Ka maikaiʻano likeʻole o ka ohia ma Belarus: Review, ka mahiai, regionalization

Ke Leeuwerikplein kulana o ka aina hiki ole ke noʻonoʻo maikaʻi no ka mahi ana i ka Moiwahine māla - ohia. Breeders e hana ana i ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i na mea kanu, a? Aneii hou. ʻano likeʻole o ka ohia ma Belarus, e like me ka, oiaio, na wahi e, oko ma ka oo ana, ka hua ka pono a me nā 'ano. Oa ?? apono 'oe, e kū ai i ka maikaʻi loa hua i loko o ka ua wahi.

na ohia

Olelo ai o Iosepa i ka ohia hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka wa kahiko Lūkiniʻoihana ka launa pū mai i kaʻumikumamālua kenekulia. I kēia lā, nā mea a pau ma luna o ka honua e mahi na tausani o nāʻano likeʻole o kēia hua laau. Kēlā i kona hoʻomaopop 'ano, a i ke kumu ma ka'āina ano, aniau, ka lepo, ke kimu ole. Thermophilic he ohia - he luawai-ike mea, nae, breeders e hoʻokele e lawe maiʻano, pono apo la, a ma cooler aniau i loko nō.

Kekahi mauʻano likeʻole o ka ohia ma Belarus (hōʻike manaʻo cottagers a me ka mala e hooiaio ia),? Aiu no kekahi mau mea o ka aina, e haawi mai i ka maikai loa hoi e ohi. Sweet a me ka ono hua i manawa e oo ai, a me ka paipai pū i mea nona o nā mahinaʻai, mai ka hebedoma hope o Iulai, a me ka hope o Novemaba.

Ohia ma Belarus

Over ka 20 makahiki i hala iho nei, i hoihoi i ka maikaiʻano likeʻole o ka ohia no Belarus breeders o kekahi mau-iao? Kulanui. Iwaena o lakou, i ka All-Russian Research Institute o Horticulture (Michurinsk), i ka Hawaiian Research Institute o Horticulture, TAA. Currently, ōlaʻi i ka ike ana'ku i loaʻa i ka mala ana ho'āʻo a paipai no ka mahi i loko o ka climatic olelo o ke aupuni.

Ka loa Popular komo:

1. kakahiaka kau:

• Lipno.
• Lada.
• August hau.
• Skorospelka o Michurinsk.

2. hopena o ke kau:

• Chizhovski.
• Rogneda.
• Duhmjanyj.
• Lagodnaya.

3. Akuma ka:

• Moemoeā Efimova.
• Paʻa Zhegalova.
• Caramel.

4. Winter:

• Hawaiian hope.
• Hoʻopaʻa haʻawina Kiev.
• Kyrgyz hooilo.
• Ka Nowemapa.

Mau laau i nui maikaʻi hakuloli i ka huliau o ka aina, susceptible emi i ka maʻi ma mua o ka muaʻano - Bessemyanka a Tonkovetka. Hiʻona ohia ua kiʻekiʻe o mahuahua, eia nae ka nele o ka 'ike e pili ana i ka piʻi like o kēia? Aneii kanawai. 'Aʻole i pau growers ka ike o Hoʻopuka hou, hana i mau i ka manawa e kuai i kanu pono. Holoholona ano laulā o nā mea kanu, e hiki ke koho i ke kaha kūpono no kou wahi. Hua, maʻi ia'ku, a maikai ka hoʻololiʻana i ka mawaho olelo ae mai, e olelo ole wale no aeoaeuneiai ka mahiʻai mala, akā, no hoi i kuai na mahinaai uku pila ma ka akau wahi o Belarus.

Mea Maluna

ʻepekema classify ohia i kekahi mau kai. Key:

1.'Āpana:

• Nani Loa - maikaʻi no ka landscaping nā wahi ulu lāʻau a me nā mahinaʻai, me nā hua i ole edible, akā, i ka helehelena o luku foliage nani;
• hua, ma ka huli, hiki e:

• iiaie oaoieei - hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka meaʻai hana no ka aaioee;
• Mau Dessert paha - hoopauia hawaiian;
• versatile - kupono no ka aaioee, a no ka hou hokii.

