Ka wai kokoʻili lahilahi: i hūnāʻia palena

ola o ka halepaahao i hiki wale no ka mea, okoa nā'ūhū a me nā waiwai e hui pu ole ai, a me ka halepaahao mea ano hoopono. A pau i kēia mea hiki wale nō ma keʻano o nā membranes. A aeea ua nui delimited mai nā kūikawā 'ole ka inoa "cytoplasmicʻili lahilahi."

Ike ina paha kona i ka mālamalama microscope? Ka pane ua ole, Ae, ua ike i ka palena, akā, i kaʻili lahilahi iho - oi ka lole 'ole. I kekahi manawa, aole makou i ike i ka halepaahao palena, no kekahi laʻana, ka wā nānā akula au i loko o ka malamalama microscope ke akepaʻa keena. Akā, No ke aha lā mākou eʻike i nā hihia, ke kelepona hele mau mokuna, ina paha ia mea i kaʻili lahilahi?

I mea ia nadmembrannye papa o carbohydrates, a nō ma waena o na keena. Hoʻokemu ke kalameaʻai, pela no oe i manao i keia mea i ka wai kokoʻili lahilahi me ka holomua e oki ai.

I ka ho okolohua ka mea i loaʻa i ka aeee i i ua bapetizo ma pāʻoihana a me kekahi osmotic puʻe, hu nui ae la a emi aku ana lakou, a 'o ia hoʻi i ka mea, ua hoopuniia e kaʻili lahilahi i ua wehewehe aku ma e wae permeability.

Ua hōʻike pū i i ka halepaahaoʻili lahilahi mea he luawai-permeable, ina mea e ho'āʻo e komo waiwai i mea wailana ma lipids. Ma ka panina manaʻo gidrofilnye na welau o kaʻili lahilahi nā lātoma, noonoo iho la ke alo ma waho, a me ka hydrophobic - loko. Huina'ine microscopy pū hoao iho la ia ia ka mea 'ē aʻe pilikia. Ma kekahi, lolouila kiʻi e ike hiki i ka pā papa i anuanu, a i na, oa lipid papa Aia ma ke kihi.

Ka wai kokoʻili lahilahi ma kā lākou mea impermeable i macromolecules, no laila, cytoplasmic nā polokina mea,ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa mai o ka halepaahao ma ia. ʻO nā polokina i loko o ka halepaahao, hana osmotic puʻe, no laila, i ka pono nui o ka wai i loaʻa i loko o ka halepaahao. Naʻe, i kēia kaʻina mea i mana loa, no ka mea, i loko o ka mea interstitial loli mai ka waho, pū, ma laila nō nā waiwai i ke koena i ka osmotic puʻe.

No ka Loaʻaʻia koena unuhi koe i ka pilina paʻa plasmaticʻili lahilahi E i dielectric waiwai. Ua hoi paipai kānakaʻepekema i ka manaʻo i ka hailonaʻana o kaʻili lahilahi lipids, a i dielectric waiwai. Me ka makemake ole hōʻike kona waiwai wai kokoʻili lahilahi.

Ke 'ole a me kona oihana i pili, e laʻa me, he hana nona iho, e malama i ka likeʻole i loko o nā nā hoʻohui like o ka potasiuma a me ka paʻakai Ion ua pili me ka kūikawāʻano papa hana i loko o kaʻili lahilahi - paʻakai-potasiuma EII ni. Ion hoolilo pela hoakaka he'ūhū e hana ma luna o ka ikehu keena, ke kaʻina i ke kumu no ka mea. Ka halepaahao i ka "uku" no ke koena. I koi "waihona kālā" a me ka hoolilo ana o monakō koko, momoma nāʻakika,'amino nāʻakika.

An hana hoihoi hiʻona o ka halepaahaoʻili lahilahi like ia mea asymmetric, i mea, kona loko, a ma waho surfaces mea i ka ia, eia nae ka mua noiʻi ma ke kumu o ka huina'ine microscopyʻikepili noʻonoʻo ma keia aoao. All māhele carbohydrate-i loaʻa ka glycoprotein nā lātoma nei iluna ma kela aoao o ka pā ili o kaʻili lahilahi, a i 'ole ma o ka ho okumu nadlipidnogo, ahu iho. Ka mawaho ili o ka halepaahao i kekahi mau kūikawā nā lātoma kapa receptors, ka mea, he aha ka mea i kekahi nā lātoma o ke kaiapuni. Penei hooponopono ana i ha awina o ka halepaahao, e hiki ke hoʻoulu ai uhi ke kaumaha ma muli o ka kino i ka mea e pono ai. A i loko o ka loko lilo o kaʻili lahilahi loaʻa he wahi lihi iki o ka naʻokoko.

Biochemical haʻawina i hōʻike i ka halepaahaoʻili lahilahi, nā polokina i ka pahale loko, a ma waho membranes i ole'ālike, akā, okoa phospholipids i loko o ka haku mele 'ana o kēia mau surfaces mea no hoi he like. Kekahi o kēia mau hiʻona hiki ke ike e like me ka huina'ine microscope.

E like me 'oe ke ike, no ka haʻahaʻaʻili lahilahi mea,ʻaʻole no ka mea, akā, ma ka mea, e ike i na keʻano o ka hanaʻana, i nā kānakaʻepekema, e kūkulu, a na hypotheses i ka ai ia e hoole.