Leishmaniasis maʻi: symptoms, lapaʻau, kiʻi

I ka subtropics a koaʻe ke hana e loaʻa leishmaniasis maʻi. I ka maʻi ua pū i hiki i kānaka ma mosquitoʻaki. Ke causative Agena o ka maʻi - protozoa o ka genus Leishmania. Kēia pathology ua kakau i loko o 88'āina, o ka i 72 i ulu'āina.

pōkole hōʻikeʻano o ka

Ola a me ka hoʻomōhala o Leishmania i kānaka a me kekahi mau holoholona. Muli o kona kulana pinepine e loaʻa ka mea, i loko o nāʻalopeke,'īlio, ilio, kekahi rodents. Hiki i keia la, aole he 'ike e pili ana i ka wā o ka infectiousness o nā holoholona a me nā kānaka. Ua ua ikeia kekahi wale. Inā kaʻili paha i loko o ke koko i ka parasite, i ka poʻe kaua o ke kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai.

Loa pilikia maluhia iho la i loko o Leishmania meaola. Lakou noho ana ma ka spleen a me ka akepaʻa. I kekahi manawa parasites noho iho i loko o ka iwi lolo. I kaulana ma luna, e like me ka maʻi - ole wale kanaka hahau. Pinepine loaʻa leishmaniasis ma ka'īlio, Ka Hānai Ā Huhu rodents.

mōʻaukala 'ike

Leishmaniasis Ua loaʻa P. F. Borovskim i ka 1898. Loaa ia parasites ma smears pendinskoy ulcer, ke kauka ho'ākāka 'ia ma mua o lākou. Ia mea ke kumu o ka maʻi ua i kapa leishmaniasis "leishmaniasis". Nui hope, i ka pathogen e e hāʻawi ai i ka pela hana Leishmania genus. A pathology alanui i ua hoʻokumu wale i ka 1921.

I keia manawa, leishmaniasis maʻi - he ke nānā maʻi, i hiki ke hopu wale i loko o ka'āina o nā koaʻe ke, subtropics.

He aha mea he parasite?

More like maʻi mea cutaneous leishmaniasis. Ke causative Agena o ka maʻi - Leishmania. noonoo i ka parasite mea,ʻaʻole e hiki i ka maka kapa ole. Kona Ana i microscopically uuku. Leishmania lōʻihi - ma kahi o 3 microns. Ke parasite i ka spherical paha ka'ololaha kinona, ua aia ma ka waenakonu o kona Kora naʻEsau. Ka mea mua loa maupaʻa he Leishmania flagellum mea he hope blefaroplast.

Parasite i hanai ma luna o kahi o ka holoholona keena, kanaka. Hoonui ma ka mea mahele. Ma ka mea mua loa ka mea, aohe flagellum. Ke'ī mai hoʻomaka i ke kaʻina o nā'ōlelo, i nā hualoaʻa ma ka mea hoʻohaumia o ke kino.

mau alahele

I ka maʻi ua hoopuni hala. Ke noaia He mea nui iho la ia. Nā mea kolo nahu o ka iho mailoko o kanaka a me ka holoholona parasites e lawe aku i loko o ke ola i ke meaola. Ma hope o ka manawa i ka hoʻomanawanui diagnosed me ka maʻi leishmaniasis.

Pathogens i mau kakini? Ueo. About he iwakalua o ia ho oweliweli i ka hoʻoweliweli 'ana i kanaka ola. Loa pinepine, ka mea, i cutaneous leishmaniasis. Ua complicates lapaʻau o ka maʻi i parasites i loa insensitive i antibiotic Inc.

Makika nō nā moku halihali mokulele o ka maʻi. Ma hope o ka nahu ia e ka iho mailoko o kanaka mailoko o nā mea kolo. A ma hope o ka hebedoma, ua ho i kekahi kumu o ka maʻi. Mau koko-keikihipa omo nā mea kolo iho mailoko o ka hoʻomanawanui mea cutaneous ano o ka maʻi. Ke kanaka kino ke paka nā mea'aʻaʻa. Once loaa mai ia i ke kinona o ka hoʻomanawanui i ka ikaika e hoʻonele i ka maʻi.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis maʻi mea hiki ia e ho'īli ole ma ke koko o nā makika wale. Ke insect hiki e iho mailoko o ulcer hookuuia.

maʻi Mea Maluna

Aia i ekolu ke ano o ka maʻi.

