I ka haku mele 'ana o ka Politburo ma lalo o Brezhnev: papa

Ua hoʻokumu Central Komite o ka Kalaiaina Buro o ka Communist Party o ka Soviet Union ma October 1917, Vladimirom Ilichom Leninym, kau ia ma luna o ka mana o pili aupuni alakaʻi ma ke kaua kipi. Nā lālā o ke KP man- akia i hiki mai ka aoao waiwai, ua hoʻonele, a mai ka nui hopena ole wale ma luna o ka kulekele o ka aoao, akā, no hoi ma ka ola o ka nui Soviet Union. I mea, ia hiki pakele ke kapa i ke kiekie alakaʻi o ka Soviet Union, ka Politburo o ka CPSU ma lalo o Brezhnev. Haku mele 'ana (Hawaii photo i hoikeia ma lalo nei) komo i ka huina o 27 kanaka, kela mea keia mea o i i ka nui hopena ma ka hopena o ka Soviet Union.

Brezhnev, Leonid Ilyich paa i ke kia o General Kakauolelo o ka CPSU lōʻihi wā (1966-1982 GG.). I ka haku mele 'ana o ka Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev poe i ka loa influential pili huahelu o ka Soviet Union i ia manawa, no ia, a e e kūkākūkā i loko o kēia' atikala.

I ka haku mele 'ana o ka Politburo i ka 1966

I ka haku mele 'ana o ka Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev i ka 1966 oia o 11 kanaka.

1. Brezhnev Leonid.
2. Voronov Nikolay.
3. Polyanskiy Dmitry.
4. Suslov Mihail.
5. Mazurov Kirill.
6. Kosygin Aleksey.
7. Kirilenko Alana.
8. Podgornyy Nikolay.
9. Pel'she Arvid.
10. Shelepin Aleksandr.
11. Shelest Peter.

I ka makahiki kakahiaka nui o na lala he umikumamakahi ua hapa o ka Soviet Politburo ma lalo o Brezhnev. I ka haku mele 'ana, makahiki, a me nā kiʻi o nā lālā o ka Politburo o na kēia mau makahiki i ka nui hoihoi no ka mea, ua piha keia ano o ka waiwai laau me ka brightest nā loea kālai'āina o kona manawa.

Politburo i ka makahiki 1971

Over manawa, ua ka mahuahua ana o na hoa o ka Politburo ma lalo o Brezhnev. Haku mele 'ana i loko o ka makahiki 1971 oia o 15 kanaka.

1. Brezhnev Leonid.
2. Voronov Nikolay.
3. Grishin Viktor.
4. Kirilenko Alana.
5. Kosygin Aleksey.
6. Kulakov Fodor.
7. Kunai Dinmuhamed.
8. Mazurov Kirill.
9. Pel'she Arvid.
10. Podgornyy Nikolay.
11. Polyanskiy Dmitry.
12. Suslov Mihail.
13. Shelepin Aleksandr.
14. Shelest Peter.
15. Scherbitsky Vladimir.

I ka haku mele 'ana o ka Politburo i ka makahiki 1976

1. Brezhnev Leonid.
2. Andropov Yury.
3. Grechko Alana.
4. Grishin Viktor.
5. Gromyko Alana.
6. Kirilenko Alana.
7. Kosygin Aleksey.
8. Kulakov Fodor.
9. Kunai Dinmuhamed.
10. Mazurov Kirill.
11. Pel'she Arvid.
12. Podgornyy Nikolay.
13. Romanov Grigory.
14. Suslov Mihail.
15. Ustinov Dmitry.
16. Scherbitsky Vladimir.

Loli i loko o ka haku mele 'ana i ka 1981

O ka Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev, kona haku mele 'ana koe kŰlń a 1981, ka mea i radically hou. Nā loli loli ole wale i ke kulekele, akā, ke kikowaena Komite 'ole. Ka papa laina-i oia o ka:

1. Brezhnev Leonid.
2. Andropov Yury.
3. Gorbachev Mihail.
4. Grishin Viktor.
5. Grechko Alana.
6. Kirilenko Alana.
7. Kunai Dinmuhamed.
8. Pel'she Arvid.
9. Romanov Grigory.
10. Suslov Mihail.
11. Tihonov Nikolay.
12. Ustinov Dmitry.
13. Chernenko Konstantin.
14. Scherbitsky Vladimir.

Events 1982

I ka haku mele 'ana o ka Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev i ka 1982 ua undergone he nui loli mai 1982 ke Akua i waeʻia i ka lono kaumaha kekahi hanana. March 23 i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Tashkent, Leonid Brezhnev kipa ka mokulele hola. Bustling poe kanaka poipu ana na alahaka, a haule iho la lakou ilalo ma luna ona, e kauoha ana kekahi lahuikanaka i mokumokuia collarbone. I ka pōʻino ua hoʻoluli mai ia i Leonid Ilyich ola kino hookahi, a no ka mea a pau, collarbone aʻaʻole fused a me ke Kakauolelo Nui, ua e lanakila ka eha, e alakai i ka halawai. Ma November 10, Ua hele. I ka haku mele 'ana o ka Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev i ka 1982-ka m ua lilo mau o ka loa influential nā loea kālai'āina - Mikhail Suslov a me Leonid Brezhnev.

