Hua o ka uala mai 1 aa. uala? iecaianoaaiiuo enehana. Cultivars (Hawaii photo)

Ke kumukuai o keia mea kanu i Rusia ka pilikia e overestimate. Uala - ka loa hoʻopau nō hoʻi i loko o ko kakou aina. 120-130 kg no kanaka no ka makahiki - he nui huahelu, a no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka uala, ke i lua wale nō ke China. Kēia mea he kaʻakālai moʻomeheu i ana e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai mālama 'ia hoʻi o ka aina.

ʻuala i loko o Rusia

Kekahi o nā hiʻona o ko mākou? Iecaianoaaiiuo o uala o ka predominance o kekahi aina, mea maʻa mau wehewehe aku ma kona haʻahaʻa ka hoʻokōʻana ma muli o i ke kaʻana like 'ana kiʻekiʻe o ka manuale hana.

Ma nā makahiki, hou a me ka nui 'Imi hoʻomōhala nui uala-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, ae hōʻike ana i ka hua he nui kiekie no a hiki i ka manawa kūpono o ka pono o ka' ike loea hou a me ka 'epekema-ma muli hae fertilizers.

Kekahi ano hiʻona o nā makahiki o ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka wahi waiho ia no ka mahi ana i uala. Akā, i ka mea ulu ma ka productivity ana hele e piha compensate no ka emi ana o ke kanu wahi.

Eia naʻe, ma ka mea e hopu i me ka hoʻomōhala i ka aina e, ua pono e hoonui i ka papa kiʻekiʻe o ka productivity oi ma mua o pāpālua. Ia mea i oluolu, no ka mea, o ka mahuahua Competition, a me ka wahie kumukūʻai e ala ana i ka hoʻomaka koke i loko o ka mahiʻai wahi kanaka.

Nō hoʻi, e like me ka mau, ma ke kua o hoʻoholo hana. A pau i kēia alakaʻi ai i ka mea e loa Manufacturers hele nawaliwali, hiki ole ke ku e i ka Competition, a me ke koena e puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka manaʻo e pili ana i māhuahua? Iecaianoaaiiuo ka hoʻokōʻana.

Rusia mea he kahiko alihi kaua i loko o hua'ōlelo o ka manoanoa hoi uala-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, ka hana 11% o ka global hōʻiliʻiliʻai. Penei 70-80% o ka huina hoonui i loko o kona maka palapala hele i kekahi hokii.

Hanalima aaioee ma Rusia ua nui poorly ke kino,ʻaʻole e oi aku i kekahi mau pakeneka. E like me kēla, ka mea e hiki mai ana redistribution o kaʻuala makeke ma Rusia ua pili i ka hooulu ana o kaʻai aaioee.

I ka papa kuhikuhiEʻuala pests

Hawaii uala uhini lele - kekahi o ka papa kuhikuhiEʻuala pests. Ma mau mea e kukaʻi liilii, me ia īnea hana lima kaʻohiʻana'ūhini lele me, pupae a me ka larvae i loko o ka ipu o ka kerosene, formalin a me ka ikaika brine. I mau mea o ka nui wahi pili 80%'eto Diloram paha trichlorfon. Ka maikai manawa no ka Nine Inch lapaau - i ka hoʻomaka o nā'ōlelo o ka lua a me ke kolu larval makahiki.

Uala cyst nematode pinepine ho'āhewa wale 'o kaʻuala. Kona larvae ino a me na aa a me tubers o ka mea kanu. Nematode cysts i loko o ka honua, i loko o kaʻuala aʻa, a iloko ma 200-1000 hua ma kela a me keia. Externally, ke kanu nana maʻi i ka ia manawa, o ka lalo lau make aku, a me ke koena koke mae wale. Nā cysts ke ola mahope aku o mai i ka 10 makahiki a oi. Ma iho mailoko o ioauoa pele like me ka quarantine ana, i mahi legumes, mānoanoa ko a me nā lauʻai mai ai i eha makahiki. Pest Na Makuahine aʻole e ae i ka hana iho mailoko o na anoano a me na mea paahana, hoʻohana, e mahi i ka lepo.