1. Leishmaniasisʻili. Ka maʻi hoike aku hohonuʻekeʻeke o ka olelo o papules.
2. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. No ka mea, he maʻi wehewehe aku ma ulcers o ka waha, ihu a me ka puʻu.
3. Visceral leishmaniasis. Kēia palapala Ua diagnosed ka wā Leishmania komo na ipu lymph. No ka mea, hohola i ke kahe o ka wai ma ke kino. Ka mea, e loli ai i ka mea maloko nā loko. Heʻano nui ka spleen, maʻiʻaʻai, naau, ake. Kēia palapala i ka hiki e hana i loko o ka hope'ōnaehana paleʻea pathology.

Photo maopopo hōʻike leishmaniasis maʻi ke aupuni 'ia ma lalo nei. Ua makana cutaneous maʻi.

Kaʻana pathology, ke kaumaha ma muli oia no ka? Aieeeua a me ka kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai. Penei, cutaneous leishmaniasis, a me visceral hiki e ana o nā 'ano apau loa.

• anthroponotic - he kumu o ka maʻi o ke kanaka;
• zoonotic - ka causative Agena o ka maʻi ua hoolilo mai o na holoholona.

Symptoms o visceral palapala

Ua characterizes kēiaʻano o ka lōʻihi incubation au. Mai ka maʻiʻaʻai mua o ka hoouka kaua ana o ka hoailona mua o ka maʻi i lawe mai ka 20 lā i 5 mahina. Ua hoʻomōhala ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o visceral leishmaniasis. Nā symptoms ma ke kakahiaka nui kuʻina like penei:

• Aia ka he mau nawaliwali;
• haikeaʻili;
• ua hoʻemi ikaika loa ka makemake i ai i kona piha kaawale;
• spleen nui mahuahua iki;
• na hiohiona apathy;
• kino mehana (i kā mākou uku o 38 C).

Holomua o ka maʻi ua wehewehe aku ma ka hou o ka hou hiʻona. Nepredprinyatye ka ho'āʻo 'ana e pono leishmaniasis exacerbate. Symptoms i loko o ka hopena i pākuʻi like penei:

1. Me ka nui loa, a mahuahua nui wela (40 ea i kekahi wahi C). Kēia hiʻona i ka wavy külana. Ke hoomanawanui koho 'ē aʻe me ka maʻamau hyperthermia.
2. Cough. Kēia symptom ia lŘlŘ ma lesions o ka ÷ naehana hanu i hoʻomākaukauʻia.
3. Hooakeaia lymph aka wahi. Hōʻike i ka nana. Ka hua malama kokoke i ka loli ana i nā loko.
4. Ka palupalu o ke akepaʻa, spleen i palpation. Ua Ua Ua he nui mahuahua i loko o kēia mau nā loko.

Inā 'oe e e hoʻomaka i ke kaua me ka pathology, mau i ka holomua leishmaniasis. Kanaka me ka nui loa huikau. Ke hoomanawanui i ka kulana hoʻomau e deteriorate:

• ka depletion o ke ahonui;
• spleen i alahula nui;
• ka ili luna ka maloo, loa haikea;
• pinepine pōniuniu;
• hōʻike haanou ana ma na wawae;
• pinepine naʻau contractions;
• maoli he'ōpū ka leo (wai accumulates i loko o ka peritoneal lua);
• he mea diarrhea;
• hoʻopōʻino potency.

Ka hope loa ke kahua Ua wehewehe aku ma ua hoʻemi Muscle kamaʻilio, ke ano o ke kino a pau haanou ana, pale kodnymi poi. E like me ka hopena, i ka hoʻomanawanui make.

I kekahi manawa, diagnosed maʻi maʻi papa. Na hoailona o ka maʻiʻaneʻane, aole. Ua mālama i kēia? aaieou ka wā lulu Leishmania palena iki na nā loko.

Symptoms o ka ili mai

Kēia palapala Ua pinepine kakau ma Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Brazil, Suria, Iran, Peru. Ke incubation au ke mau mai 10 mau lā a hiki i 1.5 mahina.

Ma ke keʻehi mua ma ka ho okumu ana o ka ili i, i mea ano no ka insect nahu. Ma keia wahi, e ho'ōla i hana i ka mai hehe, visually like tubercle. Palpation o ka wahi a nā ola discomfort. Ma hope o kekahi i elua pule ma ka hapa waena o ka tubercle 'ōili mai make'aʻaʻa - necrosis. Kēia wahi i kaʻeleʻele waihoʻoluʻu. Soon ka mea huli i loko o ka ulcer. Mai ka eha oaio kū i ka yellow-ʻulaʻula wai - pus.

