Mechanical stress kino - ka wehewehena a me ka haʻilula ka waiwai o ka puaʻa hiwa

Ma ka naoh o ka puaʻa hiwa me ka okoa? Aneie aʻe, loli ke ala mai - nā maloko, a mawaho. Kekahi laʻana o ka ke kanana nei hōʻike 'ia ma ke kino Kalaiaina. Ua hoʻoholo i ka degere o ka hiki hou ma ka hihia o ke poho.

XIX. Manaÿo i loko o ke kālaikūlohea

Mechanical stress - he ana o ka ikaika kipi o ka mea, a ia lŘlŘ ma lalo o ka aoao o ka likeʻole aʻe. No ka laʻana, ka wā i deformation manawa a ka mea mawaho koa e imi e hoʻololi i ka hoahanau kulana o na (particles), a me ka na - keakea mai i kēia kaʻina, ke kaupalenaʻana ka mea, i kekahi waiwai. Pela, ua hiki ke olelo ia me mechanical stress - ia mea he pololei no o stress ma luna o ke kino.

Elua papa kuhikuhiE ano o ka stress hiki ke hōʻike ':

1. Normal - ua pili i ka pa alima kahi o ka laau kea maluna pauku maʻamau iā ia.
2. Tangent - ua pili i ka pale pauku ma ka tangent ia ia.

Ke totality o kēia mau aʻo nui e hana ma kekahi wahi, i kapaʻia ka stress moku'āina ma keia wahi.

Ana i loko o pascals (Pa) ke kanana nei: i ka ho omaulia haʻilula ua poe lalo

Q = F / S,

Where Q -Mechanical stress (Pa), F - ikaika ua loaʻa ma ka deformation i loko o ke kino (H), S - wahi (mm).

Mall o ka puaʻa hiwa

Puaʻa hiwa, e like a pau e ae, iloko o nā'ātoma, akā, e loaʻa he 'ole loa ikaika i aneane undergoes deformation, a laila ka leo a me ka shape koe a eia i. Ia mau mea i ka helu o ke kūlana waiwai e hiki ke maheleia i mau nui pūʻulu:

1. Helu.
2. Nine.

No kanaka nā ka mea kēia:

1. Mechanical - hoʻopaʻa haʻawina iā lākou i ka like 'ole ma ke kino. resilience hiki e wahi ana i kēia mau waiwai, i ka fragility, ikaika, 'o ia hoʻi, a pau i ua pili i ka hiki deformation, kena ae la ia e mawaho aʻe, e pale aku.
2. Wela - e noiʻi i ka aoao o okoa mahana ma luna o ka mea. O nā ke anoe ma ka hahana maoli nō kēia, thermal conductivity, wela nona iho.
3. Uila - kēia mau waiwai i pili i ka huina'ine noi i loko o ke kino a me kona hiki, e hoakoakoa ia i loko o kekahi kauoha kahawai o ka wā malalo i mawaho aʻe. Laʻana - pila nui conductivity.
4. 'ōnohi - aʻo me ka hoʻohana 'malamalama fluxes. I kŰia mau mea nā mālamalama noʻonoʻo, omo o ka malamalama diffraction.
5. ʻume mākenēki - hoʻoholo ma ke alo o kaʻume mākenēki minute i loko o ka paa kino eiiiiiaiou. No ka ia, e like me ka pono me ka uila, a pane negatively kauoha (particles) aie ai i kona 'ole a me kekahi mau ka neʻe' ana.

Ke Nine Inch waiwai nā mea a pau e pili ana i ka naoh e pono ai kūpono 'ona a me keʻano o ka hanaʻana i hana i keia. Laʻana -'okesaside hoʻololi iho. Ka 'ole o ke aniani puka olu oia i pili i kēia mau mea waiwai.

Ua mea no hoi e hiki ke kālā līkaia no ka uuku pūʻulu o physicochemical waiwai. Kēia nā poʻe mea i hoikeia nā loko o ka me mechanical, a ma ka Nine Inch waiū. Laʻana -'ā, oiai i nā loli ana i nā 'ano mau luna.