1. Andropov Yury (General Kakauolelo o ke Komite Central o 11/12/1982 kulanakauhale).
2. Brezhnev Leonid (make 10.11.1982 kulanakauhale).
3. Gorbachev Mihail.
4. Grishin Viktor.
5. Gromyko Alana.
6. Aliev Geydar.
7. Kunai Dinmuhamed.
8. Pel'she Arvid.
9. Romanov Grigory.
10. Suslov Mihail (make ma 25.01.1982, o ka).
11. Tihonov Nikolay.
12. Ustinov Dmitry.
13. Chernenko Konstantin.
14. Scherbitsky Vladimir.

Five o ka mea nui

I waena o kekahi Contemporary piliʻepekema mea o ka manao i ka papa kuhikuhiE pilikia, a nāna e hoʻopuka i noʻonoʻo i loko o ka Soviet Politburo ma lalo o Brezhnev Top 5 Members.

Politburo kamaʻilio noho pilikia nīnūnē - kālai'āina, waiwai, a me ka 'aoʻao. Makaukau o kēia mau nīnūnē lawelawe ma ka Secretariat o ke Komite Central, i ka olelo hooholo o ka kanaka pilikia - ka pela hana Komisina. Pili aupuni Buro oia o elima ka papa kuhikuhiE lālā o ka Central Komite, mau lala ka i koe i ka pono a hiki i ka consultative koho balota ma ka hālāwai.

ʻO wai lā ka mea lâlâ 'o ka "waiwai kiʻekiʻe elima" o ka Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev, o ka makahiki ma i haule i loko o kona haku mele' ana?

Suslov Mihail Andreevich (noho 1902-1982 GG.). He lilo i lâlâ o ka Politburo,ʻelua hahauʻana: mua - ma lalo o Stalin IV, i ka lua o ka - ma ka 1955, i kona makahiki 53, a me ka mea, ua mai a hiki i ka make. Ke kahuna ideologist o ka aina, Suslov, ka wā i he lâlâ o ka Politburo o ka Soviet Union ma lalo Brezhnev, ua ka luna aineiniaeoi a me ka curator o ka moʻomeheu, iao?, Campaigning a me ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana. Kuleana no ka censorship. Pale umauma o Stalin, i ka loa a me ka akamai quirky politician, la oia i inoa kapakapa i ka "oho cardinal" a me ka "kanaka i loko o galoshes." Ua loaʻa iā ia he nui hopena ma luna o ka'āina o ka kālai'āina. Wahi a ka lono, e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana Mihailom Andreevichem i makau ole i ke ahiahi, i ka hoa Brezhnev me.

Podgornyy Nikolay Viktorovich (1903-1983 GG.). Ke Politburo ua oi aku mamua o 17 makahiki - mai ka makahiki 1960 a hiki i 1977. He malama no me BC CCCP Peresidena o ka Buro i ka noho alii ana o Brezhnev. Keia ano o ua Podgorny, maloprimetnogo a i ole i nui keiki pilikino E pili, hiki ke kapaia ka "poo o ka moku'āina". Hoʻomaopopo i kēia, Nikolai aloha wā nā kānaka moʻolelo, nīnauele, kapa iho oe i wale me "ka pelekikena o ka Soviet Union." Brezhnev i i makemake i kēia mea, a ma ka 1977, 74-makahiki-kahiko ousted Podgorny, aligning kona kulana me ke kulana o Kuhina Nui.

Kosygin Aleksey Nikolaevich (Life makahiki 1904-1980 GG.). Ua Ua hoʻolauna i loko o ka Soviet Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev (1960), a me ka ua i loko o ka mea, aneane e make. Ua i kekahi ano o ka palapala - ua i ka Luna hoomalu o ka 'Aha o Kuhina no ka lōʻihi umikumamaono ia laua ka hoʻomaopopoʻana Politburo uuku oihana. Ua hana i loko o ke kula o ka 'aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai - e lawe mai nā mea hoʻololi i ka hoʻolālā nenoaiu. Ma hope o kekahi mau-myocardial, elemakule 76 makahiki, Alexei Nikolaevich maiwaena mai o ka Kalaiaina Buro ma lalo o Brezhnev.

Pel'she Arvid Yanovich (Life makahiki 1899-1983 GG.). Lakawia Communist, i hoʻokomo i ka Politburo i ka 1966, i ka makahiki o ka 67 makahiki. Eliminated ma ka pili ana i ka make. Kanaka hoʻoponopono kaʻaeʻana me ka aoao hoʻoponopono ma ka oihana o ka lunahoomalu o ka Party Na Makuahine Komite. I ike Arvid Yanovich i kakau iho voluminous hana ma ka mōʻaukala o ka CPSU, e waiho i ka manawa o ka muli o heluhelu i loko o nā kula.