Kokoke i ka iniiaiie ulcers hoʻomaka e ala mai kiʻekiʻe bumps. Lālau aʻela ia i ka palapala o ka eha, ka mea, e ho'ōla merge. i hanaʻia e kekahi nui ulcer ma ka ili ili honua.

Regional lymph aka wahi ke hoonui i ka hoomanawanui a me kaʻike, a "leishmaniasis". Cutaneous leishmaniasis ua wehewehe aku ma kahi eha, ka hoola ana i na 2-6 mahina. Naʻe, na scars noho ma wahi ulcers.

Penei, i ke kumu nui symptoms o cutaneous pathologies i:

• hanana o Iegasaduha - leishmania;
• ka make ana o ka ili i ka kahua o ka tubercle;
• hōʻike o;
• 'ōwili ho'ōla, a me ka makaʻu no ho okumu.

Symptomatology mucocutaneous palapala

Kēiaʻano o ka maʻi leishmaniasis i loko o kona hoike ana mai, aole ia i oko mai ka ili maʻi. Ke wale koena unuhi o ka puunaue pathology e pili mucous membranes.

Ua kahea aku i kēia palapala no ka parasite loaʻa i loko o ka New World. Skin a mucousʻili lahilahi pathology initially kohu i holoholona nahu. A laila, e hoʻohana 'ia mucous nā mea maʻi. I kekahi manawa, i ka maʻi deforms ka maka.

Me keia maʻi i ka kēia mau hiʻona e pākuʻi i ka luna symptoms o cutaneous leishmaniasis:

• runny ihu;
• nasal congestion ;
• pilikia moni 'ia;
• nosebleeds;
• erosions a ulcers i loko o ka waha (lehelehe, nui aʻe ana, elelo);
• ulcers ma ka nasal lua.

Kauka maopopo mauʻano o nā complications o keia palapala. Inā pili i ka maʻi haumāna maʻiʻaʻai, i ka hoʻomanawanui i hoʻomōhala pneumonia. Kēiaʻano kaua naehana hiki ona.

ʻike, o ka maʻi

Ma ia mau'āina, kahi a ka maʻi Ua laha, e hoomanawanui i ka poe i kupono i ka lapaʻau symptoms a me ka hopena o na kālailai, ka mea, ua hilahila i ka alo o ka leishmaniasis.

Other nā mea maʻi e pono ai no ka definitiveʻike, e hoʻomaka i ke ao o ka'aʻaʻa ma lalo o ka microscope e huai ae parasites a ho'āʻo ma ke koko e kuhikuhi i nā mea'aʻaʻa. Ike i loko o ka 'inikua ili hoao, i kapaʻia ka hoao ana "ʻeleʻele ili". Oia ke ao nei i hemolele, no laila, ua aneane loa hoʻohana 'ia no kaʻike, o ka maʻi.

Mākou e mai poina i na maʻi hiki i ke kaupaonaʻana poho, ke kuni, māhuahua ma nā loko, ili lesion. Ka hapanui o nā maʻi hiki mimic na symptoms o leishmaniasis. Ua typhoid wela, malaria, Chagas 'maʻi, toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis, syphilis, histoplasmosis. Nolaila, he definitiveʻike, mea hiki wale ma ke kāpaeʻana'ē aʻe pathology.

Inā e manao i kaʻike, o cutaneous leishmaniasis hoʻomaka me ka hoʻokolokolo pono ohi o epidemiological mōʻaukala. Ua huli mai i ka oiaio o ka noho ana o ka hoʻomanawanui i loko o ka wahi i ike maʻi outbreaks.

E ho'āʻo ai e hookoiaʻi kaʻike, ua lawe mai ia penei:

• loiloi 'ʻia ia, mai Iegasaduha a me ulcers;
• koko Ka Ikepili (Romanovsky-Giemsa);
• iwi ka lolo puncture;
• ake biopsy, lymph aka wahi, spleen;
• liluwelo hāpana;
• serological ho'āʻo ma (Elisa, RSK).

therapies

E like me ka olelo mua, antibiotics ineffective ma ka iapaau ana o ka maʻi. Ka mea, e hāʻawi wale i ka kekahi hihia - ina he mea koʻohune maʻiʻaʻai o leishmaniasis pili ana. No ka meaʻokoʻa ano o ka maʻi i like me ko lakou mau ki ina hana like o Hana me ka maʻi. Inā he hoomanawanui ua diagnosed cutaneous leishmaniasis, lapaʻau ua muli ma ka hoʻohana 'o kūloko laau. Visceral palapala pono i ka moʻo o injections.

