Hana noʻeau "Matryona" - hilo a me ka manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē

Ma December 1961, A. I. Solzhenitsyn hoʻolauna i ka luna hoʻoponopono o ka Magazine "New World" Tvardovsky lua o ka moʻolelo (no ka nāʻana). Ua Ua kapaia " 'Aʻole ke kumukuai o ke kūlanakauhale me ke kanaka pono," akā,ʻaneʻane koke i Kapa hou i ke "Matryona". Ka pilikia ole wale i loko o ka huina hoonui maʻiʻo, akā, i loko o ka inoa i loaʻa ka "haipule manawa". Hoolaha i ka moʻolelo, ua wale ka makahiki hope - i loko o ka January pukana o ka makahiki 1963 heluhelu i ka loa i lohe nui i loko o ka palapala, ai 'USSR Magazine.

Ke kuka o ka moʻolelo

Oiai kapaia he thaw. No keia hopena, kekahi mau kumu, ua nui loa miliona o nā pio o Stalin mau wahi hoʻomoana, a me nā pio haʻalele i ka wahi me ka hau kaumaha a me ka wao akua aniau a loaa kekahi hapa o ka 'Eulopa Union -ʻaʻole i loko o ka nui kulanakauhale (ka mea, i ole ae malaila), a ma na kauhale a me nā kauhale o ka waena koa. Eia, i waena o ka mālie rustling i ka lau o ka ulu lāʻau, kokoke i ka maluhia e kahe muliwai, dolgostradaltsam a pau he meaʻoluʻolu a me ka hoʻonānea. Aka ola, a hiki i loko o kēia mau wahi ua ole maʻalahi. E kiʻi i ka 'oihana i ole oluolu, e hiki'ē ma mua o nei, ka wā a he wheelbarrow mua kanaka paa makemake ole e hilinaʻi. Mau ka noho ana i ole ko lakou kupikipikio ma ka narrator, ma ka 'aoʻao o ka narrator. He manaʻo i nā manaʻo pono no ka kŘpa mea mea,ʻo ia e komo i ka hana i loko o ka kua'āina kula makemakika kumu, imi i wahi e noho ai. Kēia i kona "iniiaiie hana, a me nā nīnūnē hoalaia." Ma Matryona, alakai aku laʻaʻahuʻoluʻolu hoalauna, he wahine kuai i ma ke alahao wahi i ku ai me ka waiū. Other koho ka mea, i ho'āʻo i ka ia i nele noho i wale he wahine luahine. Kona inoa ua Matryona. A i kā lākou mau hoalauna.

hoomau

A hele akula i loko o makahiki 1956, i ke aupuni ua loli ka hailona, akā, i ka aina ola koe ilihune. He nui, ao ke ano o ke kua'āina ola moʻomanaʻo-Stalin au casually ho'ā Aleksandr Isaevich i loko o ka moʻolelo "Matryona". I ka pilikia o kona mau landlady kēia mea heluhelu i mea AICIeOEOI, akā, i loko o ke kakahiaka nui Khrushchev makahiki, ua ku iho la ia ma ke alo o na mau kama'āina nui aupuni. Kolkhoz hoomau - ilihune, vosmidesyatirublevaya (8 rubles hou, pou-mihi.) - a i ua ole hilinai wahine pono ottrudivsheysya ola. Hele aku la ia ma luna o he nui, o kaʻohiʻana i kekahi loaa ka palapala o ka mea i make ke kane, ka wāʻalo me ka mau naʻaupō kēia callousness a unfriendly bureaucratic palaka, a, ma ka hopena, i kona iho. Aku la oia i hoomau, a me ka lawe i ka mooolelo nā uku no ka kvartirovanie kumu (Ignatyitch, ma ka 'aoʻao o ka a ka moʻolelo ua haʻi), ka mea i loaa mai i loaa ma ka kua'āina mau hae, o ka nui ka nui - (. Ma hope o 1961 18 rubles) like ka nui me hoʻokahi haneri a me kanawalu rubles - "e make mea,ʻaʻole e pono ".

