o ka poʻe e ola ana.

eyewitness

Eia ka mea David Halberstam, he kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa o ka nūpepa i ka New York Times, nānā pakiko-immolation, "I koho au Kuahiwi O i eʻike hou i kēia mau maka, akā, i kekahi manawa, ua oi loa aku ke kalekale ke kanaka i ke ahi i loko o ka lapalapa ahi, o kona kino emi aku ana lakou, a huli i loko o ka lehu. a me kona poo uaʻeleʻele, a charred. ia mea i nā mea a pau keia, ke aha lohi, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, au i ike ai i keia kanaka puhi koke, i ke ala o ka umu ahi e kanaka kino, e uwe ana Wiekanama hoakoakoa ae la a puni ... au i loko o ka moku'āina o ka hawewe, a hiki i hea au i hoʻihoʻi hou y me a ia ai ia aback ia ia i hiki ole noi mai nä nïnau a me kekahi mea e palapala aku He aha hiki au e olelo -, au hiki ole i ka manaʻo 'manao ia e pakiko-loaʻa kekahi e aa mōneka i keia manawa a pau i ole hoʻoneʻe, a hana ole wale. au e haʻi aku i ka hookahi kani. "

hoʻolewa

Ua hoonoho ia ka hoʻolewa o ka Buddhist mōneka no June 15, akā, uaʻula a ma hope o ka lā a hiki i 19 la lā. A hiki i ka manawa, i kona iho, ua i loko o kekahi o ka maha, kahi hope i laila 'o ia i ka pā ilina. Interestingly, i ke kino Quang Duc i cremated, akā, i ke ahi i hoopa ole i kona naau, a ua noho pū, a ua kuhi laa. Buddhist mōneka kona pakiko-immolation i hana i ka mea e hoʻokō e like me ka pahu hopu no a pau Buddhists, ike like me ka bodhisattva, i mea he kanaka me ka hoala e ae la ike paka i.

I ka wā e hiki mai, na luna o ka Hema Vietnam hele aku la i ka confrontation me na ukali o Hoʻomana Buda. No laila, i loko o Augate, e malu koa hoao e hopu i ka kea laa, koe ma hope o ka make ana o Quang Duc. Ka mea, e hoʻokele e hopu i ka naau o ka möneka, akā, e lawe ma luna o kona lehu, a aole e hiki ole. Naʻe, i ka Buddhist ulia, a i ia i ka makahiki 1963, koke i pau ai ma hope o ka pūʻali koa o ke kahua i coup, a hookahuli ae la i Pelekikena Diem.

ka hopena

Malcolm Brown, kekahi o na nā kānaka moʻolelo, ka poe i hiki mai ma ke kahua o ka pakiko-immolation o ka Buddhist mōneka, e hoʻokele e lawe i kekahi mau kiʻi o ka mea e hanaia. Kēia mau kiʻi i kau ma luna o ka muaʻaoʻao o ko ka honua ka nui nupepa, ana i ka hana 'i i ke kumu nui pili aupuni hopena. Ultimately, ke kukulu hema Wiekanama kanaka i loaʻa i ka hoʻomaopopo pono o ko lākou mau pono, e like me ka Buddhist mōneka kona pakiko-immolation i hana 'ia no ka pono o, lilo i aupuni meʻe.