Ustinov Dmitriy Fodorovich (Noho 1908-1984). Politburo hoa, mai ka makahiki 1976 a hiki i kona make ana. He make ma ka makahiki o ka 76 makahiki. Mai 1941 a hiki i 1945 ia i malamaia me People ka Commissar o nā mea kaua, i ka 1976 e paa ana ia i ka kiʻekiʻeʻoihana o ke Kuhina o Pale Kaua. Ole i ke kanaka koa, oia ua hoʻokomoʻia ka inoa o ka Ilamuku. He ua uku me ka nui kūlana i komo Soviet poʻe hao wale i loko o Afghanistan. ka Loaʻaʻia e lilo ma ka helm o ka aina, e like me ka mea hou Kakauolelo Nui ma o ka make ana o Brezhnev au i, akā, hāʻawi primacy Andropov Yuri Vladimirovich.

A papa inoa o nā lālā 'ē aʻe o

Ma ke ola ana o ka Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev, o ka haku mele 'ana o ka papa inoa o nā lala ua hōʻike i loko o ka papaʻaina i ua mau hoʻololi, ho okumu i ka' ole o ka papa kuhikuhiE hoʻomalu kino o ka aina.

Full inoa	Makahiki o ka wale nô ma ka Politburo
Nikolai Voronov	1963 .... 1971
Dmitry Polyansky	1960 ... .1976
Kirill Mazur	1965 ... .1978
Andrei Kirilenko	1962 ... 1982
Alexander Shelepin	1964 ... .1975
Peter Shelest	1964 ... .1973
Viktor Grishin	1971 ... 1986
Fedor Kulakov	1971 ... 1978
Dinmuhamed Kunayev	1971 ... 1987
Vladimir Scherbitsky	Makahiki 1971 ... .1989
Yuri Andropov	1973 ... .1984
Andrei Grechko	1973 ... 1976
Andrei Gromyko	1973 ... 1988
Grigory Romanov	1976 .... 1985
Mikhail Gorbachev	1980 ... .1991
Nikolai Tikhonov	1979 ... .1985
Konstantin Chernenko	1978 ... .1985
Heydar Aliyev	1982 ... .1987

Pōkole biographical 'ike

Kēlā me kēia hoa, he lālā loa o ka Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev (haku mele 'ana, makahiki, e hōʻike mai iā ia kiʻi i loko o ka manawa pōkole maʻamau vitae), i he nui na makana no ka hooulu ana i ka mana nui.

Leonid Brezhnev

Hânau 'ia i ka 1906 ma ke kauhale o Kamenka (Ukraine). He aʻo ma ka gymnasium, reclamation College, ka Institute o Metallurgy. He pomaikai ma ka 'aoʻao' oihana. Na Mahele World War Ua hooholoia Leonidom Brezhnevym ma ka oihana o ka hana pili aupuni.

I ka makahiki 1960, alai ae i ka BC CCCP. E like me ka hopena o ka resignation o Khrushchev, ma ka hoomakaukau ana no ka i lawe i kaʻeleu loa, oia ua i ka mua kakauolelo o ka Communist Party i ka 1964, a ma 1966 - ke Kakauolelo-Nui. Wā wehewehe aku e Leonida Ilicha me ke aloha, polite kanaka, hooko a me ka makeʻe kulana ke kula.

Iloko o ka manawa hoolilo ia ma ka helm o Brezhnev ka mahuahua hookuli lahui makahiki, ua ulu kekahi o ka hana, akā, i ka mea ia manawa ke kino bureaucracy, a ua i ka hoʻomaka o ke komo ana o ka USSR i loko o ke kaua Afghan.

Mikhail Suslov

Ka lā o ka hanau - 21.11.1902 makahiki. Place o ka hanau: kauhale Shahovskaya Saratov panalaau. A 'ohana i i hanau Mikhail Suslov, ua kekahi o kaʻilihune pauku o ko na kauwa, a me ke kanaka opiopio Ikea wale i ka manawa e aʻo a hoʻomohala i ka Hekikai o Soviet mana.

ʻeleu hana i loko o ke kula o ka aoao, e neʻe ana i Moscow, a hou aku paipai i ka aoao laina hiki aku ai i ka mea i loko o ka 'ano opiopio e poohina ai - e pili ana i na makahiki he kanaha, Suslov intrudes ma luna o ka lāʻau kū o Kakauolelo o ka Stavropol Teritore. 'Imi hooko aku i nā kulekele o Stalin, a like me ka hopena i ka papa kuhikuhiE ideologist o ka Union - o ka hoʻoponopono o ka Nupepa "Pravda". A hiki i ka pau ana o kona ola (a 1982) i he lâlâ o ka Politburo ma lalo o Brezhnev.

Arvid Pel'she

Hânau 'ia i loko o Latvia i ka 1899, ma January, i loko o ka ohana o ke kauwa. Ua i ka mea hana i loko o Riga, i ka mea ia manawa, ua hui i ka Social kemokalaka Party o Latvia. 'Imi' ana i mālama hoʻokahuli aupuni propaganda. Anʻeleu aku i komo i loko o ka 1917 kipi.

