Mōʻaukala o Sergiev Posad (pokole). Sergiev Posad: mōʻaukala o ke kulanakauhale no na keiki

Nā haumāna i pinepine hoihoi i loko o ka hala o ka mea kahiko Lūkini kulanakauhale. No koe o ka moʻolelo o Sergiev Posad. Iki ia mea i oluolu i ka la, no ka mea, i kēia Wahiiki he mea aneane 7 kenekulia, oiai i kona aina i wahi he wahi lihi iki o ka hana hoihoi hanana. I hala iho nei Sergiev Posad ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i ua ma luna o ka pā hale o ka Trinity-Seregio Lavra - ka nui Lūkini Orthodox hoailona, e ike i,ʻo iauaeoia oo? Ecia a me ka malama pono, mai na aina. Aia i loko o ke Gula alii, i ke kūlanakauhale,ʻo nā malihini nani aina kū hoʻokahi kia hoʻomanaʻo i o kahiko kuhikuhipuʻuone, hoihoi 'Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha a me ka hoʻokipa o ka poʻe e noho ana.

hoʻokumuʻo o ka hoailona

Mōʻaukala o Sergiev Posad hoi aku la i ka 1347, ua laila, i loko o Radonezh ulu lāʻau ma ka ulu lāʻau puu kokoke i ka muliwai Makovec Konchury hoahanau me Baretolomaio, a me Setepano kukulu i monastic halepaahao, a me ka ekalesiaʻuʻuku i loko o ka inoa o ka Trinity. Ka manao wale no o kona ola ascetics manaoio aku i ka hana o ke Akua, a me ka mehameha wahi kokoke i Moscow hiki ole e aho hoʻomākaukau no keia. Akā, koke maluhiluhi Stephen anuanu ka ululāʻau a me ka mau monastic deprivation. Ka haʻalele 'ana o kona kaikaina,ʻo ia neʻe Moscow hoailona o ka Epiphany i. A me Baretolomaio i ka möneka ma lalo o ka inoa o St. Seregio, a noho i loko o ka hermit o ka halepaahao. A ka mea ola ma ka hoʻokaʻawale no kekahi mau makahiki.

Over manawa, hoomaka Sergei e hele mai, e hoopau i ka mōneka, mai ka aina kokoke. Ka mea, hoʻokumu i ka ekalesia i kukuluia a puni ka Hemolele Trinity hoailona, a ma kona helehelena me kekahi, haʻalele akula kaiāulu laau pa he kaona liʻiliʻi. Sergiy Radonezhsky hookapu novices lawe handouts mai malihini, a kauoha akula iā lākou e hana i ka mea i ola, ma kā lākou mau hana iho. No laila, i ka hoailona i nā lilo i waiwai mawaena konu o ka handicraft? Iecaianoaaiiuo. A puni ia, hoomaka ae la e kukulu iho i ko lakou mau wahi i noho kauwa a me artisan kanaka. Mai kēia mau noho i nā hana noho. Clergymen kekahi patronized ka Lūkini aliʻi, e hāʻawi ana iā ia pono likeʻole a me ka feudal pono.

Ke kūlana o ka hoailona i loko o ka lanakila o Kulikovo

Mōʻaukala o ke kulanakauhale o Sergiev Posad ua pili loa ua hoʻopili i ka inoa o ka Luna Nui Duke Dmitry Donskoy, ua haawi mai ka aina Lūkini mai ka Mongol-Tatarʻauamo. Inā manaʻo 'oe i nāʻoihana aliʻi, i loko o 1380, ma ka Ewa o ke kaua o Kulikovo, ka luna o na aina Lūkini pu me ka hui i hele mai i ka hoailona no ka pomaikai o St. Seregio.

Ka Makua Kahuna,ʻaʻole wale ka uhane kākoʻo i nā koa, akā, hāʻawi maila iā lākou e kōkua i kona mau mōneka (Aleksandra Peresveta a me Rodiona Oslyabyu) i hiki e akakaʻi lawelawe me na mea kaua. Ma hope o ka loaa ana kākoʻo mai Seregio, Dmitry Donskoy a me kona entourage hele aku la i ka i Kulikovo Field , e kaua aku i na koa o ke Gula iā Goga. E like me ke kahiko kaao, e koa hoʻi mōneka a me Relight Oslabya ka piena o kaua i ka enemi, a make i loko o ke kaua. Akā, ma ka hopena o ka paukū e hoʻokele e kuikui Dmitry Donskoy Tatars a me keia lanakila ia i ka hoʻomaka o ka liberation o Rusia, mai ka makahiki o ka hoʻokaumaha.

