History a me ka mea makau o Bern

He aha e oe i ike e pili ana i ke kulanakauhale o Bern (Kuikilana)? Nā hiʻona'āina kona kupaianahaʻano, a me nā kaao pili me ia, hui aku lilelile waihoʻoluʻu. He aha ua i ke kumu no ka inoa o ke kulanakauhale? He aha ka ka mōʻaukala o kona ka molekumu o, a me ka mea e maopopo leʻa e ike i loko o kēia kūlanakauhale - keia a pau au e aʻo mai i kēia 'atikala.

Berne

Ka inoa o ke kulanakauhale o ke kapikala o Kuikilana , a me ka hoʻomalu waena o ka Canton. Ua Ua Aia ma kaʻaoʻao'ākau o ka Alpino ma luna o ka muliwai Aare, ma ke kikowaena aina o Kuikilana.

ma kahi o 140 tausani kanaka e ola ana maanei. Bern - i ka papa kuhikuhiE kālā a me ka pili aupuni iwaena konu, e like me ia nei i ke aupuni 'a pau nui ke aupuni hale, a me nā kikowaena kapa o Kuikilana.

Aia nō nā kaʻao o ka inoa "Bern". Ka mua olelo o ka consonance me ka hua'ōlelo "lawe i» (Bar) - i ka holoholona, i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o Berne pepehi i ka i hoʻohālua mua i loko o kēia wahi. Lua - ka mea, e loulou iho ai i ka inoa i Verona, Italy, e like me ke kulanakauhale iʻikeʻia i loko o ka pili mau hoa launa me na keonimana o Verona. A me ke kolu, me ka loa paha kuhiakau o ke kaao olelo o ka Celtic hua'ōlelo "mauna» (bren), a ma hope hoʻi pūʻali i ka palapala.

Mōʻaukala o ke kaona

I ka mokuna o kēia Bern i nohoiaʻi i loko o ka II kenekulia BC Celtic ohana. A laila, i ka wa kahiko Roma hooponopono i loko o kēia wahi. I ka 1191, Duke Berthold V hoʻokumu i ke kulanakauhale o Bern. Duke i ole waiho mau hooilina a me kona mau aina i hooholoia i Frederick II - ka Auguseto o ka Uhane Roma aupuni a pau. Bernie ikea mai ke kūlana o ke kulanakauhale imperial.

A i loko o ka XIII kenekulia, e loaa ka pono i ka pakiko-aupuni, i ke aloha i ka hoʻopuni mōneka palapala "Goldenʻo Samuel M. o Bern." Na Samuel M. hākālia nō ma luna o ka kūlana o imperial kulanakauhale a me kona nui pono.

I ka 1353 Bern lilo kekahi hapa o Hawaiian "Unionʻewalu aina." Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole iʻaelike ai me ia i ka hoʻopaʻi,ʻo ia 'Imi kokua aku i ka pono o ka 35 makahiki, ma hope i nae loaa Kuokoa, i ka loa ikaika loa Alpine kulanakauhale-moku'āina.

Bern Hawaii, hōʻikeʻano

Ua pono e mai la oia ia mea he integral hapa o ke kulanakauhale i ke kiʻi o ka bea. He Ua loihi i malamaʻi, me he heraldic kii o Bern, a ua pili pū iā ia i ke kaʻao o ka hoʻokumuʻo o ke ana. Ka loa emblematic wahi o ke kulanakauhale, o ka ai-kapaia Bear lua ole Berengraben. He He nani pāka me ka moat kahi o nā hōʻailona ola o Bern ola.

Ke kapikala o Kuikilana ua pinepine kapaia ke kulanakauhale o ka punawai. Aia, ua oi aku mamua o 100, a me ka hapanui e nō i loko o ka XVI kenekulia. Oiaio no, keia mea i ka loa hana hoihoi hoi na mea makau a Bern. Ka mea, i mua kūkuluʻia me ka wai kahi, akā, ma manawa i hoomaka ai e pāʻani i ke kūlana o ka aesthetic manao o ke kulanakauhale alanui -'ōlelo kēlā o ia i ka moʻoleloʻokoʻa.

Pūnāwai i loko o ka hanohano o ka hoʻokumuʻo o ke kulanakauhale, ua i loko o ka palapala ana i kekahi kiʻi o Berthold ma medieval kapa kila, a noho hanau wawae. Mai ka 'ike oo ole e hoopahee auanei a me ka punawai Runner kokoke Nideggskoy Church, Koo kaua, kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale keʻena, e like me ke kumu o Mose a me na kauoha i loko o kona mau lima, a me ka punawai o ka Mea Paipala meʻe - Samesona.

