Makamua Greek mathematician a me ka poe akeakamai. Poʻokela Greek mathematician a me kā lākou e piʻi like

Ke kahiko Helene i ka makana nui no ke kūpono 'ana o ka mea kiko'ī sciences: makemakika, kilohōkū, ke kālaikūlohea. Other lāhui kanaka a pau ma ia manawa, he, i kekahi dala o ka ike. Akā, inā e hamama ana na ko Aigupita a me ko Babulona poe maʻiʻo mua, a makaikai i ka wahi, ua hele a hiki loa aku i ka poe Helene. Ka mea, i ole pau ma laila, a wehe i hou lipolipo i loko o kekahi spheres o ke ola.

Greek makemakika

Kēia 'epekema i kekahi o ka mea kahiko a me ka mahaloia. O ka holo ana, no ka Helene ka pilina i ke kūpono 'ana o ka moʻomeheu a me ka hana kemika, ke kūpili a me ka' aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai. Lākou kula o ka manaʻo ua ai nui i hiki i keia la amazes wā māmala'ōlelo e hōʻike ana a me discoveries. Akā, makemakika ia i ka niche i loko o kēia luna 'oihana o ka' epekema ike.

He nui no ka piʻi like i loko o ka mahinaʻai o ka makemakika koi i kēia hui kūkāʻana i i noho ai mahalo a me ka poe Helene. People'ākoakoa ma ka huinahalike, ua kūkākūkāʻia, a pela e hele mai i ka olelo hooholo akau. "Ma ka hoopaapaa hanau oiaio" - keia dogma ua hiki mai ia, mai ia manawa.

Kekahi Greek mathematician a puni pepehi i ka hanohano a me ka mahalo. Loko theorems a me nā papakuhikuhi, ia mea paakiki e maopopo hoonani aku ia ia i ka luna o ka poe noonoo ole pedestal kanaka, i ka poʻe kaua o nā hoomaopopo ana nui. Ka hooulu ana o ka makemakika like me ka 'epekema aie nui i Archimedes, Pythagoras, Euclid a me nā personalities, na hana a me discoveries i lilo i kumu o kēia hōʻailona helu a me ka anahonua nā papa ma nā kula a me nā kulanui.

Pythagoras a me kona kula

Kēia Greek mathematician, poe akeakamai, politician, lehulehu a me ka hoʻomana huahelu. He Ua hanauia mai ka hola i loko o 580 BC ma ka mokupuni o Samo, no laila, e ka poʻe āna i kapaia o Samo. Wahi a ke kaʻao, Pythagoras ua loaʻoluʻolu a me ka maikai ke kanaka. He loa ia maluhiluhi o këia i ka hou, a me ka ike ole ia, ka mea, ua oiaio ka hoʻonaʻauao waiwai. He aʻo i ke kanaka'ōpiopio i ole wale hale akā, i loko o Inia, Aigupita a me Babulona.

Pythagoras, Makamua Greek mathematician a me ka haipule o slaveholders a me ka aristocracy. Idealist i ka Kora naʻEsau, ma Croton, oia hoʻokumu i kona kula iho, a ua ka poe haipule a me ka pili aupuni 'ole. Akaka hui o maʻamau o ke ola, o ka ikaika o na rula a me canons - kona papa kuhikuhiE hiʻona. No ka laʻana, nā lālā o ke kaiāulu hiki ole ona waiwai, hoopili i ke Kanaka MeaʻAi Kanuʻai, a Ho'āʻo ole i ka wehe malihini aʻo o kona kumu.

I ka aupuni a ka lehulehu hoolaha aku i Croton, Pythagoras a me kona mau ukali holo aku la a hiki i Metapontum. Akā, he kaulana uprising wela kona huhū i loko o ke kūlanakauhale. Ma kekahi o na kēia ho'āla kaua 90-makahiki-kahiko mathematician i make. A me ia, oki ia nei a me kona kaulana kula.

puka Pythagoras

Ua ua ike no kekahi i ka mea, ua i kona kilo pili ana i ke ano o ko integers, kā lākou waiwai a me ka huliāmahi. He ua nō hoʻi kekahi o nā kānakaʻepekema mua nana i koi ia o ka Honua mea poepoe, i na hoku a mai ole i ke noi ala me na hoku. Kēia mau manaʻo lilo i kumu no ka mea kaulana heliocentric aʻo o Copernicus. Mai ke ola holoʻokoʻa o ke nä känaka 'epekema i ua hoopuniia oukou e ka pohihihi, a hiki i ua ola,ʻaʻole i ka puu o ka hoihoi' kūʻiʻo e pili ana i kona hanana. Kekahi kanalua no ka ike anaʻo ia i ho'āʻo i ka theorem kaulana. E like me kekahi hoike, aole lakou i ike ia ia, a me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe kahiko lahuikanaka loa ma mua o ka hanau ana o ka makemakika.