Maʻi i mea mehana, kūikawā lapaʻau ua aneane e pono ai. Ia maʻi ma hope o kekahi kōā o ka manawa hele kū kaʻawale. Ma keia kaʻawaʻawa loa hopena, mea, aole ia e haʻalele.

Inā he hoomanawanui i ka haahaa nui o ka e hoʻonele, ka mea pono ia pākōlea lapaau. Mai ka maʻi ia lŘlŘ ia mea he pilikia. Ka nele o ka mea e pono 'inikua ana mea fraught me ka nui hopena no ka hoomanawanui, a me kekahi manawa ona.

Maʻi 'ia i loko o ka nui palapala, kŰiaʻoki kino. Iloko o ka hana, ke hoʻomanawanui i ka weheʻana spleen.

Iapaau ana o ka ili mai

kaua epekema hilinaʻi ma ka palapala a me ke kahua o ka pele o ka pathology me leishmaniasis. Lapaau i pū i nā kēia kiʻina hana:

• lāʻau Inc;
• ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau 'ana i kūpono;
• physiotherapy;
• chemotherapy.

ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau iaoia ua hoʻohana 'ia, ina he mea kekahi liʻiliʻi lesion ma ka ili ili honua. Kēia ulcer excised surgically.

No ka pākōlea hana, hiki ke hoʻohana i ke kēia physical Inc 'ana i kūpono.

• ke kāpaeʻana pathology kukuna;
• cryosurgery - he wahi lukuʻia e ka pio o ke anu;
• kŰia lapaʻau - electrocoagulation.

'ano'ē therapies hui me ka lapaʻauʻia antibacterial a me Anati-hoʻoʻino hana.

Lāʻau lapaʻau ua ma muli o ka kēia ai ':

1. "Metronidazole". Ka iapaau ana Ua nō kāu e pili ana i 10 mau lā. Ka lāʻau 'Ua ia,ʻekolu manawa i ka lā perinatally. A hookahi mahele lāʻau - 250 mg.
2. Pentavalent antimony ai '. Pinepine ia mea ai ', "Solyusurmin", "Glyukontim". Ka mea, i hoonoho iho ai me ka ineffectiveness o ka lāʻau "Metronidazole", hoʻohana no 2-3 lā. Mau ai 'o ka lawelaweia Tuamotu a intramuscularly. Ke paipai mahele lāʻau - 400-600 mg o ka lāʻau no ka lā.
3. "Pentamidine." Kēia mea paahana o ka lāʻau o ka i waeia. Ua Ua pili palua i ka pule no ka 2-4 mg / kg.
4. Local antiseptic, disinfectant aila. Ka mea, lubricate ka loli wahi. Mana i loko o ua pathology "Monomitsinovaya", "Gramitsidinovaya", "Rivanolovaya" (1%), "Akrihinovaya" (1%) poni.
5. "Furatsillina". Paipai lotions o keia pāʻoihana.

Lāʻau lapaʻau ua pinepine lawe mai kekahi papa. Ma waena o ia maopopo leʻa waiho aku e lawe i kaʻoluʻolu o ka loihi o kahi o 2-3 pule. Dosages haawi luna - na averages. Ma lapaʻau mau hae i koho ai no kēlā me kēia ahonui pākahi.

Ma na kuʻina mua o ka maʻi antiprotozoal konohiki ( "Solyusurmin", "Glyukontim") i komo 'ana i loko o ka lesion. Oia ka pahu kui ua advantageously lawe mai ana 3-5 lā.

Lapaʻau o visceral palapala

Ma keia palapala o ka pathology koi ka lapaʻauʻia 3 pūʻulu:

1. 'Ano o ka pentavalent antimony. Pinepine i Inc nā "Solyusurmin", "Pentostam", "Neostibazan", "Glyukantim". Ai 'ka lawelaweia ana intramuscularly paha intravenously. Ka laʻau heluna o kēia mau laau lapaau hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka makahiki. I kā mākou papa ninoieo o 20 injections.
2. Onaona diamidino. Kēia ka lapaʻauʻia "Pentamidine", "Stilbamidin". Ia mea e ia i ka luna i oleloia ai 'ineffective kanaka pentavalent antimony. Ka hoomanawanui, e pono e hele 3 papa. Ma waena o a aia no he wanaao ae o 10 mau lā.
3. "Amphotericin B". About keia ka lapaʻauʻia ia mea, ina o ka ai 'a pau i hoike ia ma luna mai,ʻaʻole i ka mea i makemake pākōlea hopena. Duration o Inc i e pili ana i 8 pule.

