Ka mōʻaukala o nā kāmaʻa, mai ka wa kahiko a hiki i ka lā keia

Mōʻaukala o nā kāmaʻa e paʻa ana i kahi o 30 tausani makahiki. Iloko o keia manawa, e loli nui styles a me nā ana hoʻohālike, akā, no ka mea, e waiho ana no ka loa e pono ai a me ka nui 'atikala ana o ke kapa.

Shoes kahiko

Ma ka hopena o kaʻepekema, ka poe i aʻo, a ua kālailai mākou i loaʻa i ka i koe iho o primitive kanaka, me ka 'ole o ko lākou mau iwi, a me ka uha mua iwi, ka mua Eia kekahi laʻana o ka mea kahiko kāmaʻaʻikeʻia i loko o ka weuweu Paleolithic ma ke komohana loa oʻEulopa. Ka mea, iloko oia kau hoomaka ae la e e loli i loko o ka 'ole o ka wāwae o ka poʻe kahiko: hoomaka iho la i ka lima iki, e emi me ka mau kinona o ka wāwae, a ua ukuia i ua hoʻokomoʻia i pilipaa kamaa.

Ka mōʻaukala mau kamaa, hahao mea hiki i keia manawa, a ma muli o ka mua anu Snap o ka maikai ana kahiko e hoomalu ia lakou iho, mai ke anu, hoomaka ae la na kanaka e komo i ka ili o ka holoholona, a me na wawaeʻanuʻu apana o ka ili. No ka'īpale, ahu iho kau ma waena o ka ili maloo uliuli hoʻohana like Aniak bast mai ka laau wauke.

I ka moʻolelo o ke kāmaʻa ma hotter'āina, e like me KahikoʻAigupita, ua pili i ka muli o nā kāmaʻa e kanaka pūlikiʻia i ka hoʻopale wawae, mai ka wela ke one, a me ka mea mau hele kāmaʻaʻole ia i ka lumi. Mau kamaa; akeke mai papyrus a me nā lāʻau lau, nākiʻi i ka wāwae me ka ili kaula. I kā lākou hana i kumu hoohalike i pau i ka ia no nā wāwae. Wealthier koʻAigupita komo kamaa me nā kaula ke aloha i hoʻonaniʻia. Kekahi ano o ka mea mahaloia imua o kahiko Aigupita kāmaʻa i loaʻa ma ka hanaʻeliʻana o ka noho, ka mea i like loa me ke kālā no slippers me ka paʻa manamananui.

Shoes ma Makamua Greece

Nana e like me nā kāmaʻa e paʻa ana ma ke kahiko Greece hiki e hookolokoloiaʻi e au, ma murals depicting Greek akua: ka mea, he mau kamaa "krepidy", a ua pili i lacing wāwae kokoke i ke kuli. E like me ka mōʻaukala mooolelo, ka mea i ka manawa mua i hoomaka ai na Helene, e humuhumu kamaa no symmetrical lauana ma ka akau a me ka haʻalele wāwae.

Ma waho aʻeo ia kamaa, mawaena o Greek na wahine, ua mahalo "endromidy" - kiʻekiʻe nā kamaʻa puki me ka pau a; akeke nui ia kekahi keena o kaʻili, a overtighten lōʻihi kaula uliuli mua, a me nā manamana kiei mai. pahaohao trendsetter he Helena, ka poe e noho ana i nā kāmaʻa loa ka eha a me ka hoʻonaniʻia koloka. Women mau kamaa, i i koe i loko o ke one palapalaia maluna penei "E hahai mai iaʻu" he mau ma ka vogue pono ma heteras i nui hiʻona keia manawa, "persikai" (nā kamaʻa puki, anal).

Ua lilo ike i ke aloha a hiki i ka Helene Mea Keaka i ua hoʻokomoʻia ka mea i hana, e hiki ia lakou mawaena o ka lehulehu - kekahi 'ano o nā kāmaʻa - "buskins" ma luna o ka pola kiʻekiʻe.

Shoes ma Makamua Roma

Makamua Roma Shoes kaʻana i lawelawe kūlana haʻahaʻa a me ka wahine:

• calceus - paa kamaa me Keiki i loko o ke alo ua hoʻokomoʻia plebeians wale;
• solea - kamaa me nā kaula, i like loa me ka Helene, o ka poe ilihune Romans hiki wale nō ke hoʻohana i kekahi kaula, a me ka waiwai patricians - 4;
• na wahine komo keʻokeʻo wale nō kāmaʻa, na kanaka -ʻeleʻele;
• Aha lealea kamaa, heʻulaʻula, a me koloka hoʻonaniʻia me ka humuhumu a me na pohaku;
• koa kamaa i Roma koa komo, - ikaika kamaa, o kona poli i ka onipaa ana, i kapaia o caligae;
• nā mea hana keaka ke hookomo wale slippers ma ka clothesline socci.

