Mea Maluna o ka pūʻulu o soils

Kaʻilikai o ka pōhaku, a ua waiho kokoke ana, i kapaia o "primer". Kona waiwai i 'ana e kaukaʻi ma kela mawaho ololi i hiki i Nine Inch a me physical ka'aʻaiawā, luku o ka lewa, wai ka'aʻaiawāʻana, e like me ka mahana loli. Ka lālā luna loa o ka lepo, a mea paha i hou ole o na liluwelo aʻe, kapa lepo. Ole o ka aina i ke kūkuluʻia o nā hale a me nā alanui, he nui loa. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ano a me ka waiwai o ka mea okoa kumupaʻa a me ka mea paʻa o ka' ike loea hou honua uhi a me ka? Ieoaeunoai mea i manao ai.

By degere o ka make ana o ka honua, a me ka pōhaku integuments, hoomaopopo i ka papa kuhikuhiE kēia hui o soils:

1. Neskalnye.

2. Rock.

Ka mua hui, ma ka huli, ua maheleia i mau hui e like me ka degere o ka fragmentation: lohi loa, lepo a me ka one soils.

Lohi hui lepo maupaʻa i ka läÿau, o MAKAHIKI MDCCCXVI NU huna nui nui ma mua o 2 mm o, a me kā lākou like ana o ka oi ma mua o 50% ma ke kaupaonaʻana. Sandy soils mea i ka läÿau, he maloo bulk particulate huina nui aʻole i lawa ductility.

Clay soils pūʻulu e trenching poi,ʻaʻoleʻoi mai ana i ka wai a hiki e monolithic a maloo lumpy ana, akā, ea i loko o ka pulu loa ke ano. pono e ka maʻiʻo o argillaceous pōhaku ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 3% o ka nui o ke kaumaha.

Rock pūʻulu soils e māheleʻia i loko o metamorphic, igneous a me ka sedimentary. Ka mea, i kaʻoʻoleʻa lawa ka pilina ma waena o ka mōhaiʻai läÿau, a me ka mea pōhaku (particles), a i moe i loko o ka Hi ohia, ahu iho ai ana kaua.

Igneous aha pöhaku i ka lua pele ka molekumu o a me kona mau Mea Maluna: effusive, no ka laʻana, diabase a me kaʻalā, a ma-ka hohonu, e like me syenite a me ka māpala.

Ho i metamorphic pōhaku i i paku ole ia i kiʻekiʻe ana wela a me ka puʻe, no kekahi laʻana, kinikini, quartzite paha gneiss. Kēia mau mea i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika.

I ka ho okumu ana o ka sedimentary soils pūʻulu ua ukuia i hoʻokomo kālā o (particles) mai ke alakaʻi slurry i a laila ua hoohuliia i loko o ka monolithic, ahu iho. Ka mea, eia kekahi i ka hopena o Nine Inch uahi palapala moʻopane, a me keʻano o ke aloha keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Like me ikea marl, dolomite, gypsum, limestone a me ka peat.

sedimentation kumu, kena ae la hou Mea Maluna i loko o aeolian, wai-mauʻaʻei moraine, muliwai a me ke kai.

Clastic pōhaku hoʻohui pū mau subgroups, a i hookaawale ia e ke 'ano o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ma waena o na (particles) i loko o ka pili (lepo) a me ka disconnected (one a me ka iliili).

Ka waiwai o kēlā me kēia pae o ka lepo hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka helehelena o ka pohaku, akā, ka mea, e ĸokoĸa ana nä pane nunui i loko o Nine Inch a me ka mineralogical haku mele 'ana, ke ano maoli o ka pili ana, i ke kinona a me ka huna nui.

Pela, ke primer mea he liʻiliʻi iā multiphase'ōnaehana, i kona ku pono, ka mea, he ekolu kūlana: ka mea pōhaku eiiiiiaiou o ka pohaku, ka wai a me ka makani.