Lado Ketskhoveli ke ola a me ka make ana o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni

Lado Ketskhoveli i kekahi o na lalaʻano nui o ka RSDLP ma Transcaucasia. He Ua hana ia ma ke pai hana a me ka propaganda i waena o nā hana. Me ia, e like me ke kanaka opiopio hana me Iosif Stalin. Ketskhoveli make iho la i ka oaeouee? I loko o ka hale paʻahao. No ka mea Bolsheviks, lilo iho la oia i ka meʻe, a he maikaʻi loa kūlana kŘkohu.

i kakahiaka nui makahiki

I ka wā e hiki mai hoʻokahuli aupuni Lado Ketskhoveli hānau January 14, 1877 ma ka liʻiliʻi Keokia kauhale o Tkviavi ma Tiflis mokuna. Kona makua kāne i ke kahuna. Lado - 'aoʻao inoa. Real inoa ua Vladimir hoʻokahuli aupuni. Ka makua hoouna aku i ke keiki, e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina ma Tiflis Orthodox Theological Kulanui. Loko o kona mau pā Lado Ketskhoveli lawe pio aku ai ma ka hoʻokahuli aupuni i ka manaʻo nui i ka poe kaulana mawaena o ui kanaka.

I ka 1893, ua kipaku ke keiki, mai ke Kulanui 'o. Reprisals hahai aku ma hope o kona hoʻonohonoho i ka haumāna hahau. Ma hope iho o kēia episode, Lado Ketskhoveli hiki ole e ola ma Tbilisi. Ke kanaka opiopio neʻe akula ia Kiev, kahi ana i manao e hoʻomau i kona paʻa hapa hoʻonaʻauao. Aia O ka hoʻokahuli aupuni hou komo i ke Kulanui. I loko nō o ka pilikia ma Tiflis, Ketskhoveli i haalele iho kona kuleana i loko o ke kipi. He lilo kaʻeleu huahelu i loko o nā pōʻai o Kiev Social Democrats. I ka 1896, ua hahai aku la ma ka hopu a me ka expulsion mai kekahi Kulanui.

Member o "Mesame-dashi"

E like me ka pā hale, i hoouna mai ai i kona poe kanaka Georgia Lado Ketskhoveli. Eia naʻe, hele mai la ia ma lalo o ka hoʻomalu o ke kānāwai mākaʻi. Akā, i kēia i i ole hoʻokahuli aupuni hoʻomaka ' "Mesame-dashi" - o ka mua Social-kemokalaka hui i loko o ka South Caucasus. Ka mea, ua mālama 'Ketskhoveli typography. It Lado hookupaaia ka clandestine hookuu o ke kai eʻe mau mea, e pono e lawe mai propaganda iwaena o na hana o Tiflis.

Hoʻokahuli aupuni lilo i connoisseur o ka hoʻopuka puke. Ma September 1901 ka mea, ua ai me Iosepa Dzhugashvili (Stalin wā e hiki mai) hoʻokumu i ka hou Nupepa "Brdzola" (i loko o Keokia - "E paio aku i"). Ka puke i paʻiʻia ma ka Baku. Kēia pepa ho i ka manao o ka Marxist hapa i loko o ka "Mesame-dashi", e manaoio mai ia mea pono e hoʻohana hoʻokahuli aupuni ano (loa hilinaʻi ma ka kemokalaka hana, a heʻano o me ke aupuni) no ka Hekikai o socialism.

i Baku

Me ka Hekikai o ka RSDLP wiwoʻole hoʻokahuli aupuni Lado Ketshoveli, a me kona hea ka hoa i komo i loko o kēia hou'ōhui. I ka 1901, ka Social Democrat ma ka aoao o ka hui i kukuluia ka oihana ma ka Baku, a hele koke akula i ka noonoo ana o ka Tsarist malu makai. I ka mea nui, mai ka wahi o ka Hawaii o ka hanalima kulanakauhale Party a hemo kaʻeleu kai eʻe i waena o ka aila poe hana a me ka Railroad hana. Kuleana no keia nui mea ua Lado Ketskhoveli. Hoʻokahuli aupuni hana mau, e hana hou pai ana (a me ka "Nina" kaulana) a me ka puka nupepa.

Oiai ma ka Baku, Ketskhoveli hookupaaia hui 'ana me Lenin, e noho ana i loko o ke pio. Nā revolutionaries loaʻa kekahi mau 'ōlelo. I ka hopena o ko lākou laulima i ka puke o ka Bolshevik "hunaahi" i loko o ka paʻi palapala Lado. Ke keena o ka Nupepa i māhele i na kulanakauhale he nui o ka South Caucasus. I ka Ia manawa Ketskhoveli hoʻokumu halihali o ka papa ia mea, mai kahi'ē, ma o ka Peresia mau kihi.

Malu ke ola o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni

Like a pau Lūkini revolutionaries Ketskhoveli ola ana, ka malama ana i ka lehulehu conspiratorial rula. I ka Baku, ia ia i ka palapala holo'āina'ē i loko o ka inoa Nikolaya Melikova. Ma hope o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni i pakele mai ka makai hoʻomakākiu, hoomaka ae la i hoʻohālua ai ia ia. Tiflis gendarmes ike ana oia i peʻe ana ma Baku, akā, hiki i loaʻa kona mau wahi. A kŘpa a lōʻihi manawa 'ino ai kahu ai, e hele unnoticed.

Typography Ketskhoveli noho ma ka 'aoʻao kālā. Baku aeea lako ia me nā mea a pau i ka mea pono. Ke kookoo ma ka mea, he mau hoʻokahuli aupuni proletarians hope me na typesetters. I mea e systematically kuai i ka HW, pepa, a me ka nui lako, e like me ke kānāwai, ka mea, ua pono e loaa ae mai ke kiaaina. Ketskhoveli forged i kēia palapala a ka 'elele i loaa i ka loa pono. I ka Ia manawa ka pepa wahahee Ua kakauinoa ia ma ka aoao o Elisavetpol,ʻaʻole Baku kia'āina.

Hopu a me ka make

I ka Akuma ka 1902 i ka Social Democrat, i hopu. Tiflis gendarmes loaa ka Anonymous denunciation, a kokua ia lakou, e ike i ka palekana ulana pukapuka, a me ka hopu Ketskhoveli. Ua hoouna ia Metekhi pakaua i ka pio. Oiai i loko o ka hale paʻahao, i ka paahao hoole no ke kōkua 'ana me ka hoʻokolokolo' ana. No hoi, ma ke keʻena Ketskhoveli hana mau tireless hoʻokahuli aupuni hana. He hoʻoili i ka 'olohani, i mea i komo i loko o ka laka mahele.

August 30, 1903 kekahi o na kiai o ka hale paʻahao i kī pū i loko o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni pahupaʻiwikiō puka aniani. I ka pōkā ku pono i Lado Ketskhoveli. Kawaihae Social Democrat, ka mea i make i loko o ka hale paʻahao i loko o ka Soviet au i kekahi o na ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka manao pono, a me ke koa o ka poʻe kaua e kū'ē i ka imperial mana.