A laulāʻano o ka kaulana kahiko o kaʻIseraʻela, ma nā kāmaʻa e paʻa ana i; akeke nui kiʻekiʻe loa quality, hoʻohana 'hulu hipa, ili, he laau, a me ke kō. O lakou na kamaa, a kamaa, slippers a me nā kamaʻa puki. Ma ka honua ua drevneizrailskoy a me nā kāmaʻa e paʻa ana me kiʻekiʻe kuʻekuʻe wāwae i loko o nā mikanele Ke Ana Hoʻohālike i i pili i nā kuʻekuʻe nani hue o ka meaʻala.

Scythian kamaa

Mōʻaukala o nā kāmaʻa Scythian lāhui kanaka, ka poe e noho ana i nā kūpuna o ka hikina Slavs, Hōʻike i ka loa hanohano mawaena o lakou nanea kiʻekiʻe pahee ili nā kamaʻa puki i overtighten mau hipuu i mea e nani ai i hoʻohana multicolored mea e nani ai, i ka lole popopo. Ka mea, ua hoʻokomoʻia nā kamaʻa puki ma luna o ka manaʻo stocking. Nā poʻo o nā nā kamaʻa puki i akeke mosaic o nā'āpana poʻohiwi o ka für, nā pōpō i manao ai a me ka ili. Lole wāwae ka lehu o loko o nā kamaʻa puki manaʻoi e Hōʻike Pāʻani Kinipōpō Hīnaʻi i ka nani o ia mea kamaa.

Shoes Scythian kanaka, ua like me ka nānā aku i nā kamaʻa puki weluwelu ma ka akau kanaka i loko o Rusia. ole Women ka nā kamaʻa puki ua like kiʻekiʻe, akā, i kaʻulaʻulaʻili, e hoʻonaniʻia ka mea, me nā lauana, ma ka hookui ana o ke poo, a ua; akeke nui ke kumu ulaula ka hulu hipa poe me ka ʻili appliqué.

Ka loa mua hiʻona o Scythian kamaa - ornate kapuwaʻi o nā kamaʻa puki, i humuia me nā lei, nā pōpō ulaula o ka tendon. A like me nā mea kū ola pau mea hoʻonani i hawaiian hehi lāhui kanaka, ka poe i ka aoao o ka noho me ka aoao mau wāwae, e paʻa ana i ke kuekue wawae mawaho.

Shoes ma medieval Europe

Europa kāmaʻa mōʻaukala ke Akua i waeʻia e keʻano o ka Middle Ages ma tufli- "CRAKOW" me ka upturned ihu i ka ua i kona loihi ana, a no laila, koloka hoʻonaniʻia me ka bele, i ka mea i ai i ka nakinakiʻia ma ka uha, a hiki i e hiki ke hele maʻamau. Oia na kamaa ma ka 14th kenekulia, i koi 'ia' elele o ka maikaiʻohana i komo ma ke kauoha o ke Alii o Farani Philip 4th.

15th kenekulia lawe mai i kekahi hou pahaohao mai la o kamaa: shoemakers hoʻomaka e humuhumu iho wale kūmūmū ÷, a me ka? Anoe? A me ka mea ulu o ka kakaka, me ka hope, ua lilo ia i mea pilikia. Ua i loko o ke kakahiaka nui 16th kenekulia. kamaa i ke e nakinakiʻia i nā wāwae i ka pae ana o ke ola. I keia manawa, ua kiʻekiʻe kuʻekuʻe wāwae, i hoʻomaikaʻi i me ka ili like hoʻi, ma muli o ia ioioie? Hobby, nā kamaʻa puki ma ka ano i ka piko kiʻekiʻe loa - 'nā kamaʻa puki', ka poe i noho ana e holo lio ana.

Fashion kāmaʻa ma ka 16th kenekulia i ke kāne: ka mea, o na kanaka, ka poe hiki ke hōʻike aku i ka mea houʻulaʻula kāmaʻa me nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae, a me nā wāhine huna iho i ko lakou mau kamaa ma lalo o ka fluffy huʻa lole, a i ole ike hou.