2. Ke au o ka maturation:

• ke kau, a kakahiaka nui - kaʻohiʻana lohi July - i kakahiaka nui August;
• Akuma ka 'ole nä kualapa waena - ohi ai i loko o Sepatemaba, a October;
• hooilo a ke aumoe - hua hiki aku i ka weheʻia waiwai nui ma ka hapalua like-Akuma ka.

3. ka hua nui:

• nui-hua - 200-500 nā huna a oi;
• Middle - 80-200 nā huna;
• uuku-hua - 30-80 nā huna;

4. Na degere o ka hardiness:

• Hardy a i pa ahau, a hiki i ka wela o ka -30-35 ⁰ C;
• ole Hardy a;

5. ono fetus:

• ʻono;
• ono a me kaʻawaʻawa;
• tart-awaawa (ia hoao ana ua loaa mai ka maʻiʻo kiʻekiʻe o tannins hua ihi).

6. ka papa hana o ka pollination:

• samoplodnye - e haawi mau mai i ka hale lio, e haawi aku;
• ole pakiko-pollinated - ka mea pono i ka maopopo pollinatorʻano likeʻole.

mahiʻai 'enekinia,

Mahiʻano likeʻole o ka ohia ma Belarus kauoha i ka hookahi malama me ka laau i ulu i loko o kekahi climatic cii. Mahi pono ka loaʻa o kekahi mau kumu:

1. Landing. Ka maikai aina - Lok, a he palolo kekahi soils me ka hohonu groundwater. Ka vinega Lime. Location kohoʻia ka lā a me ka windless. Poe akamai i ae aku i ka luawai kanu, akā, waiho haule - i ka hopena o Kepakemapa.

2. ai ana. Ke kanu puka ua i mai i ka 10 kg humus manure (compost ke), 50 nā huna a me 30 nā huna o ka superphosphate potasiuma paakai. Na makahiki eha mua ma lalo o ka lāʻau, a e naikokene mea hoʻomomona, hoʻokahi nō ka manawa hou potash mea hoʻomomona. Mai ka lima o ka makahiki o nā mea a pau i loko iho fertilizers ma Groove eli iho a puni ka periphery o ka pāpale aliʻi.

3. hoohainu i ka wai. Young mea kanu i hoohainu iho la i hookahi manawa i ka hebedoma, wale kekahi bākeke. I ka wela maloo ka ino a me ka maʻamau hooinu ai alapine (frequency) ua hoomahuahua ia.

4.ʻoki i ka pāpale aliʻi. Ua ua lawe mai ma ka Akuma ka, wehe ia laua a me ka pono ulu lala, hoʻopōkole 'lōʻihi. Wahi slices hoʻokō 'kihapai ke kepau a me ka pauka, charcoal.

Eia hou kekahi, ka hana 'ana i lawelawe koi' ia no ka maʻi Kāohiʻana, ola pahi, lepo lapaʻau,'īpale (inā pono).

nolaila ia i kuu ike ana'ku

Kekahi mauʻano likeʻole o ka ohia nunui ma Belarus i loko o na hale nā mahinaʻai, a me ka kālepa kīhāpai. Ke oa o ka papaʻaina i ka loa Popular poʻe.

Summer

Summer na ohiaʻano likeʻole i loko o Belarus, he luawai-kukulu ai ma ka aina - ka:

1. Duchesse makahiki. Like Aneane pau kakahiaka nuiʻano likeʻole o ka ohia ma Belarus haawi i ohi ai i loko o August nui. Hua ke kaupaona - mai i 80 nā huna, i ka ho'āʻoʻana mea ono, palupalu, poorly mālama,ʻaʻole oi aku mamua o elua pule. Ke kino, ka mea maikai-na hua liilii, juicy, kaha onionio Mātiu ka malamalama melemele. Fruiting hoʻomaka ma 7-8 makahiki, ia tolerates anu hoʻopale i ka pehu pala.