Wireworms - larvae o ke kaomi'ūhini lele me, ā 'inoʻino kekahi i nā aʻa, a tubers. E hakakā ia kuni ai pahele, e pili ana i ka uuku pua kiele o ka mauu i loko o ka mahinaʻai. Ka mea, ohi'ūhini lele me, i i a laila luku. Good kōkua a me ka weeding mea oi loa aku hoi nui, e luku mai i ka moe.

Kameleona Cricket - nui parasiteʻeleʻele, hooponopono, lewa ma ka hohonu o ka 10-15 knm kēia pest ai na mea a pau: aʻa, a kumu, a me nā tubers, e like me na anoano a me nā kumu nō hoʻi,ʻoiai .. E hana me ia mea e pono e eli i ka lepo i loko o ka haule ana i ka hohonu o ma ka liʻiliʻi 25 knm. Ano like maunu mai manure. Ma na hihia a loa ka make ana o ka lepo i hoʻohana benzofosfat.

Ka mea i kaua ai i pests o na uala e ka pulakaumaka o nā mea a pau ka poe a hoʻomau ana i loko o kona mahi, i ole ia e hiki ke lilo kou holoʻokoʻa iʻohi.

ʻuala ka puka waiwai

Inā 'oe ke kālele' ana ma o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka 80 tausani rubles, e hiki ke kiʻi i ka hua o ka uala mai 1 aa i loko o ka nui o ka 20 tons, I ka Ia manawa me ka ia palaoa āpana e e hiki ke ohi wale 7-8 tons, a e i ka hola 60-65 tausani. Hamo i. he. Ma ka hihia o ka palapala noi o ka 'ike loea hou hua o ka uala mai 1 aa hiki a hiki i 80, t / aa, a me ka makahiki, niioaaonoaaiii - 800 tausani rubles.!

Poe akamai i manaʻo i ka mea i pono, e ulu i 100-240% Lahairoi uala. Ka pāʻoihana kuka no kona? Iecaianoaaiiuo e lawe i ka mooolelo o ka wahi o ka mahinaʻai o ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 250 aa, a me ka waiwai waiwai kūʻai -. $ 7 miliona 'ilikai, a me ka hoʻoikaika kapikala o $ 0.5-1 miliona ma luna o ka makahiki i hala iho nei ka ka puka waiwai o kēia hana i loko o Rusia ua like ia 40-60 %.

E like me ka mea akamai ma ka uala ulu pāhana uku ka awelika o ka 5-7 makahiki, me ka manawa wahi hualoaʻa mea e hōʻike. Ma ka wā o ka ha awina koi kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana a me ka nui waihona kālā. No ka laʻana, ka mea hiehie i ka waiwai e lilo aku i kahi o 300 tausani. Euro, mahiʻai koina 80 tausani. Euro, etc. Soviet lako a mea OOAOAaXUEIE, a hiki i ka hewa a hiki i kaʻohi.

Akā, i kēia pili i ka hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiuo. No kanaka aina loaʻa nā manaʻo me ka haʻahaʻa waiwai kūʻai pae, akā, me ka haʻahaʻa palena pau.

A pāʻoihana kuka no ka hale paena

ʻuala? iecaianoaaiiuo enehana ma luna o kekahi 'aoʻao pilikino i paʻapū ai i kona mau ano. No ka hoʻomakaʻana, hoao mai la lakou ia mau hōʻailona i ko ma ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka He kokekau wale ka puka waiwai o ka 'uala pāʻoihana ma kaʻikena ana. No keia mea mea mea pono e kālailai i ka oaeuiinoe koina. A laila, ka mea i pono, e hoʻomaulia pono margins, haawiia mai ka awelika hua o ka uala mai 1 aa a me ka wholesale kumukūʻai. Ma hope iho o ia, no ka nui o ka upena makahiki E e deducted, mai ka lua o ka huahelu mua. He kokekau wale ho no ka 0.5 aa kuka makemake e like penei.