I ka make ana o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ke kulanakauhale

Ka Makua Kahuna make iho la i ka 1392, a ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o ka hoailona i hoʻokumuʻia e ia. Ua piha o Sergiev Posad History. No nā mamo narration o ke ola ana o ke kulanakauhale, e nana e like kilokilo ina e hai aku ia mau mea e pili ana i ke kumu o ka inoa o ka möneka nui, kona mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā, iʻikeʻia oi loa aku ia i kona wahi i noho ai. Mawaena o na kanaka ia la ia mea e like me ka hana mana nui la hana a me ka pono i i lolouila ole wale na mea kauwa ma ka loa pilikia loa, akā, i nā kaukaualiʻi. 30 makahiki ma hope o ka make ana o Seregio canonized. Ma ka hanohano o keia hanana ma luna o ka wahi o kona kanu ana i waiho pōhaku Trinity Hale Pule Nui, kukulu ma ka lilo ana o ke keiki a Dmitry Donskoy Prince George.

I ka make ana o ka hoailona

Mōʻaukala o ke kulanakauhale o Sergiev Posad i kona lono kaumahaʻaoʻao. I loko nō o ka mea i like me ka hopena o ke kaua o Kulikov poʻe hao wale o ka Golden iā Goga i hana mai ai i ka palaoa pio, ka mea, no kēlā wā i kēia wā i hao i ka aina Lūkini. I ka 1408, hoomaka ae la ka Tatars e mua ma Moscow. A hiki mai la lakou ma ke ala o ke kilohana Trinity-Seregio hoailona, Yedigei Khan kena ae i kona poe koa e singe ia. Wooden haipule hale puhi ai i ka honua, a wawahi ae la.

Hou a me ka pomaikai

I loko nō o ka kŘpuna hoouka o Tatars, i ole papani iho la i kona ola ana, i ka hoailona ma ka paena a ma hope i hana Sergiev Posad. Story no na keiki i loko o ke kūlanakauhale hiki ke hai aku la ia me ka hai ana mai i kēia mau mea, akā, i kēia mau mea, inā paha kaʻawaʻawa loa hanana, ka mea i pono, e ike.

3 makahiki ma hope o ka pōʻino i loko o kēia mau aina, hou haipule hale, a i hoʻohana ai no ka hana o ka pohaku. Hoihoi hou ia ana o ka hoailona, ku paa ma kona mau wawae, a me ke kākoʻo o nā aliʻi i hoomaka ai e hoʻomohala wikiwiki a me ka maikaʻi. He waiwai loa ma o aku o kona mokuna o arable aina, ke kula mauʻu, homesteading me ka'āina i ka mahiʻai, lawaiʻa wahi lilelile, a no laila, ma luna o. D.

Tsar Ivan Grozny i mau hoʻolohe ai i ka manao o ka mea kiʻekiʻe Trinity clergy. I ka 1561, ua loaa mai i ka monastic clergy endorsement o ko lākou kulekele, a hele ae la ia ma ka mōʻaukala me ka "oprichnina". Support mō'ī mōneka lawe hou nā'āina ona a me replenishment o ka waihona kālā ma ka lilo o ka moku'āina-waiwai a kanaka.

Ma ka waena o ka XVI kenekulia Ivan Grozny kauoha e kūkulu a puni ka aina a pau a hiki i ka hoailona, pohaku paia me ka 11 hale kiai, ma hope i kona huli ana i loko o ka pā kaua impregnable. Ka manawa pōkole History o Sergiyev Posad no na keiki mai nā 'lei examples o pehea ka Susana, i loko o nā makahiki 1608-1610 me ka hanohano ku e kokoke polutoraletnyuyu hoopuni o ka Polish-Lituania komohewa. I ka wā i loko o Rusia i ka 1682 wawahi i ka haunaele musketeers, hūnā i nā paia pohaku o ka hoailona, mai ka inaina mai o disgruntled koa Princess Sophia Nikolaevna a me Prince Ivan a me Petero. Ma hope o 7 makahiki, ai ka hope o ua mua, ua huna oe ia oe iho iʻaneʻi i kona kaua i ka noho aliʻi. A pii aku ai i ka noho aliʻi, Peter I ikaika kākoʻo i ka aina hoailona. Kēia pilikino E pili ka pilina me lākou mō'ī wā e hiki mai ka pomaikai.