All hope 'oihana Arvid Yanovich i ua pili me ka aoao a me ka ao hana i loko o ke koa a me ka Moana Red. Iloko o ke kaua a Kamehameha e hoʻomākaukau aoao cadres. He ua he alakai kūlana i loko o ka Soviet Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev paa, o ka haku mele 'ana o ka papa inoa o ka lala Ua pili kēia kalele iho ma ka manao Pel'she.

Alexei Kosygin

Hânau 'ia i loko o St. Petersburg i ka 1904. He mālama lākou i loko o ke kaua, alaila, loaa ka palapala puka o ka Leningrad lole Institute.

He hana i konaʻaoʻao mai o ka haku a hiki i ka luna hoʻokele o ka "October" hola. I ka 1939, he lâlâ 'o ke Komite Central o ka CPSU (b) i koho ia. Mai ia manawa, ma ka aoao 'oihana, hoomaka ae la Alexei Nikolaevich e ulu. Iloko o ke kaua, alai ae i ka Commissariat o ke Komite no ka Kanawai Pale Kaua, a komo i loko o ka hana o ka "Alanui o Life" mai ka hoʻopilikia Leningrad. A makahiki ma hope, ma hope o ka lanakila maluna iho o ka Nazis Ua koho lunahoomalu o ka 'Aha o Kuhina a me he lâlâ o ka Politburo o ka CCCP. Ma muli o ka mea i kuuia mai ka mea hōʻemi o ke ola, mai kona wahi, make iho la ia i ka makahiki 1980.

Nikolai Voronov

Hânau 'ia i ka 1899 i loko o ka' ohana kae aaiuo, i laila, i ke kumu i loko o ka kauhale. Externally ia i puka 'o ia mai ka ewalu gymnasium papa, mai 1917 i hana ia ma ka hui panakō kaiaulu. He hāʻawi manawaleʻa no ka poʻe kaua ma ka mea kaua hao wale, komo i loko o ke Kanawai War. He mea i eha. Puka 'o ia mai ka Higher mea kaua ma Kula, a laila, mai ke Koa Academy kapaʻia ma hope o Mikhail Frunze PKKA.

Iloko o ke kaua, i ka 1943, kauoha mai la oia i ka mea kaua. Nikolai Voronov mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka Soviet Union i i hookoia ai ka inoa o ka Ilamuku o ka mea kaua, a ke Aliʻi Ilamuku o kaua. Pinepine kipa i ke alo me kekahi 'elele o ka Aha luna holo' awelika. A 'oihana koa, he wiwoʻole a me ka akamai luna Nikolay Nikolaevich Voronov i i hookoia hoʻolilo' ia 'lehulehu, a me ka papa o Lenin, a kâlâ keʻokeʻo "3olotaya 3vezda"

Dmitry Polyansky

He Ua hānauʻia i loko o ka kua'āina ohana e noho ana i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Luhansk māhele Slavyanoserbsk. I hana ma ke ano maoli, oia komo i loko o ka lehulehu ke ola ana o ke kulanakauhale, hoihoi aoao ideology. Ma hope o ua noho mai ka Kharkov Institute o Mahiai a komo aku la i ka hana i loko o ke kaua. Demobilized, oia helu kuhi puke aʻo ma ka Higher Party School, laua ana nō o nā 'āina commissariat Komsomol.

Iloko o ke kaua, ua hana ia ma ka hope. Ua hoike mai ai ia ia iho me he alakaʻi nui, mau huli no kū hoʻokahi, ke kākoʻo pāʻoihana nīnūnē. Mai makahiki 1945, ua epa me nā kumuhana o ka mahiʻai ka ulu ana i loko o Orenburg. Hui pu ana o N. S. Hruscheva, Polanski mea pono ma ka aoao hulili, a mai ka 1958, ua hoonohoia oia i lunahoomalu o ka 'Aha o Kuhina o CCCP. Me ka Hekikai o Brezhnev ka mua komo ma ka mahiai i lawelawe CX, a laila, i mālama ai i elele i Iapana a me Norway.

Kirill Mazur

He Ua hanau ia ma 1914 ma ka kauhale o Rudnya Gomel māhele 'āina ma ka' ohana he nui, kahi ona e waiho ana i ka muli loa. Kaulana lanakila a me ka hana e aʻo - ia ke heluhelu ia, a kākau i loko o makahiki eono. Ma hope o ke kula,ʻo ia i helu ia ma ka College Road. Ua moe au i ka 'oihana kahu moku, akā, ka mea, i ole e holopono ana mai no ka poe ilihune eyesight. A i malamaʻi, ma o ka poe koa, i loko o ke alahao poʻe hao wale, i lilo i kumu aʻo o ka oihana pili aupuni ma ka Hawaiian alahao.