He wale mai i ka hoʻomaka o ka 17th ke kenekulia., I ka wa i lilo kaila pōkole huʻa lole, na wahine i ua hiki e hōʻike i kona mau kânaka graceful silika, brocade a me ka velvet kāmaʻa me ka uuku kuʻekuʻe. Rich wāhine komo kāmaʻa, koloka i humuia, a hoʻonaniʻia me nā pōhaku.

Baroque a Rococo paha ma ka flowering o ka'āina hoʻohiwahiwa ballroom kāmaʻa, koloka hoʻonaniʻia me nā kakaka, lei, ribbons. Nā ana hoʻohālike lakou iho i i ka pipiʻi fabrics a me ka ili ana o kekahi mau'ōniʻoniʻo (ʻulaʻula, he lenalena, uliuli, etc.). E decorate i nā kānaka ka jackboot, a no ka pono o ka holo ana ia i hoʻohuiʻia wini kakala.

Ma ka hopena o 18th kenekulia, i ka mālamalama i wahi lole kamaa hou mea hiki ili nā kamaʻa puki i ua pohole me ka makemake, o na wahine a me na kanaka. Shoes ua oluolu zipper paha kaula uliuli, he uuku kuekue wawae, he aniani, hoʻonaniʻia me für hooilo Ke Ana Hoʻohālike.

laau kamaa

I ka wā kahiko, he laau, me he mea no ka manufacturing o nā kāmaʻa i hoʻohana kākaʻikahi, no ka mea, ua manaoia he hawawa koʻu a me ka'ūpiki. Ke wale nō koe nae o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o nā kapuwaʻi i kamaa, a i kahiko Roma i nakinakiʻia i nā'āpana o ka lole wāwae, a moʻa ma nā pio wāwae, no laila, ka mea e i pakele.

Ma Europe i ka 16-18 kenekulia ma ka vogue laau "Clog" ( 'ole clogs) me ka manoanoa puupuu wawae, a ua pili i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia O Kaohikukapulani wawae. Waiwai na wahine, komo ia, no laila, i ole e kiʻiʻino nenelu o ke alanui. Ka ilihune kauwa i loko o ka papa he overshoes me ka laau lalo a me ka ili luna, a ua kupono i ka hele i loko o nā kuahiwi.

Most kaulana Clog, a galoshes kuai ai i loko o ka Netherlands a me ka'ākau France no ka mea paʻa a me ka hiʻona i loko o ka kāmaʻa oe ke hele ma ka Wetland like me ka pilikia o ka wai kapuai. Hua mai la mai kona laau, a 'aʻole i crack :. popela, wilou, etc. I 1570 kaʻahahui o shoemakers, hana kūikawā ana i loko o ka hana i hanaia Clog, he laau kamaa nō, e mae wale kekahi Hōlani mahiʻai i kahua hana.

Laau kamaa, a ma hope, ua kaulana maʻEnelani, kahi a lakou i pohole e kauwa meʻaʻahuʻoluʻolu kamaa, a iloko o na icai auou caiaiai ili nā kamaʻa puki.

Shoes no na koa

hoomaka Roma poe koa, e hoʻohana kamaa i lole kamaʻa aie i ka mea i ka mea, i ka hele mamao loa lāua ma nā'āina. Koa kāmaʻa i ka ikaika kaula, kui. Ia hope hoomaka ae la lakou e hana mau kamaa, i e kui ana o ka luna o ka tibia, a no ka Nani Loa hehee hiki ke nānā 'ka papa, a me ka ano o ke koa.

Mai ka wā kahiko, i na koa, i komo nā kamaʻa puki, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ulaula, no ka mea, ka mea i ike i ke koko iloko o ke kaua a me koko blisters ma hope hoʻokō '. Hope, a me ka hoike o kaʻaʻahu aliʻi, hoomaka ae la koa nā kamaʻa puki e pakaʻeleʻele. Ma Europa, na nā kamaʻa puki lilo hanohano ma hope o ke kaua ana o ka poe kaua o ka hehi i loko o ke au o ka poʻe Polenekia o kanaka, hoomaka ae la lakou e lawe i wale i ka lio, akā, ranchers.

Ma ka Middle Ages, ka wā naita aahu oia o ka metala mea kaua, kekahi i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia, a socks naita kamaa (sabatons). Huʻi manamananui papa ma ia he kīpaku i mālama ai e like me ka hou koʻi no ke koa: ka mea hiki e make, e ku i ka enemi. Sabatons ma hope, hoomaka ae la e hana i ka poepoe manamananui, i kapaʻia ka mea, "Duck wawae".