Motoblock: kona mahi ai, poe mahiai, Hiller,ʻuala	$ 700
kanuʻia	$ 600
Fertilizers a me ka laau	$ 150
amo	$ 50
Total:	$ 1,500

Penei, e noae a pau i ka ka mua lilo ma ka nui o 1.5 tausani. Dala. i loko o ka makahiki mua me ka awelika hua o ka 200 kg me ka ulana, a me ka awelika wholesale kuai kumukuai o ka uala $ 0.2 no 1 kg mai ke kuai hiki ke loaa 2 tausani dala .. Mai ka 'enehana mea,ʻaʻole i loaʻa i hoʻokahi makahiki, laila, i loko o ka kēia mau makahiki e hiki i ia mea nui oi kāki-ka hoʻokō uala. Ka uku no ka mea, ma ka hana, wale ulu.

Hanalima ano o ka? Iecaianoaaiiuo o uala

ʻuala? iecaianoaaiiuo enehana me ka hoʻohana 'ana o kēia kāu kiʻina hana i aeia i keia la, me ka nui loa ka hōʻoi' i ka ka hoʻokōʻana o kaʻuala? iecaianoaaiiuo kaiaulu. Ano, e huli i ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka hanalima ano o kona mahi. Kēia manaʻo hoʻohuʻu ke kēia mau kumu.

1. Volume? Iecaianoaaiiuo ieaie? Oaony ma ka mua, a me ka helu hoapono ana ia lakou iho.
2. i pōpilikia a pau ka pono kiko'î, a hoonoho iho la i mua o ke kanu.
3. Ohi ai i hoomakaukauia ma ka ikaika e like me ka haʻalele 'ana.

A pau keia ua loaʻa ma ka hanalima ano o ka palapala noi, oia no ka mea kēia mau hehee wale.

1. Ke Kula Kaiapuni 'ʻaha hui a me ka oaoieei hou hoolako kiʻekiʻe hana, e like me ka hopena minimizes ka lilo o ke? Iecaianoaaiiuo.
2. ʻeleu ana o kekahi mauʻanoʻenehana ano i hiki kokoke ana kā i ka hopena o adverse ino ana.
3. Minimizing waiū o ke kanaka ololi ma ka hopena o ke kaʻina hana o ka? Iecaianoaaiiuo ma ka pono o ka mea a me epekema.
4. High awelike uala hua ua loaʻa ma ka hoike o ka hooponopono i na mea paahana a me ka hana ana i ka mana hoʻomalu. Play kūlana nui i likeʻanoʻenehana 'ana i kūpono a kōkua hōʻoia' ia ai ka n ieaie? Helu o nā huahana.

Pono kēia manawa, he mea na manawa e neʻe i ka hanalima epekema ma kaʻuala. Keia ua kōkua ai i nā ma na kēia kumumea:

• market koi no ka huahana mea e like ai i mau mahuahua;
• i ka helu o ka poe hana i ka mahiai, me ko lakou akamai i pae, ua hoemiia;
• oe market hana ia e hiki ke kūʻai i mahiʻai hana hiki ke hoʻokō i ka pono o ka hanalima ki ina hana like;
• loaʻa nui o ka holomua honua oaoieei-e piʻi like E ho oku ui 'oe, e hana i ke hoʻololi i ia he unuhi hou kiʻekiʻe o kaʻuala ka mahi.

I ka laulā o oaoieei-pāʻoihana E i kaukaʻi wale ma luna o ka nui o ka aina a me kona specificity. Ke kākoʻo pāʻoihana o ka luna 'pilikia o ke hoʻololi i ka hanalima ano E e hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka maikai loa āina o ke ao ka hoao ana, e like me nui palapala hōʻoia no hoʻomalu' koi.

Pehea e hoomahuahua i ka hua o ka uala

He nui aʻe i aloha ia i ka hua o ka uala. nō kekahi o ia Here.