Renaming hoailona ma Lavra

Me ke kākoʻo o nā luna a me nā aliʻi hoomau mōʻaukala o Sergiev Posad. No na keiki e e hoihoi i ka ike ana i ka 1744 o ka hoailona i Kapa hou i ke hoailona. Kēia honorary inoa haawi aku la ia hou kūpono, a hooikaika aku la i kona kūlana i waena o nā Russian Orthodox haipule kulanui. I ka 1782, he nui noho puni ana o ka hoailona, hui ma ka Wahiiki i kapaia "Sergiev Posad".

I hanaʻia ma ke kūlanakauhale i loaa mai i ke kapa ana o na mea kaua ma luna o kona mokuna, hoomaka ae la e e kukuluia almshouses, kalepa pōʻeleʻele loa, hoailona hotele, wehe nā hale hana, pai ana i na hale. Ua, ka mea, lilo iho la he nui mawaena konu o ka liʻiliʻi hana, ka mea, ua lilo ia i hōʻailona o ka Russian Matryoshka. I ka makahiki 1865, ma waena o Sergiev Posad a me Moscow wālua meheu. Ua o Laielohelohe Lavra nui helu o nā malihini a me ka hoʻomana.

Bolshevikʻikepili

I ka pomaikai o ka Trinity Lavra o St. Seregio, a me ka aina a pau i ka mea i pau ai me ka hiki ana i ka mana o ka Bolsheviks ma Rusia. All haipule kulanui i loko o ke kulanakauhale i paa. Ma ka palena o ka hoailona i ka 1919, hoʻokumu i ka iau. Ua hoomaau nā mōneka, a repressed. Me ka palapala nalowale inoa "Sergiev Posad". I ka moolelo o na keiki i ka E hoike mai i ka 1919 ia i ka inoa o Seregio, a ma ka 1930 - Zagorsk. Keia inoa, ua loaa ia ma ka hanohano o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni Vladimir Zagorski.

Sergiev Posad ma Soviet manawa

I Soviet manawa i ke ano o ke kulanakauhale hoʻololi dramatically. Ma kona mokuna, hou nā hale hana a me nā mea wili i kūkulu. I ka 1932, aia i wehe i kū hoʻokahi Research Institute o toys. Ke kaua me ka ke Kelemānia a lawe mai no loli i ka i ana ai i ke ola o ke kulanakauhale. He nui o kona poe noho i hele e kaua aku i loko o ka mua, 14 o ia ma hope o ke kaua i i hookoia ai ka inoa Hero o ka Soviet Union. Mai ka MH 1946 i ka hoʻomana Kalikiano ma Sergiev Posad, hoomaka ae la ke kiʻekiʻe o ke ola. Mai laila, hoomaka ae la i ka hoailona e hoʻi i ka mōneka.

I ka 1976, wehe aʻela ia i ke kulanakauhale Zagorsky kia. Mai ka makahiki 1980, hoomaka ae la e papa liʻiliʻi e neeaaia. Ma ka hanohano o ka 1000th lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka bapetizo ana o Kievan Rus 'ia ma 1988 ma ka wahi o ka hooponopono, kokoke i ka Ekalesia o ka hoopahaohaoia'na, i inaugurated he kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o St. Seregio o Radonezh. Mua inoa o Sergiev Posad hoi hope mālama 'ia ma ka makahiki 1991 ma ka kūloko referendum.

Na kēia kūlanakauhale

Sergiev Posad He manawa he mele haipule, nohona kanaka, a me ka mōʻaukala hoʻomalu mawaena konu o ka Moscow māhele. Kona papa kuhikuhiE attraction o ka Trinity-Seregio Lavra. Mai ka makahiki 1993, ka mea, ua helu like me ka UNESCO World hoʻoilina Site. E kipa ia e hele mai i manaoio ole wale, akā, i ka poe a pau, ka poe i hoihoi i loko o ka manawa pōkole mōʻaukala o ke kulanakauhale o Sergiev Posad.