Lubricants a me ka hanalima fluids

E lawe mai i ka maomeka a me ka mana o ka hana machines hoʻohana lubricants a me oaoieei ke kinowai. Ka mea, i pono a me ka hoʻokōʻana o ka hana ana i na lako a pan.

Kind o lubricants

I ka hana, o ka neʻeʻana o nā maomeka ia lŘlŘ ka hoʻomaopopoʻana surfaces a me kā lākou mea hōʻemi me ka wela, mai kū'ē. I ka ho'ēmi i kona mea pōhaku, a ua hoʻohana kemikala lubricants.

Lubricants a me ka hanalima fluids no ka hapanui loa e like me ke kumu no nā huahana loaʻa:

• Distillate - holo distillation o ka wahie aila (malamalama hapa);
• koena - distillation o ka hohono loaa.

Kekahi a ua hoomakaukauia kekahi 'ano o ka mea pōhaku aila ma ka hoʻohuihui ka distillate a me ka koena eiiiiiaiou ma kekahi ka lākiō. A ohui ia mea mea hoʻonui.

Kemikala mea kāhinu, hua mai la ia e hoʻololi kemikala o kekahi hydrocarbons me ka hou ana improvers ke hoʻohana ana.

Kind o Lubricants

• Hawaii;
• EYI;
• neaa;
• greases.

Mea hoʻonui i lubricants

Olelo no ka mea kāhinu, ke hoʻohana ma lalo o kekahi rula, mau e ke puakai. XIX.? Iaeoii i mea e hiki ke maopopo i ka mea waiwai i hiki wale ke hana ma ka hou o ka mea hoʻonui i ka mea kāhinu, a me oaoieei fluids. Lākou huina mea, mai hapa iki o ka pakeneka i 15%, a ma luna.

Ano o ka mea hoʻonui.

• Single kuleana pili i - hoomaopopo ana i kekahi o ka waiwai: Anati-Wear, lōʻihi puʻe, (viscosity), antioxidant, kū'ē hoemi, antifoam, depressor, detergent-dispersant, a pela aku;.
• Multifunctional - kiʻekiʻe pīlali i huiʻia e hui kūkāʻaila kekahi mau hana ana ano;
• mea hoʻonui pūʻolo helu a me nā mele - i hui a chemically nā mea hoʻonui i ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka waiwai, a hana i kekahi mea e like ai hou (mai ka 15 eiiiiiaiou).

Nā waiwai o ka mea kāhinu, a me fluids

No huahana e like me oil, e hana ana i loli, a GOST hoakaka i ka lākou o okoa kiko'î wā kūpono no kā lākou palapala noi.

1. Lubricity - he huihui 'ana o Anati-kū'ē, Anati-Wear a me ka lōʻihi puʻe ka waiwai. I ka papa kuhikuhiE aiao o ka (viscosity), i characterizes ke kahe ia'ku ma waena o ke kinowai papa (hōʻeuʻeu (viscosity), Pa ∙ mau). Kekahi ano o ka kinematic (viscosity), nānā 'ana i ka mämä holo o ka wai a outflow ma ka umekaumaha ma ke capillary viscometer. Ua Ua ana i loko o ka m ² / s. No ka mea kāhinu, oi nui kaukaʻi o ka (viscosity) ma ana wela. Ua Ua oaeuiinoe ma ka (viscosity) Index.
2. Thermal kumupaʻa - he anakahi o antioxidant waiwai o ka aila, wehewehe aku ma kekahi manawa hou 'ana o ka lahilahi aila ho film i loko o ka lacquer ho film. Ke kiekie ae ia mea, o ka mea kiekie oia ka mea e like ai huahana. Ka'okesaside kaʻina hoʻomaka ka wā enaena i 50-60 ° ^C. ka nui me ka nui loa, piʻi pū e hoʻomaka ana mai ^{ma kahi o} 250 C. ka pouli ka aila a me ka hoʻololi 'ana i kona physico-Nine Inch waiwai.
3. Detergent-dispersant waiwai o ka engine aila Hōʻike 'kona hiki, e emi i ke kahua o sediments a me kalapona hoʻokomo kālā i loko o ka engine a me ka malama ana haumia ea nā huahana ma mai paha.
4. Anticorrosive waiwai o ka mea kāhinu, i ke kiʻekiʻe o deteriorated ma ka hoʻomāhuahua o Wear'ōpala. Corrosivity ua oaeuiinoe eʻakika waiwai, e hoʻoholo i ka helu o mg KOH koi e neutralize i kaʻakika i loko o 1 g. O ka aila. ʻakika maʻiʻo i kona hana maoli he 3-5 manawa a me ka mea mau i ka noho pilikia loa no lāliʻi. Waiwai o ka mea kāhinu, i houʻia i hoʻolaunaʻia ma mea hoʻonui kuahene aiiay Film ma ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia surfaces aʻakika neutralizing'ākilikai honua ke hooheheeia.

Hawaii mea kāhinu,

Pānaʻi na'ā kiko'ī (hau), o ka oi aku ma ka pono o ka lubrication. No ia hoʻohana Hawaii kaʻaila, i nā waiwai o ka a i wae ua hōʻike hewa no kēlā me kēia lako a pan.