Iloko o ke kaua, lilo 'o ia i ka hoʻokuhikuhi o ke kīpoʻohiwi e neʻeʻana i loko o Belarus. Ma hope o ke kaua, ae hoomau ana i kona pii ana i ka aoao hulili - mai ka First Kakauolelo o ka Communist Party o Belarus a hiki i ka First Hope lunahoomalu o ka USSR Kukakuka Malu o ke Kuhina. Kekahi a me koa kanaka, Cyril Trofimovich i ka hui maluhia 'makahiki hana i loko o ka hoʻopulapula o ka guerrilla luna i haule iho ma lalo e hoʻohuoiʻia o ke kipi. He Ua hoʻokuʻu i ka pau ana o na 70s. He make i ka 1989.

Andrei Kirilenko

Hânau 'ia i ka 1906 ma Voronezh mokuna i loko o ka kauhale Alekseevka i loko o kaʻohana kākou i loko o artisanal lawaiʻa. Alekseevskaya puka 'o ia mai Vocational kula, hana ma ka koʻu, mau komo ma ka aoao a me ka piele hui hana. Puka 'o ia mai ka Rybinsk ATI. Hoa o ka Communist Bolshevik Party mai 1931.

Ka 'aoʻao laina Ua hiki mai i ka lōʻihi ke ala i hiki i ke kia o ka First Hope lunahoomalu o ka Buro o ka CPSU Central Komite, Kakauolelo o ka CPSU. He ua curator o ka hana a me kekahi o na moho no ke kia o Kuhina Nui ma hope o Brezhnev. I e pili ana me ka make ana o Leonida Ilicha i hanohano ka hoomau aku.

Nikolai Podgorny

Hânau 'ia i loko o ka hana papa ohana o ka nou ana la o ka 1903 ma ke kauhale o Karlovka ma Ukraine. He hana i loko o ka mīkini shop, pu me nā enterprising kanaka komo i loko o ka hanaia'na o ka Komsomol hui ma Karlovka.

I ka 1939, Nicolai lilo Hope Commissar no Ukrainian ai hana CCP. I ka 1940 - Deputy People ka Commissar o ka meaʻai hana. Ma hope o ke kaua, i hana mai i ka Soviet Aupuni ma na wahi hookuuia mai ka Nazis i loko o Ukraine, i hoʻonohonoho 'ia i ka ai lako. Ma ke kulana o ka First Kakauolelo o ke Komite Central o ka USSR Nikolai Podgorny i ua hana i ka hoʻokele waiwai luku e hoihoi a kanaka ka mea e pono ai ka hoʻomaikaʻi. An inā pilikia ka haumāna aoao hana, oia ua laʻa nui manawa a me ka ho'āʻo pono i ke kūpono 'ana o ka papa o ka CPSU, a lawe ia i kanawai. Ua lanakila 'lehulehu hoʻolilo' ia 'ana no kona lawelawe ana i ka Communist Party.

Alexander Shelepin

Hânau 'ia i loko o Augate 1918 i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Voronezh. Alexander ka makua kāne hana me ke kauwa Kivila. Higher hoʻonaʻauao 'ana i loko o MIFLI. I wwii kāna opiopio cadres no guerrilla pūʻulu.

Ma hope o ke kaua, lilo 'o ia i ka mua kakauolelo, a me ka hope poai puni i ka Komsomol. He kākoʻo i ka makaukau a me ka ana o ka Eono World Festival o Hana a me nā haumāna. I ka 1958, ua hoonohoia Khrushchev ke poo o ka KGB Shelepin. Alexander loa hoomakaukau hou i na hana o ka KGB, hoʻokuʻu loa 'ia kekahi' ano kūkaʻi helu o ke kookoo, ke kūapoʻana iā lākou me ka aoao a me ka Komsomol hana. I ka 1961, ua koho 'Shelepin no ka oihana o ke Kuhina o ka CPSU. Ua Ua noʻonoʻo pono i ke kumu nui hoʻokuhikuhi o ke kipi akula lākou iā Nikita Khrushchev. Hoa o ka Politburo ma lalo Brezhnev hoomaka i ka 1964. I July 1967 oia i ho'ēmi a koke ma hana malu hoʻokuʻu mai i ka Politburo.

Peter Shelest

Hânau 'ia i loko o ka kauhale Andreevka Kharkov'āina i loko o ka ohana o kaʻilihune kauwa. No ka eha makahiki, ua aʻo ma ke Kula o ke Kalana, a laila, alakaʻi i kona 'oihana ma ke alahao, e hana postman. He hui ka Komsomol. Hoa o ka aoao mai 1928. He Ua hoouna mai i ka 'aoʻao hana Mai ka 1940.

Iloko o ke kaua, komo i loko o ua redeveloped hanalima hana no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o koa huahana. I ke kakahiaka nui sixties ia i koho mua kakauolelo o ka Communist Party o Ukraine. 'Imi komo i loko o ka hui o ka pāʻewaʻewa me Khrushchev ka oihana. He Ua ukuia no ka hoʻoikaikaʻana - lilo i lâlâ o ka Politburo. 'Imi mālama i ka aneiai pono o Ukraine, na laua e kākoʻo poʻe nō. He Ua wehe 'ia mai ka Politburo kauoha aku ma muli o ka mea hoohuoi ia. He kaua no ka Ukraine ka Kuokoa, ma hope o ka resignation o kipa i ka lehulehu helehelena Kiev. He make i ka 1996.