1. pono e kiʻekiʻe i ka mea e like ai o ke kanuʻia.
2. Uala, he mau wahi kiʻekiʻe e koi ma luna o ka lepo, o ka oi aku kona ea? Aaeei. Ia mea ke kumu i mea nui no laila, e 'eleu spud e mahuahua ai e haawi i ko. Inā spud a me ka moe kolohe paena kekahi mau manawa ma ke kauwela, a hiki i ka loamy lepo mea,ʻaʻole he hindrance. Mai poina i ka ia manawa, o ka pono manawa e hilling -. I ka wa kanu kiekie mai ka 5 a hiki i 20 knm I hilling iʻohi ulu mea ku pono i ka hoʻoulu i ka helu a me ka nui o tubers. Inā mākou kuisa me ke aloha o kēia wā, i ka ulu ana o productivity i hiki wale ma ka hoʻoulu i ke kaumaha o tubers.
3. I ka wā kanu lalani spacing e ole e emi malalo o 90 knm.
4. I flowering a me ka ikaika ka ulu ana o ka tubers nui ia i ka nui nui o ka wai o 10-15 nā lika no kanu.
5. I flowering a mōhala maikaʻi mea hoʻomomona. Standards ma laau ooi 3-6 g. Superphosphate, 4,3 g. O ka potasiuma sulufahate, 01,03 g. O ka'amoniuma nitrate a urea, he laau, a me peat lehu. Ua pono-hānai manu kinikini i paha mullein, e hōʻoia 'kiʻekiʻe-kbps uala. Ke kumukuai o kēia mau fertilizers mea haʻahaʻa. Eia kekahi laʻana, mullein hiki ke kuai lilo mai no ka 40 rubles no 5 nā lika.
6. No ka loaa ana o waiho i loko o ka flowering au e wehe maʻi ana 'o ka nalu, e like me impurities i piliʻike uala. Kēia, e hoʻonui aku i ka hua ma ka 10-20% no ka makahiki.
7. I ka pae o ka opuu ae pono e wehe i ka pua lalo iho, ia kekahi maoli i ka hua.

Noi o ka mea hoʻomomona no ka uala

Mua o nā mea a pau, e mea pono i ka hoomanao ana i ka ulu o ka uala pulls, e wili ana i ka hola 50 kg o ka naikokene, phosphorus 20 kg a me 90 kg o ka potasiuma ua nānā 'ana ma luna o 10 na tona o ka huahana. No ia mea, i kēia mau fertilizers a me ka pono e mau hoohui i loko o ka'āina no laila i ka mea aole eʻilihune aku a me ka uala hiki i ka mea e pono ai ka mana ia ia.

Naikokene kōkua i kaʻeleu ulu o nā mea kanu, e komo ana o carbohydrates i loko o ka tubers.

Phosphorus maoli ka ia'ku i ka wi, ulu kumu'ōnaehana a accumulates i loko o ka tuber pia, ka paipai 'ana lākou i kakahiaka nui maturation.

Potasiuma ke kumu no ka mahuahua ana o carbohydrates i loko o ka tuber, maoli ia'ku i weathering.

Fertilize i ka lepo, ia mea pono, e malama i ke koena pono. I ka potasiuma deficiency, e laʻa me, poorly ke kemu naikokene. Eia hou, i ka oi ana o kekahi mea hoʻomomona hiki pilikia i emi ma mua o ka drawback.

I ka manawa ua pono e pili mea hoʻomomona i loko o ka Central wahi i loko o July, ma ke kūkulu'ākau - i loko o July, a Augate, a ma ka hema - i loko o Iune.

E hoʻohana i ke aloha fertilizers, eia nae ka mea hoomahuahua i ka wa e ohi ai i na manawa elua, agronomists mai e waiho aku no o ka pilikia o ka maʻiʻaʻai pehu pala, a ku i ka larvae o ka May uhini lele. Maikaʻi hoʻohana torfonavoznye composts.