No kekahi manawa lōʻihi no ka mea maloko'ā engine, e hoohana i ka maemae mea pōhaku aila. Hoikehonua, boosted kiko'ī kauoha i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' o ka mea hoʻonui. Advantageously hoʻohana multigrade mea kāhinu, halawai ana i nā koi o ka (viscosity) ma luna o ke akea ana wela huahelu.

No ka nui naehana kupono kalaka nui-synthetics - mea pōhaku wai me ka hou ana o kemikala ke aloha eiiiiiaiou. Kuai ia, e pono e lohe i ka authenticity a me ka pono o ka huahana. Ka hapa nui o ia kaʻana i nā koi o ka aʻo no ke kaa. Eia ka mea, e pono ke ike i ka Manufacturers Meu aila momoku ahi, mai a lakou i pono ai. O ka poe i ole he aʻo i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o A hehi ihola au, e pono e hahai i ko lakou mau alakaʻi.

Mea Maluna o ka Hawaii mea kāhinu,

By Auana Hawaii mea kāhinu, e hoʻolaha i nā pūʻulu no kiko'ī:

• A - neforsirovannom carburetor (mau mea hoʻonui).
• B - maloforsirovannye (3-5% mea hoʻonui).
• B - sredneforsirovannyh (i ka 8% mea hoʻonui).
• F - i aloha hōʻeleu i (8-12% o ka mea hoʻonui).
• D - i aloha hōʻeleu iʻelemakule ukana kakolina diesel kiko'ī (18-25% mea hoʻonui).

By degere o ka Hawaii aila (viscosity) papa, he 7: 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20. ulu multigrade engine mea kāhinu, o ka mea pōhaku kumu ma ka hanaʻia naʻe alo emi MPF mea hoʻonui. Lākou, he 10 papa, kela mea keia mea o ka i ua depicted like me ka hapa, e laʻa me, 4h / 8. Ua hoakaka ia ke numerator o ka (viscosity) papa ma -18 ^{° C,} a me ka denominator - ma ¹⁰⁰ ° C.

Ināʻikeʻia momoku ahi o ka engine aila, e laʻa me M-6 _{pela aku} / 10B _2, ka mea hiki ke deciphered like penei: M - Hawaii 6 _H - (viscosity) papa me ka hanaʻia naʻe mea hoʻonui 10 - (viscosity) i 100 ⁰ C, - sredneforsirovannyh engine 2 - no ka kakolina diesel kiko'ī .

engine aila ka pono ponopono ua i loko o ka lapaʻau 'ana iwaena konu, a pono i kekahi kāki. Ua loaʻa ka maʻalahi ala e nānā: me ka meaʻimi i ke kau i kekahi kulu o kaʻaila ma luna o ka luna o ka pepa. Inā ka mea, ua hoʻomaka koke kahe aku, e waiho ana ma ka ili o kekahi mau momoma koʻikoʻi a hanohano, 'o ia hoʻi ka mea, he mea e like ai huahana.

High ia'ku paka ua characterizes ka poho o ka mea pono keia mau waiwai. Oia hooponopono mea pono no ke kālailaiʻana i ka mea e like ai o ka hou lubricant.

EYI mea kāhinu,

Ka 'ole o ka EYI ka loaʻa o ka EYI a me ka haawi aku, axles, kōmike hoʻokele kapa a me kekahi poe e ae. Lubrication ua koi' ia no ka acee? Iuo oeiia o kona kapa. i hua mai la i kapa mea kāhinu, mai ka mea pōhaku a semisynthetic kumu me ka ooieoeiiaeuiuo mea hoʻonui ka nānā 'ana ma luna o chlorine, phosphorus, luaipele, disulfide, e pili ana i ka aiiay ho film, nahae ka' ikamu mai io ololi. (Viscosity) konohiki komo e mālama i ka manaʻoe kūkulu i ka haawe kiʻekiʻe a me ka wela. Ma anu ino, ka aila (viscosity) e ole ālai ia 'aʻe i nā maomeka, a ua koho' ia ka haku mele ', kūpono (viscosity) inideka.

Oihana kahunapule mea kāhinu,:

• ka ho'ēmiʻana o nā pōʻino ma luna o kū'ē a me ka Wear;
• wela ana mai o ka ihe cii;
• ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka hawewe wahie;
• ole-ʻawahia a me ka 'ole-neoneo.

Ka loa affordable oaoieei-fluids a me greases ka nānā 'ana ma ka mea pōhaku aila. Ka mea, i maikaʻi ano, e pili ana i ka ike loea aiiay Auana.

Kemikala mea kāhinu, i me ka nui loa ma luna ma ka quality, akā, ka mea mau i ka loa pipiʻi huahana. Good waiwai no ka kala mea kalaka nui-synthetics.

