Mōʻaukala o Economic manaʻo

I ka moolelo o ka waiwai 'epekema no ka hala loa o ka lōʻihi a me ka waiwai. People i mau hoihoi i loko o ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana i 'ole kahiko o ka'āina aloha ia i ko lakou pomaikai.

Ke kumuhana o ka mōʻaukala o oicyenoaaiiie ana lakou i ke kuʻina o ke kahua o ka hoʻokele waiwai, kona nui-manawa Hoʻohana kūpono 'ana a me ka loli. Ua hoi nana i au mamuli o ka papa kuhikuhi o oicyenoaaiiie manaʻo Hoʻohaku i loko o ka ua manawa.

Eia naʻe, i kēia 'atikala hiki ole kupono i ka holoʻokoʻa mōʻaukala o oicyenoaaiiie manaʻo. He mea hiki wale i ka hōʻike i nā kuʻina kī o ke ana o nā kula a me nā styles, mai ka wa kahiko a hiki i ka pau ana o ka 19th kenekulia.

Mōʻaukala o oicyenoaaiiie ana hoʻomaka me Aristotle a me Plato hoao mai ana e somehow systematize i ka 'ike iʻike iā ia i loko o kēia wahi. Oi loa aku hoi i ka waiwai nui na makana i e Aristotle. He kapa mua i ka 'aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai o ka' epekema, aʻo ka aneiai hana, ua ulu ka pähola 'ana o kala, a me ka waiwai e lilo aku o ke dala.

Ke kumu o ka makahiki "hoʻokele waiwai" o makou e malama i Xenophon - kakaolelo a me ka mea kākau, mai kahiko Greece. Ka inoa he o nā hua'ōlelo, a i ka hoʻohui pūʻia waiwai o ke "kanawai o oicyenoaaiiie'ōnaehana."

Mōʻaukala o Economic, manao hoʻohuiʻia me ka mahele o ka hana a me ka launa like i loko o ka ho okumu ana i ka malu o ka hoʻokele waiwai e like me ka a pau ma ka moku'āina. Kēia paipai i ka pono kupu i loko o ka ike o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka aina o like me ka a pau. I ke kakahiaka nui 17th kenekulia A. Montchretien hoolaha ana i ka hoonoho aku i ka hoʻokele waiwai kālai'āina ua hoao aku au ia ia i ka papa kuhikuhiE manao o? Iecaianoaaiiuo mea e kuai, a haawi mai la i ka inoa hope o ka mea opiopio 'epekema. Kēia economist, a me Zhan Batist Kolber, Thomas Maine, I. T. Pososhkov - 'elele o ka mercantilism, mainstream oicyenoaaiiie manaʻo i ka manawa. Ma ka naau o ka lāhui kanaka i ka pomaikai, ka mea, ua ike i ka hoʻomāhuahua o ka mea maikai i eliiaʻi.

I aku ai i ua makahiki, he mea i kekahi wahi o ka hoomaopopo, a expresses ka hahai ana i ke kula o ka Physiocrats. Lakou i manaoio aku i wale i ka hana o ka poe hana e noho ana ma luna o ka honua ke lawe mai i loaʻa ai i ka mamao loa mamua o na koina. A pau nā hana i wale komo i loko o aaioee o kaʻai,ʻaʻole hana i kekahi mea hou.

A, o ka papa, i ka mōʻaukala o oicyenoaaiiie manaʻo mea inconceivable me na Classics o ka 'epekema, e like me Adamu Smith, Jean-Baptiste'ōlelo, David Ricardo. Ma na mea he nui o kēia wā ka mea, i oko ao, akā, he ua no hoi he helu ana o elue i hui ia. No laila, kapa akula lākou i ka moku'āina e ole ālai ia 'aʻe i loko o aneiai keʻano o ka hanaʻana, a nae na kanaka ? Aneiai ku okoa ae e paʻi ka uku ole ia. Kanaka makemake (e like me ke kumuhana kuhikuhi aneiai) e hoonui i kou waiwai pono entails he multiplication o ka waiwai i ke kaiāulu me ka a pau. ʻAdamu Smith kapa i ka pakiko-hoʻomaʻaʻano papa hana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka "ʻike makaʻole lima." It pela Guides na nā hoʻohua a me nā mea kūʻai mai ai i ka malama aneiai equilibrium. Ma ia i ka'ōnaehana hiki ole ola no ka lōʻihi ka nele, hua mai la i ka waiwai loaʻa pākeu ai nele ia e ikeia. Ka hahai o Adamu Smith, a me ka mea i manaoio i ole wale i ka mahiai hana i ka waiwai o nā lāhui kanaka, a me ka luhi, a me na papa.

Ka mea i ke kuai hoʻokele waiwai mea exploitative, i hana i ke ao ana o Karl Marx. Ua Ua nānā 'ana ma luna o ka lilo o ka hana a me ka manaʻo i ka waiwai o na kanaka o ka hana ana o mercenaries. Me ka uku no ka hana o ka maʻamau poe hana, na capitalists e hana nunui ka waiwai, a pela ua polarized ke kaiāulu kanaka, i loko o nā papa, nā waiwai, a me ka poe ilihune. A i loko o ka capitalist'ōnaehana pono ke ano kipi o ka proletariat. Ma ka hana pono, i ka kumumanaʻo o ka German economist i ole, ua hookupaa iho la ia.

Ma ka hopena o 19th kenekulia, Alfred Marshall lilo i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka neoclassical kuhikuhi. He ho'āʻo ai i ka pono o nā hoʻohua a me nā mea kūʻai mai, e hiki kona i kā mākou wale nō ka wā aneiai nā mea hana keaka e e hiki ke paʻi uku ole ia.