E like me ka mea hoʻomomona no uala ma ka Akuma ka waiho aku Triple superphosphate (1 kg no hoʻokahi haneriʻahā like mika), a me ka potasiuma sulufahate (2 kg no sq.m.).

Lele pono fertilize uala a me ka urea nitrate (1 kg no sq.m.). E hiki no hoi ke hoʻohana luna 'fertilizers: nitrophoska 5 kg no hoʻokahi haneri kuea mika a me NPK - 3 kg.

Iwi palaoa - he nani nānaina o ka mea hoʻomomona no uala ma ka Akuma ka, eia hoi, e hoonui ae i ka ho'āʻoʻana o ka huahana. A i keia manawa ia mea pono e fertilize i ka honua superphosphate a me Kemira uala, keia versatileʻuala mea hoʻomomona.

Podpitok o maoli, maikaʻi no ka uwala, E ke kapa laau lehu. Ma waho aʻeo ia no makeup, oia ua hoi hoʻopale ai e ku e na maʻi a me ka awi aku. Pela ia mea maikaʻi, e hoʻomaka ia me ka lehu, a nitrophosphate, a laila, e nana i ka hopena. Bust mea hoʻomomona oia hoʻi i ka hewa no ka mea kanu.

Ka maikaiʻano likeʻole o ka uala

No ke kanu oia e pono e lawe kiʻekiʻe-kbps tubers. Ka mea, ua oi pipiʻi ma mua o ka randomly akā, hōʻoia 'maikai ho'āʻoʻana, a ola hōʻiliʻiliʻai.

Ma kekahi kauwela e eiooaa? Loaʻa ua mauʻoihana kaua, uala ka nalu i ke eli i mai ka hapalua like-kauwela. Mawaena o ke kakahiaka nuiʻano likeʻole hiki ke ike okoa, e like me Timo, Ariela, ke Lark, Bullfinch, Kahalewai, a Medium i kakahiaka nui - a me ka Makame prizewinner.

Razvaristy kekahi manawa i ke kaulanaʻano me keʻokeʻo io Sineglazka ka haʻahaʻa Loaʻaʻia i loko oʻEulopa ua manaoia e e moku.

No ka poe hahai i ke ola, hiki ke paipaiʻano likeʻole e like me ka Hōlani Mona Lisa, Fresco, Roman, German Arosa, Rosario, Feloks Pinilana Timo, Asterix. Ma kēia mauʻano likeʻole o ka hailonaʻana no carotene, iaono? Ienoai hihio.

A, e hiki wawe ka ho okele i kāuʻaiʻana. ʻepekema, ua loaʻa i kaʻonoʻano likeʻole ai ke komo hou'amino nāʻakika, nucleotides, momoma nāʻakika!

I ka Competition no ka mea momona a hoao aku la, o ka Poʻokela Honua paa naʻano likeʻole me Borodyansky a pink, Bullfinch, Adretta, holaKahua, ka uliuli, Vesnyanka, Tempe.

He waiwai e kahińuli i keʻano o Zhukovsky. Ka uala e pili ana i ke kakahiaka nuiʻano likeʻole, e ulu ana pono i haʻahaʻa mahana. He hoʻopale i ka maʻi he nui loa, i ke ala apuupuu rind, lōʻihi holopapa ke ola, a me ka ho'āʻo iho au i nui.

Bellarosa uala piha iho ma Kelemānia breeders, paipai no ka mahi i loko o HawaiianʻEulopa. He he kakahiaka nuiʻano, ka mea hiki ke eli i ua ma luna o ka 45th lā. He oia he nui pono: uala, e haawi aku, mai 1 Ke Kai - 400 quintals!

Hoʻokaʻina Bellarosa ka apuepue susceptible i pests,ʻaʻole koi i ka ona mau, hoʻopale i ka wi, ulu ma kekahi'āina koe kaumaha palolo, bezutraten pūnaewele (93%). He mea nui laumania tubers, maikai ho'āʻoʻana a me ka kiʻekiʻe friability.