Wahi lulu EYI mea kāhinu, hoʻohui pū (viscosity) Papa 4. E like me ka hana ana ano ka mea, e māheleʻia i loko o 5 pūʻulu. I ka omaka ana o kekahi mau mele hoike walaʻauʻana ano, no ka laʻana, TM-5-9 _o - EYI aila Group 5, o ka (viscosity) o ka 9th ka papa hanaʻia naʻe mea hoʻonui. Kumu haole Mea Maluna - SAE 80W-90, ma ka hoailona Hōʻike 80 - (viscosity) papa, W - maʻamau 90 - e like me ka palena iki (viscosity) o ka 14 mm o ² / mau ma 99 ⁰ C.

Fluids no neaa nenoai

I gidromehanizmov nenoai a me actuators no actuating kūikawā oaoieei-ke kinowai i hoʻohana. Mau mea e pono ai:

• pumpability, a he uuku wela kaukaʻi o ka (viscosity);
• kiʻekiʻe ka popopo ia'ku, aʻaʻohe nani a me ka hoʻololi iho o neaa sila;
• kiʻekiʻe lubricity;
• Nine Inch a physical kumupaʻa oiai ka malama ana i ka loiloi mua waiwai no ka manawa lōʻihi ma ka hana;
• i ka wa e kaawale aku o impurities, ka wai a me ka corrosive waiwai i i ka popopo.

Neaa aila nā ma kahi o 20 ano. Ka mea, i hua mai ma ka blendingʻaila kā distillates a me ka mea hoʻonui. Ka loa mau hoʻohana kālī aila AU. Ike aila mg-30, M-2IHP, AMG-10, MGE-10A.

Ke kinowai no dampers a me ka wawahi nenoai

Wawahi iho la oaoieei-fluids mea i hoʻohana 'ia ma neaa nenoai. Mau mea e pono ai:

• haʻahaʻa ke kūpaleʻana wahi;
• he uuku (viscosity);
• maikai lubricity;
• ka popopo e kū'ē'ē mai;
• i detrimental hopena ma laholio wepa.

Ano o ka wawahi fluids.

1. ESC - 60% o Diosekouro ka aila + 40% ethanol.
2. SBR - 50% o Diosekouro ka aila + 50% butyl ka waiʻona.
3. 35% glycerol + 65% ka waiʻona.
4. "Neva" a me ka helu o ka poe liilii, a me ke kapuai-22M - he glycol-ma muli mea hoʻonui.
5. "Tom" - He hui o nā glycols me nā mea kemika o boricʻakika.

Wawahi loli ma oaoieei-o Diosekouro ka muli i ka wela ma lalo -20 ⁰ C. hooolea ana, akā, wale i ka waiʻona i koe ma ka pāʻoihana. Ma keia manao, ka mea i wae ke kaumaha ma muli o ka māhele 'āina. Hope o fluids i loko o nā ka hooilo a me ke kauwela ua kākaʻikahi hana. Loa he makemake ko a pau-wa pono pili wai mele a i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o glycol. Ka maikai o ia mea "Tom", a he maikai ka popopo, a Anati-Wear waiwai.

Hoohikilele pili mea haʻilula keimikala AF-12T a me IHP-10, oia hoi o ka läÿau, o ka mea pōhaku aila me ka haahaa (viscosity) mea pīlali loli a me ka mea hoʻonui.

kōmike fluids

ʻO ka wai anuanu maila ''ōnaehana ua papahana e malama i ke koi' ia ana wela i ka hau? Aaeei. He He paʻa, lawe aku wela mai ka hana maomeka, a hele ia ma ka radiator i ke kaiapuni.

Mua, mana mea kanu ho'ēmi ma ka wai, akā, ka mea i haalele ma muli o ia nīnūnē rapids ke kūpaleʻana a me ka baila aʻela i. A eia hoi, ka mea, ano scum, a me ke kumu o ka metala ka popopo.

I ka wā e hiki mai, oaoieei-fluids loli ma ka haku mele 'ana, akā, na kumu o ke koe o ka wai.

Ka nui loa o ka hana i loaa antifreeze - i ka läÿau, o ka wai me ka glycols a me kekahi mea hoʻonui. Ka mea, i ka i kēia pono.

• haʻahaʻa ke kūpaleʻana wahi;
• hōʻemi iki? anoe? ma luna o ke kūpaleʻana;
• kapuahi eʻoi ma luna o 110 ^{° C;}
• maikai lubricating waiwai.

Antifreeze nānā 'ana i'etolina glycol nike - ia mea make oaoieei-ke kinowai. Lower kaʻawahia i mele nānā 'ana i propylene glycol, akā, me ko lakou waiwai e lilo aku ka nui kiʻekiʻe.

ka hopena

Mea kāhinu, a me oaoieei fluids hoʻolauna i ka makeke ma ke ākea huahelu. Motorist me ka ike o ko lākou mau palapala noi, e kālele ana ma luna o nā mele, me ka paipai olelo ao i ka ua kaʻa momoku ahi. E e uku i ka hooilo au o ka hana mau noonoo. I ka ho'āhu i ke kaʻa ma ka hahana loa aoeaiia caaiea mea he pono no nā kau o ka wai. He nui, e kālele ana ma luna o ka mea e like ai nā hoailona,ʻaʻole ma ka kumukuai. Eia hou, e lawe i ka mooolelo 'ē aʻe, e like me engine ola.