Lūkini sociologists - mea pani mōʻaukala upheavals a kulana kalaiaina

E like me ka nui holomua aina ma Europe, o ka hooulu ana o ka sociology like me ka 'epekema ma Rusia, i lilo ai i loko o ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia. Kēia hahau He He lala i Haʻawina i nā kānāwai o ka functioning o ke kaiāulu a me kona 'ole. Eia naʻe, kona ulu ana i loko o ko mākou'āina i ou wahi lihi iki o ka nānā 'mōʻaukala upheavals a kulana pili aupuni i kekahi manawa.

Mālama '-hoʻokahuli aupuni manawa

Ka mua Lūkini sociologists mea i ka mea i nui i hooeueuia lakou e na manao o Westernʻepekema. Mua o Auguste Comte, Georga Zimmelya a me Emilya Dyurkgeyma. Naʻe, i loko o ka wahi lulu 'ia, i kēia' epekema ua lilo i ka loa kūikawā külana. Ma ka kūloko lepo kona papa kuhikuhiE pilikia i ke aupuni manaʻo.

Ua i laila, ua Lūkini sociologists i hana na mea he nui o ka fateful no ka aina (a me kekahi mea kaulana, a hiki i keia la) manaʻo: Slavophilism, Westernism, a no laila, ma luna o. A laila, i ka muli o nā poʻe i kākoʻo i kēia mau manaʻo, i ho'ākāka 'ia i ka sociological manaʻo i loko o ka'āina i loko o ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia. Slavophiles ua hoomaopopoia i ka mōʻaukala olelo i loko o Rusia i hanaʻaneʻi he ihola ia me nā nohona meaola, mai keia wahi aku i ka pono no ka hou kuokoa ana, a me ka rejection o nā manaʻo o ka mea Europa ala, a hoi hou no laila, mai ka hoʻohui '. Lūkini sociologists Westernising e hoʻolaha manao Rusia 'ano he māhele o ka hoʻomaopopo like' Eulopa noho maikai ana, a kāhea akula i ka hookaawale ana o ka lakou mau loina, e like me ka mea māmā hoʻohui 'i loko o ka Europa ohana.

Ma ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia, a ma ka hoʻomaka o ka XX kenekulia Lūkini scientific manaʻo i kaʻoi papa o ka subjectivism. Ma ka Lūkini ike maopopo ia ao komo ai i ka hiki ana o ka kanaka me ka nui loa pili i ka holo ana o ka moolelo ma luna o lākou iho, ka nānā 'ana i nā Pahuhopu kanawai o ka lawelawe a me ka mōʻaukala? Acaeoey. Ka loa kaulana Lūkini sociologists mālama '-hoʻokahuli aupuni wā: N. Danilevsky, Nikolai Chernyshevsky, L. Mechnikov, P. Lavrov a me na mea e ae.

Sociological 'epekema ma ka Soviet Union

Ma ka mea mua kia-hoʻokahuli aupuni makahiki, he ua paa nae ka hala loa o ka hailona o ke ku okoa ana no ka hooulu ana o sociological manaʻo. Ka 'aoʻao Ua hoʻopuni ihola lākou i ka na papa, a me ka paio ana o manao ma luna ana o ka papa e hoʻomōhala i ka moku'āina. Nauka o ke kaiāulu i loko o keia manawa, ka mea, ua ike, a hiki kākoʻo ma mua o ia Lūkini sociologists.

Pela, ma Petrograd, a Yaroslavl kulanui i i hana 'Oihana. I ka 1919, ua hoʻokumu ka Institute o Sociology i loko o ke aupuni, paʻi pili moʻokalaleo. Naʻe, ka mea mamao aku, me ka oi noa-ahakanaka ia a UAIAaIN ma ka Marxist e hoʻokokoke i ke ao o ke kaiāulu.

Ma ka 1930s, sociology 'aʻole mea i loko o ke aupuni o ka hilahila, e lilo ana i ka feria-' epekema no ia. A hou hoao e hoola timidly lawe Lūkini sociologists o ka 20th kenekulia i loko o ka lua o ka hapalua, ka wā i loko o nā 1960s ia i keʻakeʻa kūpono 'hoomau i loko o ka'ōnaehana pili sciences - kālaiʻike a me ka' aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai. Kekahi, 'o ka' epekema o lawelawe? Acaeoey wale loaʻa i loko o nā 1970-1980 ka, a me ka ka kūkuluʻana a me ka hana ku okoa ana. Naʻe, ka mea kālā'opi o ka moku'āina lawe sociology, e like me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe sciences, no ka makahiki, e hele mai i ka standstill.