Pehea e hoahu uala

ho'āhu uala ka loa nui ka wā,ʻaʻole e ae i ka tubers e popoʻole a hoʻomaka e kupu. Nolaila, e aho e hoahu i loko o ka me a me ka maloo wahi, a ma keia hihia ua pono ventilated.

No nele i ke akahele ma ka makahiki hou, i ka wa a ka tubers hili ae la lakou nui, deteriorating kā lākou mau ano a me ka ho'ēmi i kā i ka nui o nā wikamina. I loko o kēia wā o na uala pono ma hope, a huli mau no ka poho.

ʻuala pūnaewele kaʻina hana hiki ke maheleia i ekolu kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao.

1. No ka elua pule, alohaʻia ma ka pūnaewele i na ^{e pili ana +15.} Pela ka mea, he hoola no ka tuber, a no ia hapa 'ia mai ona mau.
2. A hiki i ka pau ana o ka hooiloʻuala, e like me ka mea he "hiamoe", i ka mea maikai na ^{o ka} pūnaewele - mai ka 3 a hiki i 5 ° ^C.
3. Me ka Hekikai o ke kupulau na tubers hoomaka, e hoomakaukau no ka germination. I kēia manawa, hiki ke hoalaia mai e kekahi mau degere ka papaa mahana.

Uala - ka breadwinner

Aia nō i ka helu o ka anuu, i ole e eliminated hiki e kanuʻuala. Ka pāʻoihana kuka no kona? Iecaianoaaiiuo i loko o ka uuku wahi (ka hola 0,3 aa) no kona hooponopono a me kuai ana kŰia mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao ma o ka kuai.

Mua o nā mea a pau, e mea pono, e hoomakaukau i ka pono hana a no ke kanu. Laila ia mea e pono ke lawe mai i ka mea e pono ai e hoomakaukau ai hana ia me ka lepo, a me ka wale laila 'oe e hele i kanu uala.

A laila, hahai i nāʻanuʻu hilling a me fertilizers. Ua mea no hoi e pono ai ke mālama i ka hoomaluhia mai pests a me nā maʻi. Kaʻohiʻana - Ua hoʻi,ʻaʻole he oluolu ke kahua o ka hana, ma hope o ka hele ana i ka hope mauʻanuʻu:'ōpala a me ka pūnaewele lako polokalamu.

E hana i kēia, e pono i ma ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka palena iki lako a pan. A hiki i keia palena iki pili, ma luna o nā mea a pau, i ka ieie-kaʻa kauō. Ke kini puʻe wale e maopopo leʻa hele mai, a Ridger ka oopalau. O ka holo ana, ia e ia i ke kino e kaʻa kauō. Mai poina e kuai i kekahi mea no ka eli ana. Ka mea, e pono e e pili ana i ka ieie-kaʻa kauō.

Maikai, e noonoo i kekahi hana hoihoi au mamuli: uala holoi, maloo a meʻia pūʻolo helu kuai ma ke kuai i ka holaʻelua manawa oi pipiʻi ma mua o ka Pa, koke Hoʻoili aʻela i loko o ka mau oho hina a me ka unattractive mauʻeke.

Me keia ma ka naau, e hiki seriously hoomahuahua lākou mau makahiki,ʻaʻole wale no i ka huakūʻai hāʻawe i ko lakou mau uala. He hiki ke hoonohonoho i ka'ōpala ke aloha i hoʻomākaukau uala a me 'ē aʻe Manufacturers. He hiki, ma ka rula, e kūkulu i kēia hana.

Kēia e koi kaʻaeʻana me kekahi mau olelo:

• i kekahi paʻa wai lako;
• nui ipu no ka holoi uala;
• ka lumi kahi i hiki ke maloo;
• nui me ka unahiʻole;
• mauʻeke no ka'ōpala, a lepili ia.

Pela ka mea, Ua hiki e hoonohonoho i kou mau mai kūikawāʻuala pāʻoihana a me ka hana ia waiwai.