Viktor Grishin

Hânau 'ia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Serpukhov, Moscow māhele' āina i loko o September 1914. Ma hope iho o ka pau ana o ke alahao kula ma Serpukhov ia aʻo ma ka Moscow College o geodesic. Ma hope o lawelawe i loko o ka Army, kahi āna i mālama ai i zampolitruka hoomau holomua ma ka aoao laina.

I ka makahiki 1956, ua hoonohoia oia i lunahoomalu o ka uniona kālepa, ma ka makahiki 1967 ua lilo i ka mua kakauolelo o ka Moscow City Party Komite. No ka hoike ana i loko o ka Moscow Party hui e manual professionalism Ua hookoia ka inoa o Hero o Socialist na Hana Lima.

Fedor Kulakov

Hânau 'ia i loko o ka ohana o ka mahiʻai i ka 1918. Place o ka hanau - kauhale Fitizh raylona Lgov Kursk māhele 'āina. Agronomist ma ka aʻo, puka 'o ia mai ke Rila Mahiai College i ka 1939. Mai 1941, ma kāna mau hoʻoili ma ka aoao hana, ka wā e hiki mai ai ma ka poʻe kaua i ka oihana o ka Hope Kuhina o ka RSFSR Artists Union i ka 1955, a ma 1959 - kuhina o bakeries RSFSR. He pū i mālama ai i ke poo o ka Oihana o ka CPSU Central Komite selhozotdelom. He ua i aloha hua'ōlelo me Brezhnevym L. I. make koke i ka makahiki 1978.

Dinmuhamed Kunayev

Hânau 'ia i ka 1912 ma aneea oneiaey, i loko o ka ohana o ka holoholona breeders. Luawai ma ke kula a me ka kulanui. Lākou ala aoao hana i hoʻomaka me ka First Kakauolelo o ka Communist Party o aneea oneiaey. Au kākoʻo a ana hoʻokō i ke kulekele o ke CPSU Central Komite, alai ae e Leonid Brezhnev, kona malama pono hoa ua. I ka 1952 Dinmuhamed Kunayev i aponoia i ka makahiki 1971 e like me ka lala o ke Komite Central o ka CPSU. He Ua wehe 'ia mai nā mea a pau i kona mau pou i loko o 1986-1987. He make i ka 1993.

Vladimir Scherbitsky

Hânau 'ia i ka 1918 i loko o ka ohana o Ukrainian poe hana. I kona wā'ōpiopioʻo ia i kaʻeleu lâlâ o ka Komsomol. E like me kona oihana - he me mechanical lunaʻenehana. I ka hoomaka ana o ke kaua, ua aʻo ma ke Koa Academy o Nine Inch maluhia, a lailaʻo ia i mālama i ka tanker i loko o ka South Caucasus. Ma hope o demobilization ia hana Party hana, mua i loko o ke kūlanakauhale komite o ka Communist Party o Ukraine, laila, i loko o ka oihana o ke Kuhina o ka Communist Party o Ukraine. Mai 1961 a hiki i 1963 ua lunahoomalu o ka 'Aha o Kuhina o ka Ukrainian SSR. Mai ka 1955 BC Hope o USSR, a me ka mai 1958 - ka USSR. presidium lala BC Ukrainian CCP a me CCCP. ʻeleu a me kaʻeleu kūkulu 'ia, hooki i ka ulu ana o ka nationalist neʻeʻana i loko o Ukraine,' Imi? Ac? Hoʻokele waiwai a me ka moʻomeheu. He ua, ua nema aku no ka hūnā paha i ka noho ana o ka Chernobyl ulia. Ua haʻalele nō naʻe i ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi o Mikhail Gorbachev.

Yuri Andropov

Ka lā o ka hanau - 15.06.1914 makahiki. Makua hana ma luna o ka Railroad i loko o ka Stavropol'āina, me kona makuwahine i aʻo mai mele ma ke kaikamahine 'kula. Yuri ua he maikai haumāna i loko o ke kula. Ma hope o ua noho mai ia ia, ae hoomau ana i kona mau haʻawina ma ke kulanui, a laila, - i loko o ka palapala oihana o ka Higher Party School o ka Central Komite. Ua hoʻomaka 'ana o kona' oihana me he maʻamau hana, oia ua i ka mua kakauolelo o ka Komsomol ma Yaroslavl mau makahiki. Ma hope o ka Pinilana War hoʻonohonoho Komsomol keena ma ka Karelian-Pinilana Repubalika. Kona holomua hana ma keia kahua i ike ma ka aoao luna ma Moscow, a ma ka makahiki 1950 Yuri Vladimirovich hoololiia a hiki i ke kia o Kahukula o ka Central Komite ma Moscow, a laila, hoʻouna akula ia i kaʻelele o Hungary. Ma ke kupulau o ka makahiki 1967 Andropov i kauoha mai ai i ka lāʻau kū o ka lunahoomalu o ka KGB. No ka 15 makahiki o kona hana ana ma keia kulana Andropov, ka KGB imi i ka nui hopena ma luna o nā mea a pau spheres o ke ola i loko o ka USSR. 'Imi e alualu ana i ke kaua e kū'ē i ka palaho i loko o ka lani kiekie loa spheres o ka mana. Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Brezhnev, ua hoonohoia General kakauolelo Andropov ua. He alii iho la oia i ka aina me ka paa lima, i halawai kākoʻo mawaena o maʻamau kanaka. He make i ka makahiki 1984.

