Mōʻaukala o Rusia: kuʻina o ke Kanawai War

Ma kēia 'atikala e nana i na kapuai o ke Kanawai Kaua mākou, a me nā kumu a me nā hualoaʻa, e hiki ke aʻo mai' ē aʻe.

Kanawai Kaua ma Rusia i wahi i loko o ke kakahiaka nui 20th kenekulia, ma waena o kekahi pōʻai pūʻulu, i i alai ai e ka Bolsheviks a me kā lākou mau hoa paio. Ke AIM o na aoao elua - e hopu moku'āina mana. A hiki ka mea,ʻaʻohe kona manaʻo ma e pili ana i ka lā o ka outbreak o ke kaua i loko o Rusia. Kekahi mau moʻolelo ke kaila mea i October 1917, oiai kekahi poe - i loko o ka makahiki hou-kauwela '18.

Kuʻina o ke kaua kūloko ma Rusia.

1. Ka mua pae ana o ke kaua kūloko hoomaka ma o Mei, a November o '18 me ke kahua o ioauoa o ka neʻeʻana aku i ka Bolsheviks. Ma February, ma Petrograd (e St. Petersburg) a me Moscow SRs koa o ka Cadets, a me ka Mensheviks i hanaia e "Russian hou Union". Ma March, ua "o ka hoomalu ana o ka Union o ke ku okoa ana a me ka Motherland" alakaʻiʻia B. V. Savinkova. Anti-Bolshevik ana hohola iho la iwaena o na Cossacks. Ma kona hema Urals au alai A. I. Dutov, a me ka Kuban, a Don -'ōewe. PN Krasnov. Ma ka North Caucasus ua hana manawaleʻa Army alakaiia e L. G. Kornilova a me M. V. Alekseeva, ka mea hope i lilo i ke kumu o ka White neʻeʻana. Me ke kākoʻo o ka German? Eia'ōewe i loko o Ukraine. Krasnov.

Mai May 1918 i lawe mai i loko o ke kulekele o laila,-kapaia Lūkini "kaua communism." I Sepatemaba, i ka aina a hemo i ka manao o ka "ula weliweli" a me ka "keʻokeʻo weliweli."

ka Palani poʻe hao wale, kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a me Enelani i pae ma Murmansk Ma March o ka ia makahiki, Kepani lākou poʻe kaua - i loko o Vladivostok, Germany noho ana i ka mokuna o Ukraine, Crimea a me ka hapa o ka North Caucasus. Ma May, ma ka Urals, ka Volga māhele 'āina a me Siberia hoʻomaka' Anati-Soviet olelo Czechoslovak poʻe hao wale, a oia ka hapanui o ka poe pio mua o ke kaua. I ka hopena o keia kipi i ka hoʻokahuliʻia o ka Soviet mana ma Siberia, a me ka Urals, a me ka mea mahope kahua o ka hou aupuni o ka Mensheviks a me Socialist-Revolutionaries a me ka Cadets.

July 17 Ua pana aku la ia me ka hookolokolo ana aliʻi ohana.

Ma ka haule ana o ka '18 Czechoslovak poʻe hao wale i ka Volga River. Ma lalo o ke kauoha o Vatsetis (mai July 19 - Kamenev) e ku e ia lakou ka mea i hana i ka hikina mai Front, ka mea i hiki ke lanakila i ka Czechs e paʻa Samara, Kazan a me Simbirsk. Ka mua ke kahua i pau hoihoi hou ia ana o Soviet mana i loko o nā Urals, a me ka Volga māhele 'āina.

2. nā kuʻina o ke kaua kūloko: o ka lua. Ano i ka piko o ka uprising ma ka aina, i ka neʻeʻana aku i ka Bolsheviks ua ma kona apogee.

November 1918 - door Kolchak lūlū ihola i ka Papa Kuhikuhi, a hoʻokau i ka oihana koa dictatorship. He wahi ia iho "Aha Hana no a pau Rusia." A laila, Denikin hui i loko o ka North Caucasus, a me ka Kuban, a Don hana manawaleʻa Army i VSYUR i loko o July 1919, ua, ua oi aku 160 000 kanaka. Kēia poʻe kaua, ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o Denikin ma March '19 ka hopuʻia ka Donbass. Ma ka akau o ka aina a me ke kōkua o ke Entente alakaʻiʻia General E. K. Millera hoʻokumu i ka poe koa, NN Yudenich ua hoʻomākaukau i ka hele ana ma Petrograd, a ma Ukraine kākoʻo o Petliura hiehie kona kuokoa. Na mea kuka o kēia mau alakaʻi i ka lāʻau a hiki i ka Soviet? Eia, a ka mea, ua hikiʻole i ka hana no o ka hakakā a me ka hoa pāonioni ma.

Ma ka lua o ke kahua i kekahi hoʻonui i ka pālākiō o ka piʻiʻana, ka withdrawal o ka poʻe hao wale, mai na aina a hiki i ka mokuna o Rusia. In April-Aukake '19 haalele iho US poʻe hao wale, England, Kelemania, a France.

3. kuʻina o ke Kanawai Kaua: ke kolu (March 1919 -1920 GG.). Kēia manawa ke kuleana kaua, i ka wā a ua lilo i mea akaka i ka lanakila ma ka paio no ka mana, ka Bolsheviks eo.

I Nowemapa '18 helu kuhi puke i kūpono 'alakaʻiʻia Kolchak. December 25 i kona pūʻali kaua e noho Perm, a me 31 o ka ia malama o ko lākou mau mua i ku ana. helu kuhi puke kūpono 'ma ka Volga In March '19 Kolchak koa, e lawe Ufa, e hele mai ana i ke Samara a me Simbirsk. I 'Apelila '19 Hawaiian Front poʻe hao wale papani iho la i aku la ia ia, a ma ke kauwela ma Siberia i kāpaeʻia. I hauʻoli i kēia kulekele guerillas hoonohonoho i ke kipi. I ka hoʻomaka o '20 Kolchak pana.

Ma May '19, ma lalo o ke kauoha o Yudenich hoʻomaka he kūpono 'ma Petrograd, a mahana i ka Red Army. Ma Okatoba, i ka poʻe hao wale, kipaku Yudenich ma Estonia, a malaila disarmed.

Ma July 1919 Ukraine ka hopuʻia Denikin, a hoʻomaka i kūpono 'ma Moscow. I kona pūʻali kaua ma September ka hopuʻia aito, Kursk a me Voronezh. I kakahiaka nui 1920, i wawahi ai i ka Denikin ka poe kaua, a me ka Bolshevik mana ma ka hema o ka aina hoihoi.

4. E ka hope pae ana o ke kaua (paʻa i loko o 1920 - 1922.) kivila.

I 'Apelila 1920 Wrangel i koho "luna o ka pau ana o ka aoao hema o Rusia." Ua ano he "Lūkini koa", i hoomaka kūpono 'ana i ka Donbass. Ma Okatoba, i ka poʻe hao wale Wrangel i luku, a hooauheeia'ku hoʻi i ka Crimea. I ka make ana o Wrangel ia i ka hopena o ke kaua, eia naeʻekeʻeke o ka ia'ku i koe i loko o ka palena wahi o Rusia.

Lūkini ka pōʻino i loko o nā kuʻina o ke kaua kūloko i alahula mau. Ka heluna kanaka ua hoʻemi e 12 miliona kanaka, a me ka huina o na waiwai poho nui i oi aku mamua o 50 ieeeea?. Rubles.