Ka iapaau ana e komo.

• Antibacterial ai ': "methacycline", "Rifampicin";
• antifungal konohiki, "Ketoconazole";
• antimicrobial ai ', "furazolidone".

ethnoscience

Hiki ke lilo ka hoʻokō 'ana i kūpono i hoʻohanaʻia kuʻuna healers e hoʻopau maʻi. Pono e hoomanao i hiki ole ia ano e puku i ka Inc i hoakaka ia ma ke kauka wā maʻi "cutaneous leishmaniasis". Iapaau ana o ke kanaka laau, e hana i nā ki ina hana like e hakakä maʻi.

Ka wā cutaneous ano o ka maʻi ua paipaiʻia:

1. Ka hoʻohana a tonics. He pono ia e ka tincture o Aralia, Pake Magnolia kumu waina, ginseng, Eleutherococcus, lewisia. Ka mea e akakaʻi ka hoʻohuiʻana pale aku ia lakou o ka mea a pau meaola, he hoʻonui i ka nohona ma? Ienoai. He kupono e hana i kekahi o na lapaʻauʻia palua ia i ka lā no ka 30 kulu.
2. Hawaiian Piʻihonua. He loa kōkua maikaʻi no nā mea maʻi e hoopau kea mai carrots, uwala, cabbage.
3. Decoctions, infusions i mai busela. Lāʻau lapaʻau kī currant lau, rosehip hua, honeysuckle.
4. Compresses ma ka bumps. Kēia papa hana ua hoʻohana 'ia wale nō ka wā o ka maʻi heheʻe, i hōʻikeʻia mai. No ka compresses ka hoʻohana kia kai, waiho ihola tansy pua, wilou wauke.
5. Oleoresin tidara laau - spruce, kaa, tidara. Ma ka palapala o pellets e e kau ma luna o ka loli ana o wahi, a hoopaa i ka lole wili.

E ho ohana i kēia mau kiʻina hana, eʻoiaʻiʻo, e kukakuka pu me kou kauka. Kekahi mau hana nā contraindications a me kahi o ka hoola ana i lawe mai kaʻawaʻawa loa hopena.

Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi

Ke kumu o ana, e pale aku i ka maʻi mea e hoʻopau kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai - rodents a me nā makika - i loko o nā wahi likeʻole o kā lākou'ōlelo.

I ka hua o nā wahi noho ma rodents, hua mai la i loko o ka kahahńnai o 15 ei, mai ke kūlanakauhale i loko o ka a Kāohiʻana. Kēia mamao hoʻopili like i ka mamao makika huakaʻi.

E pale aku i ka laha o ka ili maʻi, e pono e pale aku i ka? Aneii o noho holoholona. Style E mau e ikea ai no ka maʻiʻaʻai.

Systemic Kāohi ana ioiinyony:

1. Beautification o ka hale noho kulekele. He mea pono e hoʻopau i ka? Aneii kahua o nā makika a me nāʻiole.
2. ? Aeiiaiaiaaia e hoʻopau i ka ke kīloiʻana.
3. Pale waikahe hale ilalo.
4. 'Eleu? Aiiio a pau ducts.
5. Mau e halihaliia oia iwaho kāohi disinfestation a me ka noho hale ilalo.

Hoʻopale ai i ka hale, mai makika ae anuanu mosquito upena. Eia hou, ka mea, ua? Aeiiaiaoaony e hoʻohana repellents. Oia na mea i kūpono, e pale leishmaniasis maʻi.

Kāohiʻana ma ka kipa wahi i mea pilikia, ma muli o ka mea i ho'ākāka ''ōnaehana paleʻea Inc. Eia naʻe, i ka lā i kaʻikena laʻau koʻokoʻo i ole, ua hoʻomohala ku e ka maʻi.

ka hopena

Ma ka hapanui o na hihia i ka prognosis e maikaʻi maʻi. Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i cutaneous leishmaniasis, ia mea kākaʻikahi ona. 'Oiai, pinepine lau ma hope o ka maʻi scars. I ka wa e kaawale aku o ka pono lapaʻau o visceral palapala Ua kokoke manawa ona ma muli o ka loa malnutrition a me ka hui ole. Ua hiki ke käpae ', akā, wale i ka' eleu hoʻomaka o ka paio a me ka meaʻawaʻawa loa pathology ma lalo o ka hooponopono ana o ke akamai kauka.