Andrei Grechko

Hânau 'ia i ka 1903 ma ke kauhale o Golodaevka Kuibyshev Apana, Rostov māhele' āina. Koa nā limahana, mai 1939 - Head o ka Special lio Māhele Bobo. Iloko o ka Apana Worldʻo ia i kauoha mai ai i ka lio mahele, 1942 - luna koa. He malama no i hope luna o ka Voronezh Front i loko o October 1943. B 1945 Andreyu Antonovichu Grechko i i hookoia ai ka inoa o ka Ilamuku o ka Soviet Union. Mai ka 1957 - First Hope Kuhina o Pale Kaua, 1967 - Kuhina o Pale Kaua, lālā o ka Politburo. He make i ka makahiki 1976.

Andrei Gromyko

Hânau 'ia i loko o Iulai 1909 ma ke kauhale o Old Gromyki Mogilev panalaau. He hana 13 makahiki i loko o ka oka a, pu me kona makua kāne. Ana ia i aʻo no ka hoike ana i ha awina ua mua kakauolelo o ka Komsomol, a laila, i ka Party, o ka halepaahao. Puka 'o ia mai ka Minsk Economic Institute. He hana me ka luna hoʻokele o ke kula kauhale. E like me kekahi o ka K'lauea opiopio kanaka, i hoouna aku ai e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina ma ka Academy o Sciences o ka BSSR like me ka puka haumāna, laila, neʻe i Moscow. Mau komo i loko o ka hoʻoponopono ka hoʻonaʻauao, a me ka manaʻo o ka 'oihana koa ke kahu moku, akā, nele i ka makahiki. I ka 1939, ua hiki i ka kalaiaina hana, no ka mea, ua ike English. Ua ua no proletarian ka molekumu o, i mea, ma na aoao hoopii i ka Party Central Komite. Ka mea, ua loa kupono diplomat, ua mahaloia no kā lākou professionalism, a me ka maopopo e ku nei. I ka 1957, a no ka lōʻihi 28 makahiki , Andrei Gromyko lilo haole kuhina. He make i ka 1989.

Grigory Romanov

Hânau 'ia i ka 1923 ma ke kauhale o Zihnovo Novgorod nui māhele'āina i loko o kaʻohana o nā kauwa. Ke kaua i ka signalman, mai ka makahiki 1944 - hoa o ka aoao. Higher hoʻonaʻauao Leningrad Shipbuilding Institute. E kūkulu i kekahi 'oihana i loko o ka aoao laina - i ka makahiki 1970, ua lilo First Kakauolelo o ka Leningrad Regional Komite o ka CPSU. He iwakālua nā makahiki he lâlâ o ke Komite Central o ka Communist Party, i he lâlâ 'o ka Politburo, ua ma ka malama ana i ka oihana koa-hanalima eiiieaena. Ka mea, ua uaua, a uncompromising alihi kaua. He hoʻomaha ma hope o kona hookohu ia i ke kia o Kakauolelo General MS Gorbachev. Pensioner. He make i ka 2008.

Dmitry Ustinov

Hânau 'ia i loko o Samara i ka makahiki 1908 i ka poe ilihune, a me ka nui kua'āina ohana. Aʻu i hana pu me 10 makahiki, ma ka laua aʻo ma ka locksmith. I kona makahiki 14, oia hoolei i loko o kona puu me ka poe koa, e pili ana i ka poʻe kaua o nā defenders o ka Soviet mana-Basmachi bandits ma Uzbekistan, ma kona 'ohana neʻe e pakele ai mai ka pololi a me ka ilihune. I kona makahiki 19, oia hui ka Bolshevik Party. Palapala puka o ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe i loko o Leningrad. Trees kūkulu koke - koke ma mua o ka kaua lilo Commissar o na mea kaua o ka Soviet Union. Hoʻomohala i ka hope o ka oihana koa hana, oia ua me ka manao pono ma hope i ka aoao, no ka i ka mea i kumu kāki i ke ano o Mele Nui. Ma hope o ke kaua koe e like me ka mea e malu ai e lawelawe ai a hiki i kona make ana i ka makahiki 1984.

