Haploid aeee: ano, puunaue, multiplication

Haploid keena - keia mea, ma ka 'ōlelo o ka iloko ona i kakauia he hookahi huapalapala o chromosomes. Ua Ua, holo nōhie, na gametes - oia hoi, aeee manao no? Aneii. I haploid kau o chromosomes i ka loa prokaryotic meaola. Somatic keena o eukaryotes (nā mea a pau, koe ke keka) - diploid mea kanu i e polyploid.

Ka 'ole o ka prokaryotic keena

Prokaryotes nā meaola, oia hoi o ka hookahi halepaahao, ma a ole Kora naʻEsau. Mau nā wale koʻohune. Ka hapa nui o ia i ka hookahi huapalapala o chromosomes.

'Ole o ka eukaryotic aeee mea okoa, mai ka mea i ka mea i nele i kekahi o na organelles. No ka laʻana, ka mea e mai i mitochondria, lysosomes, Golgi i hoʻomākaukauʻia, vacuole, endoplasmic reticulum. Eia naʻe, e like me ka eukaryotic, prokaryotic haploid aeea he wai kokoʻili lahilahi oia hoi o nā polokina, a phospholipids; ribosomes, komo i loko o ke ana o nā polokina; ke kelepona hele pa, a ma ka hapanui o na hihia ua kūkulu o ka murein. No hoi i ka mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku i e noho i loko o ia o ka halepaahao me nā hale, i nā 'ona e like me nā polokina a me ka monakō koko. Lākou mau chromosomes lana wiwo ole ma ka cytoplasm, nucleus, a me ka mea, i hoomaluia e kekahi'ē aʻe 'ole. Loa pinepine, i ka hereditary nā o koʻohune ua poe e wale kekahi chromosome, ma i hōʻike ua palapala ma luna o nā nā polokina i mea e e hua mai la ma ka halepaahao. Ano O propagation o ia mau meaola - he mea mahele o ka haploid keena. Ua apono 'ia i loko o ka shortest manawa me ka nui loa hoomahuahua i ko lakou helu.

eukaryotic keena me ka hookahi huapalapala o chromosomes

Ma keia ano o ka meaola haploid nuclei pihaʻi me aeee kapa gametes. Ka mea, e ia nō okoa mai ka somatic. Nā'ōlelo mea moe haploid keena, a me ka mea hou kino ke hoʻomaka e hoʻomōhala i ka confluence o nā gametes, synthesized ma kekahi mau kanaka o ka hookahi? Ueo wale.

I hanaʻia ma ke kuʻi nukeliu o elua haploid aeea kapaia he zygote, ia ua paʻa i ka papalua kau o chromosomes. I loko nō o ka mea i ka germ aeee i okoa mai ka somatic diploid, ka mea hiki nō i organelles kekahi hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o eukaryotes.

holoholona gametes

Sex keena o ka meaola i pili i ke aupuni, i kapaʻia ka sperm a me ka hua. First hua mai i loko o ke kino o ke kane, ka lua - wahine. Hua hua mai la i ka ovaries a me ka sperm keena - i loko o ka hoʻi. A me ka poe a me kekahi poe e ae - hana kūikawā haploid keena, a i kekahi mau hana.

Ka 'ole o ka hua manu

Female anal aeee i nui nui Ana ma mua o nā kānaka. Ka mea, i paa. Lākou mau papa kuhikuhiE hana - e i ka zygote no ka manawa mua i ka māhuaola e pono ai no ka mahele. Ka hua manu ninoieo o cytoplasm,ʻili lahilahi, gelatinous iwi Polar kino, a me ka nucleus, a he chromosome e hali ana i hereditary ike. Nō hoʻi i loko o kona 'ole he cortical granules i pihaʻi me nā'ūhū, ua ālai' ē aʻe sperm i loko o ka halepaahao ma hope fertilization, a hiki ke hana polyploid zygote (me ka Triple, a me ka lākou o chromosomes), a makemake entail me ka dukima mutations.

Hua manu hua hiki ke manao ia no hoi, akā, inā loaʻa nui aku ka mahuaola e e lawa ai no ka ulu kūpono 'ana o ke embryo. Female germ keena o mammals na he nui ke aloha Nine Inch, e like me ia ma ka kuʻina ma hope o ka ulu ana o ka embryo ma ke keiki,ʻo ia ke launa mai i ka mea pono, mai ka makuahine.

Ma ka hihia o nā manu ia, aole ia ole, no laila, i ka holoʻokoʻa lako o ka mahuaola pono initially e noho i loko o ka hua. Ka hua manu i ka oi luna '' ole. Ma luna o ua uhi ka yolk sac a me ke kumuʻiʻo iwi me ka iwi, a ua loaa he aiiay papa mea i noho i loko o ka 'ole o ka lewa keena, i mea e pono ai o oxygen embryo.

Ka 'ole o ka sperm

'O kēia kekahi haploid keena manao no? Aneii. Kona papa hana o ka malama ana a me ka EYI o paternal hereditary mea. Kēia haploid aeea ka lawe lima i ka mea uuku ka nui ma mua o ka hua manu, e ka mea i ka mea, iloko ona ole ka mahuaola.

Sperm ninoieo o kekahi mau papa kuhikuhiE māhele: ka huelo a me ke poo o ka palapala kāleka therebetween. Huelo (flagellum) ua haku o microtubules - hale i kūkuluʻia mai o nā polokina. Mahalo iā ia, i ka sperm ke neʻe i kona pahu hopu - ka hua manu, aʻo ia e fertilize.

Kuwaena hookaawale ma waena o ke poo a me ka huelo he mitochondria, a i hoʻonohonoho helically puni i ka waena hapa o ka flagellum, a me ka mau o centrioles e moe ana ÷ haku i kekahi i kekahi.

Ka mua - ia organelles ia hua ikehu, i mea e pono ai ka neʻeʻana o nā gametes. Ke sperm poʻo mea he Kernel a loaʻa he haploid lākou o nā chromosomes (23 i loko o kānaka). Ma ka waho o keia hapa o ka kane reproductive aeee mea autosome. I mea, ka mea, ua kānaka Hoʻololi ', mahuahua lysosome. Ua loaʻa nā'ūhū i mea nui e sperm hiki hoike mai i kauwahi o ka mea mawaho iwi hua, a fertilize ia. Ma hope o ke kane gamete merges me ka wahine, he zygote ua hana i paʻa i ka diploid helu o chromosomes (46 i loko o kānaka). Ka mea, i ka hiki i ka puunaue, a me ka hana i mea embryo.

Haploid kanu keena

Meaola o keia "aupuni" e ulu like reproductive keena. Women, pū, ua kapaʻia hua, a me na kanaka - sperm. Ka mua o loko o ka pistil, a me ka lua o ka - ma ka stamen, pollen. Ma hope o Hoʻokaʻaʻike ma luna o konaʻai i fertilization i, a laila, i hanaʻia i ka hua me na anoano o loko.

Ma lalo mea kanu (spore) - mosses, Fern - he mea he alternation o ka hanauna. One reproduces asexually (spores), a me ka mea 'ē aʻe - nā kiʻie hōʻikeʻike. Ka mua ua kapaʻia ka sporophyte, a me ka lua - gametophyte. E hōʻike mai iā ia'amaʻu sporophyte mea kanu me ka nui a lahilahi, oiai ka gametophyte - uuku uliuli 'ole i loko o ke kinona o ka naʻau ma luna o ka mea a me ka ke keka aeee i hana.