2. moemoeā Efimova. Ua ke kauwela a me ka hopena oʻano likeʻole o ka ohia ma Belarus. Hopena e holo punahele Clapp a me Tonkovetki. Hua ma luna o ka walu o ka makahiki, e haawi ana i ka pilina paʻa kiʻekiʻe e haawi i ko loko o kakahiaka Kepakemapa. Ana i ka hua he pāʻumi mai i 120 nā huna, he omaomao iki-melemele. Ka hapa nui o ka ohia uhi me kaʻula poe. Ke kino, ka meaʻawaʻawa-ʻono, kānaka tart, meakino juicy, keʻokeʻo. Waiho waho no elua pule. Laau i pono ku aiʻaihueʻia i hoʻopale i ka pehu pala.

Akuma ka

Akuma kaʻano likeʻole o ka ohia ma Belarus (Hawaii photo hua ke ike ma lalo nei) e haawi aku i ka wa e ohi ai, mai ka hoomaka ana mai o Sepatemaba a hiki i ka malama o Novemaba. Ua maikai waiho waho ma e like me ke kau wela. Collection ua lawe mai koke (i oi aku 6-7 lā), ma mua losing he presentable helehelena a me kaʻaiʻana. Commonʻano likeʻole:

1. Chizhovski. Hua no ka 3-4 makahiki, ua wehewehe aku ma kiʻekiʻe e haawi i ko. Hua ke kaupaona - 140 nā huna. Ke kaha onionio Ua ala apuupuu Mātiu, he lenalena, he mea he uuku poe. I ka ho'āʻoʻana o ka ohiaʻawaʻawa-ʻonoʻiʻo pepa mea yellowish a keʻokeʻo, meakino juiciness. Wa e ohi ai i ka hopena o August, ua hūnāʻia i ka 3 mahina. Grade hoomau aku a hiki adverse ino keia, hau.

2. Aloha Maria. Fruiting hoomaka ma ke kolu o ka makahiki, i ka hale lio hua. Nui, he pāʻumi mai i 190 nā huna me ka palupalu hua oilyʻiʻo. Ke kaha onionio Ua malamalama yellow me ka a pink poe hōʻemi iki. Hoʻopale i pests a me nā maʻi, anu mea i makau. Wa e ohi ai i loko o ka haule ana, o ka hua hiki ke waiho waho a hiki i ka malama o Novemaba.

Winter

Winter na ohiaʻano likeʻole i loko o Belarus e mahalo i aeoaeuneiai mala. A hanohano nō hoʻi hiʻona o ka huaʻano likeʻole o kā lākou mālamaʻana e like ai (hiki ke hūnāʻia i ka wai). Hua e ho'āʻo nei e hōʻiliʻili i ka hopena i hiki, i ka ia manawa pale ia mai fraying. Aia i kekahi mauʻano likeʻole pono hakuloli i ka aina o climatic ana:

1. Ka Kyrgyz hooilo. Ua haawi i hale hānai kiʻekiʻe hua ma 6-7 makahiki. Ohia hoʻomaka e ohi i loko o ka hebedoma mua o Okatoba, noho uliuli a pau, a me ka hoʻopā no a pink poe. Weight He 250 nā huna. Full maturation mea ma December, o ka ili i he lenalena, a me ka magenta waihoʻoluʻu lilo. Ka hua i maikai loa ono, maikaʻi aroma,ʻiʻo mea keʻokeʻo a me ka juicy. Grade maluhia tolerate aiʻaihueʻia a me ka wi, hoʻopale i ka pehu pala.