Greek poe akeakamai a me ka mathematician, i ka hailona o ka pono, aʻaʻole wale nō i loko o ka sciences. Kona inoa a me ka hana i lāʻau malumalu ma kaʻao a me nā kaʻao, a me ka mysticism. Ua Ua manaoio ia Pythagoras hooponopono iho i uhane me ka underworld maopopo i ka 'ōlelo o nā holoholona, pü ana me ia, e kuhikuhi i ka lele ana o na manu'ākau olelo ia ia, Ua hiki e wńnana i ka wā e hiki mai. Kekahi wahi ia ia voodoo akamai.

Archimedes: ka papa kuhikuhi hana

'O kēia kekahi o na elele loa poʻokela o ke au, ka mea kaulana nä känaka' epekema, poe akeakamai, mathematician a me ka inventor. He Ua hānauʻia i loko o 287 BC ma Syracuse. Ma keia kaona liʻiliʻiʻo ia i noho ai kokoke i kona ola, i kākau laila, i kona kaulana hoonoho, a hoao hou maomeka. Kona makua kāne i kekahi 'aha hoʻokolokolo astronomer Phidias, no laila, Archimedes aʻo i wahi ma waena o nā kulanui. He ua komo i ka mea maikaʻi hale waihona puke o ka manawa, i ka heluhelu keena o ka i hoolilo ia ka lā oi aku kekahi.

Ua Ua ola kekahi mau makemakika hana o ke nä känaka 'epekema. Conventionally, ka mea hiki ke maheleia i loko o ka papa kuhikuhiE pūʻulu ekolu.

1. Hana i laa, ka leo a me ka wahi o ka curvilinear kino a me na kii. Ka mea, iloko o ka puu o ka ai theorems.
2. Geometric Ka Ikepili o hydrostatic, a kūpaʻa pilikia. Ua like no ke koena o nā huahelu, e pili ana i kino kulana i loko o ka wai, a no laila, ma luna o.
3. Other makemakika hana. No ka laʻana, e pili ana i ka calculus o ka mānoanoa o ke one, me mechanical theorem hoakaka ana.

Archimedes i pepehi i ka hopu ana o Syracuse ma ka Roma poe koa. He Ua ai manawa ma ka unuhi ana i ka hou geometrical pilikia, oia i hai i ke koa e hele mai hoʻi. Ke koa pepehi i ke nä känaka 'epekema, i ka ike ana o ka luna i ka mea, e hoola i ke ola o ka mathematician kaulana a me ka poe akeakamai.

Archimedes na makana no ke kūpono 'ana o ka mea kiko'ī sciences

O na keiki i kama'āina i kēia huahelu poʻokela mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe. ʻO wai lā ia, i ke kahiko Helene mathematician, wahi a "Eureka"? Ke pane i keia ninau, ua puni hoʻi - o Archimedes. Wahi a ke kaao, i ke alii ia ia, e loaʻa mai - o gula maikaʻi i kona lei jeweler a hoopunipuni, nāu ia me nā mea hiki ke hooheheeia. Manao ana ma keia pilikia, Archimedes waiho i loko o ka auau piha i ka wai. A laila ka mea haliʻa i loko ona i ka pa'ē loaʻa: i ka nui o ka wai i ua nininiia ma ka lihi o ka pahu, nō ka leo o ka wai hoʻoneʻeʻia o kona kino. A i keia mea i hoʻoholo ', kahea aku la ia a pau i ka hua'ōlelo "Eureka". lele mai o ka bata kahiko Greek mathematician me keia exclamation, a holo aku la ka hale, i loko o ka buff, kekahi pū'ā e palapala i kona loaʻa.

Nō hoʻi, Archimedes, elua tausani makahiki ma mua o ka loaʻa o ka integrals hiki, e hoʻomaulia i ka wahi o ka parabolic Hoʻohana. Ae la oia i ka honua i ka helu "pi", ka hooiaio ana o ka lākiō o ka p ÷ ai anawaena a me ka lōʻihi o ke anapuni mea mau no ka ia no kekahi mea geometric kinona. He hana mai i ka ai-kapaia Archimedes 'hoʻohewa - ka prototype o kēia mokulele a me ka moku propellers. I waena o kona poʻe e piʻi like e hoolei ana a me ka hookiekie ana machines. Ka ike ole ia o ka hanaia ana o kona "mea hō'ā ahi aniani", ma ka mea o ka i i lukuia ma ka enemi moku, a hiki i kēia manawa, noiʻi i i hōʻike aku i ka lā.

Euclid

Ka hapa nui o kona manawa ia i hana i ka mea hana, hōʻike i nā mea huna o mechanics a me ke kālaikūlohea, oia aʻo kilohōkū. Akā, hapa o kana mau hana nō hoʻolaʻa makemakika: lawe e hoomanao mau hoike a me theorems. Kona na makana no ka hooulu ana i keia 'epekema mea paakiki e overestimate, like Euclid ka hana i ke kumu no nā kānakaʻepekema, ma hope iho ona e noho ana he nui kenekulia.