Ma ka 19th kenekulia, hoomaka ae la ka poe koa Pelekāne, e humuhumu iho ai no kā lākou mau poʻe kaua kiʻekiʻe nā kamaʻa puki me ka lacing, inoa kapakapa "blyuhersami". Wahi a ke kaʻao, mau nā kamaʻa puki weluwelu ma koa o ka Army Blucher iloko o ka Napoleonic Wars. Ka mea, ola like me ka oihana koa lole kamaʻa no na makahiki.

Ma ka 20th kenekulia. manawa o ke Kaua IIʻEulopa Hawaii i lako pono kaua " 'auwaha na kamaa" ma ka paʻa poho i ka mānoanoaʻili. E hoʻomaka ana mai ka 1941, i ka US Army hoʻohana ili kāmaʻa me Keiki ma ka kemikala poho.

Lole kamaʻa i loko o Rusia

I ka moolelo o ka lole kamaʻa i kahiko Rus 'hoʻomaka me ka loa, he pono ole pohole mahiʻai ole wale akā, i hoʻokiwikā ilihune - he bast. Oia lole kamaʻa ua ola wale i loko o Rusia, nā no kona hana i mālama ai birch wauke (linden, wilou, lāʻauʻoka, etc.). No kekahi paʻa o ka bast kamaa i ka waiwai pio i ka laau o ke 3-4.

Aia bast bast maʻamau a me ka aha lealea, oi leo hone: a pink aʻulaʻula. No ka thermal'īpale i loko o ka hooilo kāmaʻa Stela ka mauu maloo a me ka lalo hoopuni aku ai kaula i ka hemp. Ma kā lākou mau wāwae hoʻopaʻa equ (ololi kaula o kaʻili) ole mochentsami (hemp kaula). Kekahi paʻa o ke kua'āina bast lawa no 4-10 lā, akā, ka mea, ua nike.

Na kahiko Russian-ili kāmaʻa - Pistons, pahee kamaa o ka'āpana kālāʻokoʻa o kaʻili ua hui pūʻia ma luna o ke kapa ma luna o ke kaula. Most Popular Rus e ho'ōla kuai na nā kamaʻa puki, i kui i ka ia no na kane a me na wahine. Ili nā kamaʻa pukiʻikeʻia i loko o Rusia no i na incursions o ka nomadicʻohana o Asia. Ka mea, Ua i kaʻili a me ka shoemaking haku i kū kaʻawale makaukau a me ka rawhide. Na puupuu wawae i i o kekahi mau papa o ka cowhide mai ia, ma manawa, hoomaka ae la e hana i mau kuʻekuʻe.

Na puupuu wawae nā kamaʻa puki kahiko oki obliquely ai i uaʻoi kona kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hope o ka mua loa. Ka mea i ana i kaʻeleʻeleʻili a me ka aiiia morocco nā kamaʻa puki i i kaʻulaʻula, omaomao, uliuliʻili, i hookohu aku i ia ia me ka ua kahikoia a nani. Mau nā kamaʻa puki Ua i loko o Rusia, mua o ka laweia maiʻia, a laila, mai ka waena mai o ka 17th ke kenekulia., Morocco kila hana kanu ma Moscow Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich.

Morocco nā kamaʻa puki Ua i o kaʻili o ke kao, i ka mea, pelaʻona nō no 2 pule ma ka papa wiliʻai, a laila, akahele anaiia pohaku e kiʻi i ka lā'ī ili. Iaʻi lakou me ka aniline make pele hou ili i ka kūikawā kumu (sharkskin).

Ma ka 19th kenekulia. ua he kanaka maoli Lūkini i manao ai nā kamaʻa puki: nā kamaʻa puki a me ua mau laau la, na mea i hanaia o ka hulu hipa. Lākou kumukuai ua kiʻekiʻe no i ka ka manaʻo pohihihi o ka hana, no laila, pinepine i loko o ka 'ohana, he kekahi paʻa o nā kamaʻa puki, a iʻaʻahuʻia i ka huli.

Ma ka 20th kenekulia. Rusia ka cobblers i inoa kapakapa "wahi kiekie" aie i ka mea i ka mea hana ma na wahi e pili ana (ke kāmaʻa pōʻeleʻele loa i aia i loko o ka Marina Roshcha), a ua hana e like me ka Lone hae.