2. Hawaiian hope. Ua hua i loko o ka 5th makahiki. Ke i kā mākou, e haawi aku no i ka 90 kg no ka laau, e haawi ana 10th ka makahiki. Ka hua kēia ipu kālā ka awelika o ka 100 nā huna, ono me kaʻoluʻoluʻo sourness. Ke kino, he juicy, keʻokeʻo, iki oily. Pono no ka hoʻohana mai October a hiki i Feberuari. E hoomau ana a hiki i Mei (i loko o coolers). Ihi hoopaa hoi, hoʻonaninani, alani-melemele, i kekahi manawa, uhi raspberryʻulaʻula. Anu-hoʻopaleʻano, mea,ʻaʻole e pili mai pehu pala, mahalo i ka Central a me ka hema loa o ka aina.

uala hou mai

Popular a me ka hoʻomano hoʻohanaʻano likeʻole o ka ohia ma Belarus ke kiʻekiʻe o lilo aku ko lakou ia'ku i ka maʻi. Bere Slutskaya, oily, Belarus hope ma ka makahiki me ka pulu, a me loko o ke kauwela massively hoʻohuli ai i nā pehu pala. ʻepekema imi e ole wale lawe houʻano likeʻole, akā, no hoi e ke hakuloli nei poʻe a hiki i ka climatic olelo o ke aupuni. Paʻa Yakovlev Chizhovski, Severyankaʻoe iʻano likeʻole.

I ka 2005, ka mea hou "na ohia noho" o Belarus hou:

1. Lagodnaya - hapalua 81-13 / 64. Ke periodicity o kaʻai i waena i loko o ka 4th makahiki. Hua ke kaupaona i 150 nā huna oo ana i loko o ka hopena o August, i kaʻiʻo pepa mea juicy, ono a me ka huawaina, lohi loa, a me ka maikai ono aroma. Ke kaha onionio mea uliuli a me na mea he nui poʻo kiko huina. Wa e ohi ai i ka hopena o August, ua hūnāʻia i ka 3 pule.

2. Fun - seedling 5/20. Hua laau i ka 5-6 makahiki, i ka wa e ohi ai loa ai i ka pilina paʻa, maoli me ka makahiki. Hua kaupaona mai i 120 nā huna, hoʻonaninani ili, ka lā'ī, ka wā pana i loko o ka lua o ka hapalua o Sepatemaba he omaomao iki-yellow ma hope oo (ma hope o 3 pule) - gula lenalena. Ke kino, he palupalu, mea-huawaina, onaona.

wa e ohi ai

Hawaiian Research Institute o Horticulture kaumaha ana iʻano likeʻole o nā Mele a me ka ohia ma Belarus mea pono i kō nā koi o ka growers a me ka ai puolo. Iloko o ka hana (mai ka makahiki 1925), i? Anoee poe akamai i oi aku mamua o 1,000 Eia kekahi laʻana o kekahi mauʻano likeʻole.

Koho a ua haawiia no ka ciie? Ohia paka he kohu kūpono iʻohi. Record ua 2006-2007 a me 2009-2010, i ka wa o ka ohi bale ana a hiki i loa 61.000 tona.

i ka hoʻohana 'ana o

Ohia e hoʻohana ka hapanui hawaiian. Hua waiwai i loko o nā wikamina a me nā minelala hao. Kauka paipai aku ia me he dietary huahana me ka haʻahaʻa ka maʻiʻo o calories a me kō. Brewed mai ka hua compotes, Jam, Jam, maloʻo hua wa e oki ai. Ua Ua loa hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia ma ka imu ohia nei. A ka mea,ʻaʻole pono little - hua hele pono me ka mōhai huahana.

Wood i kekahi hanana e like ai - ia mea loa ole malalo i ka deformation. Nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone hoʻohana i kekahi luna i ka ohia lāʻau. Paheona wahi mea hoʻonani a me kaʻoihana i mai hoʻokō 'ʻeleʻele hoʻohaumiaʻo ohia laau, nana pipiʻi, me he mea mai ka 'ēboni i makana nou.