He aha mea i ka inoa o ka mea kahiko, Helene mathematician mea nāna i kākau i ka luawai-ike makemakika compilation o ka "Start", he 15 mau buke? O ka holo ana, Euclid. He ua hiki ke formulate i ka papa kuhikuhiE manao o ka anahonua, hoao nui theorem e pili ana i ka huina o ka pana pua o ka triangle , a me ka Pythagorean theorem. E like me kona inoa ua pili ia me ke ao ana e pili ana i ka hana a regular polyhedra, i keia la hiki ke mahalo i na keiki mathematician ma ka anahonua haʻawina. Euclid ike i ke ano o ka exhaustion. Ua i aponoia Newton, a Leibniz loaa kekahi ano o ka ho omaulia: integral a me ka palena pau.

Thales

Kēia Greek mathematician hanau a puni 625 BC. No ka lōʻihi manawaʻo ia i noho ai i loko oʻAigupita, a ua pili loa me ka luna o ka aina, ke alii Amasis. Legend i mea e oia hookahi kahaha mai la o Parao, e ana i ke kiekie o ka pyramid wale ma ka nui o kona malu.

Thales ua manaoia ke kupuna o Helene 'epekema, kekahi o ka ehiku poe magoi i hoʻololi i nā kumu o ka ike. Moʻolelo manaʻo i Thales i ka mea mua, e hooiaio i ke kumu theorems o ka anahonua. No ka kumu, i kakauia ma ka semicircle huina mea mau i ka pololei laina, kaiapili anawaena i hookaawale ai i loko o nā māhele like ma na kihi o ka isosceles triangle me ke kaulike, a pau vertical pana pua i'ālike, a pela aku.

Thales loko i ka haʻilula, e like me a triangle mauna e mau ia i ka ia, ina ka mea, e'ālike i kekahi maka, a me nā kihi e pili ana me ia. He aʻo pehea e ho oholo ai ka mamao i ka moku e holo aku ma conditional triangle mauna. Eia hou,ʻo ia i kekahi mau o discoveries ma kilohōkū, ho oholo i ka kiko'ī manawa o na equinoxes a me solstices. Ua mea no hoi ka mua pololei pōpilikia ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ka makahiki.

Eratosthenes

He loa he versatile huahelu. He ua leʻaleʻa o ke ao o ka lewa, Leeuwerikplein discoveries, ? Anoee olelo, 'ōlelo' ana e haʻalele a me ka mōʻaukala hanana. Ma ke kahua o ka hōʻailona helu a me ka anahonua, ka mea, ua hoike mai ia iā mākou me ka Helene mathematician, i ka loaʻa i loko o ka'ōnaehana primes. He hana i ka "kānana o Eratosthenes", he hana hoihoi iaoia, a hiki i keia manawa i ao ia ma na kula. Mahalo iā ia, e hiki kanana oia ma na primes o ka huina helu. Nā oeeo mea i expunged, e like me ka mea i kēia lā, a ua houia ma ka huina huahelu. Nolaila i ka inoa - "kānana".

Eratosthenes ua hiki ke kū kaʻawale ieoaeunoai mezolyaby - he mea no nā pāʻoihana ma muli o nā kānāwai o nā mechanics Delian pilikia e pili ana i ka a pāpālua hoʻi kupa. He ua hiki ia mua ana i ka Honua. Ua manaoia i ka lōʻihi o ka honua Melekiana, oia ho oholo i ke anapuni o ka Honua - 39 tausani 960 kilomika. Hewa wale kekahi nīnūnē 300 kilomika. Eratosthenes maoli poʻokela huahelu o ka manawa, me kona poe e piʻi like makemakika hiki ole nei i loko o kona mau ano.

Geron

Kēia Greek mathematician noho i loko o ka mua kenekulia BC. ʻIkepili He kokekau wale, e like me ka mea kiko'ī maopopo e pili ana i kona ola i hele mai ai i ko makou mau lā loa uuku. Ua ua ike ia aredea ua leʻaleʻa o na kanawai o ke kālaikūlohea, mechanics, kuaiia e piʻi like ana o ka hana 'enekinia' epekema. Ua i ka mea nana i hana i ka mua 'akomi puka, he puppet keaka, he mīkini peahi uila holo hou aku i, kahiko "taximeter" - He mea no ana i ke alanui, pakiko-kauoha aku la i mau pū, a me ka crossbow.

A hailona o kana hana i hoolilo i ka a me ka makemakika. He lawe hou geometric nā papakuhikuhi, 'epekema no ka helu ana geometric kinona. Geron i hana i ka pono-ike haʻilula, kapaʻia ma hope ona, me ka i oe e hoʻomaulia i ka wahi o ka triangle ia oe i ka lōʻihi o kona aoao. Ma hope o ia i haʻalele i ka hailonaʻana o nā puke lima-kākau i loko o i ole wale i kana hana, akā, i haʻawina no nā kānakaʻepekema i ua hōʻike. A me keia mea i kona nui kānaka apau i mākaukau. Ma kēia mau mooolelo, ua ike makou i keia la e pili ana i Archimedes, Pythagoras a me nā kaulana mathematicians, ua lilo hōʻailona o ke au hou a me ka hoonani aku la i kahiko Greece no ka mea holoʻokoʻa kahiko honua.