A me ke kaʻa peat ...

peat

Ae, i kēia 'ano o ka wahie ua pinepine ia no ka paio hahana maoli nō ma ka wahi me ka weuweu aniau. Pēlā ka manaʻo i ka mea e e lawa i ka a pau, akā, ma ka uaua aku o ka lanakila o ka Soviet kanalima ikeia shortage o ka mea a pau i ua pono no kanaka. Kēia kahua Ua pili kēia malamaia i ka Soviet'āina. Ka High Field o ka berena ua i kālua, ua i kuai i ka huina hoonui, ka mea a pau i ke kauo i mauʻeke mai o ka 'āina' waena. Akā, ma ka hou, e hoolako i edible heluna kanaka, A. I. Solzhenitsyn e haʻi ana i kekahi mea nui, ao ke ano o ke kua'āina ola i loko o "Matryona" moʻolelo. paio hahana maoli nō like aina alakaʻi kahe i ua hoakaka hala ma i ka noho ana o ke kauhale, a ua hoʻoholo lākou iā ia iho, a pehea hiki: aihue peat. Ignatich naively manaoio aku i ka wahie kona kalaka - ka mea, 'o ka hailona, i mea e lawa ai no ka mea a pau ka hooilo, akā, maoli koi ekolu like he nui loa. Peat kauo aku la ia ma luna o nā wāhine o nā kauhale a pau - me ka pilikia o ka lawe pio ai, e huna ana ia lawe malu ia, mai ka Luna hoomalu i ka mehana i loko o kou hale, o ka papa, e malama.

Personal ola

Matrona ka hale waiho ample, koke puipui, akā, mai ka manawa i ka manawa, a me ka nele o kane mau lima i hele mai i ka dilapidated moku'āina. I ka moolelo o ka waiwai aʻe hoʻiʻo ia ma mua o ka kipi. Ka haku wahine i mare, au i noho ai 'aneʻi no ka lōʻihi manawa, i hanau i na keiki eono, i kekahi o ka mea ola. hoala mai i kana kaikamahine iho Matrona kaikamahine, lawe aʻelaʻo ia mai ka 'ohana i ka nui o ka hoahanau o kana kane ka. Aia ua backstory: i ka wahine mare,ʻo ia ua ana, e haʻalele no Thaddeus, i kana makana "divirya" akā, i 'Aʻole e holopono ana. He nalowale i loko o ka German koa wiwoʻole, aʻaʻoleʻo ia i kali, mare i kona kaikaina. Thaddeus hope i hōʻike mai, ua huhu loa, akā, ua noho Matrona me Efim.

ua lilo ka waiwai pono i ke kumu o ke kaua ma waena o poe hoahanau, i ke hoʻoholo pehea e kaʻana ka mea, Matryona. Pilikia a me nā manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē i hoʻohana ma ka wā e hiki mai hooilina, ua kena ae la he nuiʻokoʻa, a mysteriously alakaʻi i ka wahine i ka make.

Life a me ka loneliness

Ke kūlanakauhale - he kūikawā honua, ma ka pono o ko lākou mau unwritten kānāwai. Matrona nui manao naʻaupō kēia. Ia mea,ʻaʻole he hale i maliuʻia i loko o aneane a pau. I? Ieaoa mea pilikia i loko o ka hana "Matryona" ia manaʻo i ka nele o ka bipi, a me ka puaa, me ka i nā kama'āina hiki ole maʻamau hana. Nema aku ia ia no ka mea, aole he mea makemake, kekahi mea ike i ka mea makemake i ka mehameha waena-elemakule wahine e ola ana? Oia ka ii Ua maopopo wehewehe i ke kumu no keia ka palaleha. Waiu haawi ia ia i ke kao i a ka hassle o kaʻai mea nui i emi (ia mea,ʻaʻole ka minoʻaka ana o ka hanai ana i ke kahuhipa, a ola meaʻilihune). O ka noho ana a pau i loko o kona olaʻiole, cockroaches oopa popoki yeah, no i neia manawa, ua nui loa - i ka ka mea a pau "Matryona". senile loneliness pilikia ua, mea a e ia.

ka pono

Ano ka mea, Ua pono, e hoole i ka inoa o ka palapala mana o ka moʻolelo. He aha ka uku i ke kanaka pono, a me ke kumu o ka Orthodox manaʻo mea pili i ka hapanui ano o kua'āina e noho ana ma kaʻilihune, loneliness, a he wahi okoa ka nui miliona o ka wahine e like me ia a pau, mai ma ka Soviet Union? He aha hana mea okoa ia mai na mea e ae? Heʻaʻohe mea känalua 'ole Aleksandr Isaevich i makemake, e kapa aku i kona hana pono? He aha e nā pilikia i loko o ka moʻolelo "Matryona" ia ke hoala mai?