Mikhail Gorbachev

keiki kua'āina ka, Mikhail Gorbachev i hānau i loko o 1931 ma ka Stavropol māhele 'āina. Mai kona i kakahiaka nui makahikiʻo ia i hana i loko o ke kula. Kala ka Mêkala Kula, ua noho mai ke kula kiʻekiʻeʻo ia i komo aku i ke kumu kānāwai o Moscow State University. Ke kulanui hui i ka Komsomol, a ma hope o ka loaa ana o ka palapala puka o ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe hoʻomaka i ka hana e like me ke kakauolelo o ka Stavropol Komsomol. I kiʻi hou hana kūikawā ka hoʻokele waiwai agronomist. Ana ka ulu 'ana ma ka laina o ke Party, Gorbachev koke loaa ia ia iho ma Moscow, a me kona hopena, e e inextricably ua hoʻopili i ke kulanakauhale alii. I ka makahiki 1978, lilo i lâlâ o ka Communist Party, e like me ke Kakauolelo o ka Central Komite ma ka malama o ka mahiai o ka Union. He He He lâlâ 'o ka Politburo ma lalo o Brezhnev.

Nikolai Tikhonov

Hânau 'ia i ka 1905 i loko o ka Moscow aina, kauhale o Petrovo Aole loa. Nikolai ka makua kāne hana me ka lunaʻenehana. hahai Keiki i loko o kona mau kapuwaʻi - ma hope o këia i loko o iiaie oaoieei 'ano o ka' ōlelo, a laila, i loko o Metallurgical Institute, hana me ka lunaʻenehana ma Dnepropetrovsk. Iloko o ke kaua ka mea, ua i ka luna hoʻokele o ka metallurgical mea kanu, ma hope o ka malama o ka ohe-ape hana like Kuhina o ferrous metallurgy. Oi 'oihana ka ulu ana ka hoʻomaka' ana ma hope o hele mai ana i ka mana, Brezhnev, a Tikhonov i kino ike mai 1930. Hope-ke Kuhina Nui o ka Union Aupuni, he lâlâ 'o ka CPSU Central Komite, mua Hope Kuhina Nui e lawelawe ai, a me ka mai 1979 - hoa o ka Politburo. I ka makahiki 1980, Tikhonov hoʻopaʻa kiʻekiʻe oihana CCCP Council o Kuhina. Kaulana hoʻolaʻaʻana a me ka rejection o ka hana malu. Ua haʻalele mai kona wahi i ka hōʻeaʻana mai o M. S. Gorbacheva.

Konstantin Chernenko

Hânau 'ia i loko o Kepakemapa 1911 i loko o ke kauhale o Bolshaya Tes Yenisei panalaau. Mai noho 'ana kamaliʻi,ʻo ia hana ikaika. Lilo kekahi lala o ka Komsomol i ka 1929, e hana ana ma ka Oihana o ka manaʻo pīhoihoi o ka kūloko Komsomol hui. I ka 1930, ua komo i ka hana i loko o ka palena poe o ka NKVD a koke ia kona luna koa. I ka Ia manawa, ua hui i ka poʻe kaua o ka Bolshevik Party. Iloko o ka Nui Patriotic War, oia puka 'o ia mai ka Higher Party School, laila, hana me ke kakauolelo o ka' āina 'aoao komite i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Penza. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, Konstantin Chernenko Neʻe i Moldova, ma ia halawai ai me Leonid Brezhnev. Party 'oihana Constantine Ustinovich ikaika pii aku la, a ma ka makahiki 1978, ua lilo i lâlâ o ka Politburo. He Ua koho General Kakauolelo o ka CPSU Andropov ka make ma hope, akā, noho ana ma keia oihana no ka uuku oi ma mua o ka makahiki. He make i ka makahiki 1985.

Heydar Aliyev

Hânau 'ia i ka 1923 ma Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan SSR, make ihola ia i loko o Amelika i ka 2003. He ua i ka ha o ke keiki i loko o ka ohana o ka hana ma luna o ka Railroad. All makua Heydarʻewalu āna keiki. Puka 'o ia mai ke kumu kiʻina aʻo E noa ka School,? Oaony e hoʻomau lākou hoʻonaʻauao ma ka'āuna kumu o kuhikuhipuʻuone hana Institute ma Baku, akā, i ke kaua intervened. Mai 1941, Aliyev hana i loko o ka KGB: mua i ke poo o ka oihana o ka NKVD. I ka halaʻana i ke aʻo papa, a e pili ana i ka poʻe kaua o ka CPSU (b) i ke poo o ka Elima Keʻena Luna o ke Kuhina o State e malu ai no ka Azerbaijan CCP. Nui oi i loko o ka haole akamai Arena. I ka makahiki 1969ʻo ia i koho First Kakauolelo o ke Komite Central o Azerbaijan SSR Communist Party, ua i holomua ma ke kaua e kū'ē i ka palaho ma ka lani kiekie loa pae. Iloko o ka noho alii ana o Aliyev, Azerbaijan ua loaʻa nui aneiai ulu. He ua curator o ma paʻi 'enekinia, kukui hana, amo hana. Ma hope o ko Laieikawai i ka 1990, hoi aku la oia i kona'āina.