Humoral e hoʻonele

Ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana i malama mai parasites, nā mea hoʻomaʻi, i ke kanaka kino palapala koʻohune, ʻawahia huahana o ko lākou olaʻana, aʻaʻole wale. He mea pono e maopopo ma waena o ke kino o ka ia'ku i nā mea palahēhē e like me innate ( 'ole-i ho'ākāka') mai ka lilo 'ano (kekahi). Innate ka palekana i ka koʻohune ua kena ae la ia e nā kūpuna mai. Maomeka nonspecific (ole innate) e hoʻonele i na mea he nui pathogens nā kumumea phagocytosis a me ka li nui.

I Kekahi Mau e hoʻonele mea he kiko'ī mīkiniʻimi ka loaʻaʻana nenoaiu o ke kino. Kona hana ua kuhikuhi ma ka heluhelu ana o ka 'ike mai ka pathogenic aggressors - antigens a ho'āhu ia. Intracellular kuai ia'ku i ka maʻiʻaʻai hana e pale keena o ka pā a puni. humoral e hoʻonele Ua lawe mai i loko o extracellular fluids.

First aiiay aeee iho mailoko o meaola macrophages e neʻe i wiwo ole ma ka intercellular loli, hawele i ka antigen, ka mea, ua hōʻike '. Ma ka inducing he aiiay pane hoʻohui kākoʻo T kōkua keena, a ho'ā 'B-lymphocytes. i Hoʻololi 'hope koke lymphocytes, lilo iho la wai koko keena, a paka kekahi nā mea'aʻaʻa. Pela i hanaʻia loaa humoral'ōnaehana paleʻea pane me ka ho okumu ana o kekahi iaiyoe keena, ho'āhu 'ikepili ma ka antigen. I ka wā o nā haumāna antigen komo i ke kino i like naoh holo ikaika lāʻau lapaʻau kino muli o ka hoonaukiuki aku, no ka laʻana, allergic ana.

Humoral e hoʻonele hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka lākiō hua mai la i loko o ka iwi nä lolo o T-kōkua a me T-suppressors, advantageously 2: 1. Kēia no ka 'aʻe i loko o kōkua iā ia, like ka e ku pono ana 1: 2, no ka make T-mea nana e kokua keena, i ka mea hoʻomaʻi iho mailoko o. No laila, i kekahi maʻiʻaʻai koe unrecognized, i ka mea i ke kumu o ka make ana o ka meaola.

Mea Maluna o nā mea'aʻaʻa i loko o ka extracellular meakino o ka meaola

Antigens i hoʻolilo 'ia ai e lauwili ana, e ka mana ia humoral'ōnaehana hiki paka 108ʻokoʻa mai ka ho'ākāka' ia i nā mea'aʻaʻa. He nui na Pauku o DNA nā polokina i kū hoʻokahi i loko o kā lākou 'ole, ka mea hooholo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kino' ano.

Immunoglobulins elima papa i ka pilina paʻa aiiay muli o antigens.

1. Class G.

Immunoglobulin G papa ma ke kanaka kino ma luna o ke koena (i ka 18 g. No hano). IG G kaua toxins, koʻohune, nā mea hoʻomaʻi i loko o ke koko a me ka lymph.

2. Class A.

Immunoglobulins i lāʻau lapaʻau-papa, ka poe i kūhōhō i loko o ke koko a me ka secretory glands i loko o ke kino fluids. Globular nā polokina o ke koko lāʻau lapaʻau e kuleana no ka mea mau e hoʻonele. immunoglobulin secretion hoʻolako i nā palekana i ka maʻiʻaʻai, toxins, e pili ana i ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai i ka anal o ko lākou nuipa a. Humoral e hoʻonele ua hoʻolako 'ia e IgA nā mea'aʻaʻa ua hoikeia mai ma ARI, pneumonia, infectious lesionʻaha hui uila.

3. Class E.

Class E immunoglobulins i pili 'ole i loko o ka hālāwai hope o toxins i loko o ka phagocytosis o ka haole (particles), kā lākou ka ponaʻana a me ka neutralization, luku mai i ka luna papa o ka mea koʻohune keena. Ka maʻiʻo o IG E i loko o ka intercellular fluids maoli i ka maʻi e like me maʻiʻaʻai i loko o nā mākua a me nā keiki. Ka pūʻulu pū nā ka IG E nā mea'aʻaʻa e erythrocytes haole kumu.

4. Class D.

Immunoglobulin papa D kūhōhōʻano nui i loko o ka wai koko membranes o keena, a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau lehulehu, kŘpa a haʻahaʻa. Launch nā polokina IG D B lymphocytes hoike specialization koi 'ia, ka mea i komo pū i loko o ka hana o autoimmune keʻano o ka hanaʻana.

5. Class M.

Immunoglobulin IG M kūhōhō i loko o ka ipu, o ka hoopahaohao wai koko keena ma na hihia o ka iniiaiie ingress antigens i loko o ke kino. Kumuʻiʻo IG M ka loaʻa o ka mana humoral e hoʻonele i bacteremia.