19-20 kenekulia a me ka muli o ke kāmaʻa hana

Ka mea mua a me kaʻahahui kāmaʻa pōʻeleʻele loa iʻikeʻia ma Europe i loko o ke au mai o ka feudalism, akā, laila, hoomaka ae la e hana kamaa o ua mea liʻiliʻi o ke kauoha. Ma mua wahi i loko o kā lākou hana mai ka pono a me ka nānā aku o huahana.

I ka pakebona hoomaka ae la e kūkulu hola ka wā o nā kāmaʻa hoomaka i ka hana anu u ma ka anu u, akā, kēlā me kēia mau ua nō i hanaia e kanaka kauoha. Ua ua wale i loko o ka 19th kenekulia. e puku i ka velvet kāmaʻa e hele mai oi mea hiki a me ka oluolu ili kamaa a me nā kamaʻa puki.

I kēia mau makahiki, nui? Iecaianoaaiiie o kāmaʻa hoʻomaka me ka hoʻonohonohoʻia o ka wāwae, a me ka hookaawale ana i ka paʻa o ka asymmetry ma ka hema-pono. Lole kamaʻa hana ua lilo hou mechanized, he mea mau kamaa, hola, kahi e manual hana UAIAaIN ma machines. Ma ke kakahiaka nui 20th kenekulia. hana o ka lole kamaʻa huahana ulu i 500 hui no kela a me keia limahana, a ma ka hapalua like - i 3 tausani hui ..

Ma ka 20th kenekulia, hoomaka ae la na kamaa e pāʻani kūlana ano nui i loko o ka haku o ka wahine ke kiʻi: like me ka hopena o ka hua'ōleloʻo o nā huʻa lole wahine, he hiki nani wāwae a me ka leo hone kamaa a me nā kamaʻa puki lākou e hōʻike, ma ka hou vogue wahine kamaa. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka malie a me ka mākaʻikaʻi komo kamaa i kaʻili, maloko, suede a silika, a ua aoia hoi kamaa, e hana nei,ʻaʻole wale nō kaula uliuli, akā, no hoi me ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka makau a me ka pihi.

I ka 1930 pahaohao kāmaʻa hoomaka ae la e hoʻololi: he mau paepae ai, a wedgies. I keia manawa, e hoʻomaka ana mai akamai S. Ferragamo S. a me'Arepada, ka poe i 'oihana' hana i loko o ka hana o ka holomua Ke Ana Hoʻohālike, a hele mai me ka hou styles. Over manawa, na kamaa a me nā kamaʻa puki e hoʻomaka ana i ka e ole wale no ka ili, i hoʻohana lole a me ka wahie, laholio no ka hana o ka "bot".

E hoʻomaka 1950 iaʻano i ka nānā hou 'ikamu - (. Rock a me Roll listen'ōlelo) he uuku kuekue wawae-hairpin a me styles ole kuʻekuʻe manao no ka pono i ka hula. Au nō e i hooki hoopaapaa like me ka mea i ka hiki ana o makia: French Robert Vivier, R. Massaro a Italia
S. Ferragamo.

Shoe hola lua o ka hapalua o ka 20th kenekulia i ua hana me ka hiki ole mana, ma ke kaʻina ua maopopo hana nona iho, a hoi malalo o ka lako polokalamu. Ka mea, paka na tausani o ka hui o ke ano kāmaʻa kela malama keia malama,ʻo ia hoʻi, nā maoli, a me ka kemikala mea.

Kaila kamaa ma ka 21st kenekulia

21st kenekulia - i ka manawa o ke ana hou kamaa (mau invented, a ua hanaʻia nā pale poʻohiwi hou, styles, a me insoles), a me nā loli i nāʻano o kona kuai. Shoes hiki e ke kuai me he meaʻuʻuku hale kūʻai, he nui mākeke nui, a ma ka Internet.

A ohi ana o ka polokalamu Ke Ana Hoʻohālike i na poe ma ka podium i loko o na manawa, he wahi lihi iki o ka'āina, a me nā luawai-ike akamai, ma laila nō ke kau a me ka hooilo, a me demi a me ke ahiahi kamaa. Hoikehonua, kamaa - kēiaʻano o ka styles a me nā ana hoʻohālike, a ua kaulana a me ka nui kenekulia aku nei, a ua ikea mai nei: ia mau kamaa, a me nā kamaʻa puki, kamaa, loafers, clogs, nā kamaʻa puki, na kamaa a me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe like'? Ueo. Contemporary poʻe akamai a me ka fabricators i hoʻolako pono me ka hope enehana, hiki wawe ka unuhi lākou mau manaʻo i loko o ka lanakila.