Ka mea i Marya mai he nui kanaka e like ai. Ua loa aole e kōkua 'ē aʻe, me ka hoolilo ana i ka olelo ma waena o "maikaʻi" a me ka "hewa." He hele mai predsedateleva wahine, o ka wahine mea nui, a me ka aplomb koi 'ia (i noi aku ai) e hele i ka hana, "e kōkua i ka aina." Ua i mai no hoi ia wale notifies i entrenching mea paahana e pono e lawe. Ke hoomanawanui i ka wahine kūpuna a me ka manao e like me ka mea i haawi mai, akā, laila, ua haohao o ia ka manawa e hiki mai ana. Like no na hoalauna, a laila, a mai e pono ai, e ninau no ka Matrona - ka mea, he mau makaukau i ka mea kaua,ʻaʻole e noʻonoʻo ia, no kona kuleana hana a me ka hoole i kekahi mea uku, nae ia mea makemake i loko o kekahi hihia i eha. Ignatich i lohe mai kona hoohewaia ana o kekahi hana, kona kahu loaʻia,.

make ana o Matrona

Ka notorious "hale pilikia" mea maoli kā mākou waiwai pio, i ka mau, maikai kanaka. A me na hana o na huapalapala i ae aku, mai keia pilikia. Ma ka moʻolelo o ko Solzhenitsyn ka "Matryona" kahiko Thaddeus ia i lilo i ke kanaka hai olelo o ka bustlingʻano makeʻe a me ka excessive thrift. He hiki ole kali i ka loaʻa 'ana o ka hooilina i hoʻoili aku ai i, a me ka pololei manawa. Me ke kūkulu ulu nīnūnē: mailaila aku a hiki i ka luahine i ole e pono ai,ʻo ia manao, e lawe ia ma ke kaʻawale, a neʻe i aku la ia ia. I iho, ua makemake ka mea hewa me ka ole i olelo ia, akā, ia mea nui, e hoailona oukou iʻaneʻi i Thaddeus ike i Matrona ke ole e hoole aku. Nā nīnūnē hoala mai ai i loko o ka moʻolelo "Matryona" nei i loko o ke kaiāulu, ka nānā 'ole o ka makahiki kona pae. Kanaka p'a me ka wikiwiki, ma ka hopena, e alakai i ka lono kaumaha ulia. I huiiaʻi me overloaded sleigh me ka hana pono hana oki ae la ma ke alahao i kela kapa, mau ukali O Keaukaha mai i nana ole ia, a uaʻalo me ke kaʻa kauō. People e make, a me Matrona, ka poe i lawe i mau ana, e kōkua.

Ihola nō ia, a he mea e hoomanao

Maaleaʻike manaʻo, irony a me ka hiki 'aka Quotes makana i loko o ke aloha loa me ka papa kuhikuhi ano o ka moʻolelo "Matryona". Pilikia a me nā manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē i hoʻopā'āluaʻia i loko o ka hoʻolewa kanikau, a me ka uwe ana, i decoded kekahi mau huapalapala ma ka clarifying lākou oiaio maka pua. Ke heluhelu hiki ole ke kōkua lilo i ka hōʻinoʻia ma luna o ia i ke koʻikoʻi kalaiia pahu Matrona, na wahine i ke ola ana o ka pono a me ka guileless, kahili no laila, Ka Uluwehi O Ke a me ka intriganskie 'ike kahe. Aia mau, nae, a me na kanaka nana au i aloha i ka mea i make, ke kahea aku me ka manao pono. Thaddeus manawa mea i'ō i: ia urgently e pono e lawe mai i ka waiwai a ka mea i hala, a me ka la ia "Wehewehe i nā hāʻina i ka pilikia", e mālama i kekahi Wake, i, e like me ka pinepine o ka hihia, ana aneane lealeaʻahaʻaina. A pau i kēia i loko o ka wahi mua hōʻike mai i ka pono pilikia.

Ma ka moʻolelo "Matryona", like i loko o nā hana o A. I. Solzhenitsyna, ka mea kākau moʻolelo merge mea hoʻonāukiuki i ka mea lapuwale, pakiko-ana i heluia, i ke ola, a me ka manaoio ma ka pono o ka hoʻomaka maikai.