Noonoo pono i ka papa kuhikuhiE Hawaii o ke kulanakauhale o Bern, mai hoopoina i hookiekie ae i kona poo mai, a me ka - ma ka facades o ka hale, he mea oiaio amusing sculptures, symbolizing ka hanauna handicraft hana o nā kupa kahiko o ka hale.

kahiko kulanakauhale

I ka 1405 Bern iʻino poino ma ke ahi. Kukulu hou i ke kulanakauhale ana wale ma ka XVII, maiʻaneʻi, a he mau punawai a me arcades. A hiki i ka lā keia ano o ke kapikala kokoke i ole loli, a ma ka makahiki 1983 i ka UNESCO kūlike i ka malama ana o ka mōʻaukala konu, kahi e loaʻa nō kokoke a pau na mea makau a Bern.

Hike mai ke koa a hiki i ke kikowaena e Shpitalgasse alanui kaulahao, Marktgasse, Kramgasse a me Gerehtikaytgasse. I ka loa hoʻomaka o ke alanui o ka halepule Shpitalgasse Hayliggaystkirhe hana baroque, a hoʻokumu i loko o ka XVIII kenekulia. Ke alanui welau i ka uwapo Nideggbryukke kahi ka manao wehe i ke kumu nui kulanakauhale ka skyline.

Barenplats (Bear wahi) o ke kikowaena wahi o ka Old Town, inā loaʻa Kefigturm hale kiaʻi. A me Kornhausplats huinahalike mea he punawai me ka weliweli inoa "Kindlifresserbrunnen" ke hoʻololi e hoʻomakaʻu i ka poe hewa iki.

Not e hōʻike i ka mea makau e like me ka Berne Tsitlogge - Tower me ka Astronomical uaki. Kela a me keia hora kii ma luna o lākou e hele mai e ola ana, ae hōʻike ana iauaeoia oo? Ecia he mea kupaianaha e nānā: ka moa poʻo nui, e ke kanaka naaupo! Hits ka gong hele ana bea, naita hahau i ka bele, a me ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe liona e kiai ana i kēia hana.

Protestant Hale Pule Nui

Kuhikuhipuʻuone palena'āina Bern ÷ ike i keʻano o nā styles mai Kokika a hiki i ka pakebona, a me ka Baroque. No laila, ma kaʻaoʻao hema o ka Old Town mea he Kokika Hale Pule Nui. Kona kūkuluʻia hoomaka ma ka 1421 akā, i ole pau. Ko lākou hoʻomanawanui nō e kūkulu i kona wale i ka MH 1889.

Steeple luakini i ke kiekie o ma kahi o 100 mika, a me ka papa kuhikuhiE bele anawaena 247 knm kaupaona 10 nā kana. Bas-kokua ma ke komoʻana o ke kiʻi kaula 200 nui a me ka mea uuku depicts he kiʻi o ka hope hoopai.

Loko o ka Hale Pule Nui ka loa akea hoi. I ka manawa o ka Reformation la oia i ke akamai o ke kiʻi, akā, mea pōmaikaʻi, o ka lako o ka XVI kenekulia, a me ka papa hīmeni i ua la i ka malamaia.

Ma kahiko hoʻohaumiaʻo aniani puka makani o ka Hale Pule Nui eh ÷ ike ai Mea Paipala, e hoohuli mai i ke kauoha kahiko, e like me ka pono i kanaka o ka heraldry rula ana kulanakauhaleʻohana. Kekahi o ka loa Haliʻaaʻela ka manaʻoo mākou hoʻohaumiaʻo aniani ua kapaia "Dance" a me "Dance o ka Holo Malie". Ua Ua manaoia e hoʻomaopopo i ke anaina kanaka i na kanaka a pau e kali ana no kekahi hanana.

ka hopena

Ma ka XII kenekulia, e hiki i ka moʻolelo kupaianaha o Bern. Me ka mea makau o keia kulanakauhale, ua laki. Olioli ole oo? Enonei-? Loaa 'aneʻi punawai, hoʻonaniʻia me ka hana sculptures o ka pakebona, kahiko hoʻonānea alanui, nani Kokika a me ka baroque ekalesia a me ka hūlili hale kiaʻi. A'ē aʻe, e noho ana i loko o Bern bea noho!