Nā'oko'a koko

'O ke koko he wai ola'ole e hele mau ana i loko o ke kaola holo'oko'a, me nā mea'ai a me nā kinoea. Mahalo iā ia, aia kahi hā'ina i loko o ke kino, nā mea a me nā'ōpena e loa'a ai nā mea a pau e pono ai no ko lākou ola a hā'awi i nā huahana o ka hanu. Aia i loko o nā pūnaewele, i kapa'ia nā'ano ho'ohālike, a me ka plasma. 'O nā'ano kūpono o ke koko he'oi aku i ka 40% o ka nui o ke koko, a'o ke koena o ia mea aia i loko o ka wai o ka plasma toto. 'O ke koko i loko o ke kino e hana i kekahi mau hana nui - hānai, ho'omaha, palekana, ho'ololi wela.

Ho'oka'awale'ia nā māhele koko a pau i'ekolu pū'ulu leo nui - erythrocytes, leukocytes a platelets. 'O ka nui o nā pu'upu'u he mau koko koko'ula'ula, i kekahi manawa i kapa'ia he mau koko koko uila. 'O nā pūpū koko'ula'ula e hā'awi ana i ke koko i ka'ula'ula. O ka papa kuhikuhi hana o ka erythrocyte - e lawe mai i ke kinoea e loaa hou mai, a laila transporting oxygen ma ke kino keena, a, e ohi mai ia o carbon dioxide. No ke kala'ana i ka kinoea,'o nā pūlaula'ula'ula he pūmua kūikawā i kapa'ia he hemoglobin. I ke'ano, he'ano like nā pūlaula'ula'ula me nā concave disks mai nā'ao'ao'elua. Ma muli o kēia'ano e hiki ai iā lākou ke komo i loko o nā po'okela li'ili'i loa. Eia hou, hiki i ka lapa'au ma nā'ao'ao'elua ke ho'onui i ke kele o nā pūlaula'ula'ula, i pono no ka'oihana'oihana o ka oxygen. 'A'ole i loa'a i nā'elethrocytes ka nuclei. 'O ke ola o kēia mau pu'upu'u mai 90 a 120 mau lā, he ma'amau i nā kāne, he kape o ke koko ma ka'ilima he 5x10 i ka papa 12, a ma nā wahine - 4.5x10 ma ka papa 12 o erythrocytes.

'O ke'ano o nā pūpū koko e like me nā leukocytes,'o ia nā ke'oke'o ke'oke'o. 'O kēia mau mea'oko'a ke kuleana nui i ka pale'ana i ke kino mai nā ma'i pathogens, nā huakiko, nā mea'ē a'e. Ho'omaopopo lākou i ka hilina'i o ka ma'i ma hope o ka luku'ia'ana o nā hua bacteria, e hana i nā mea'ele'ele i hana nui i ka ho'okumu'ana i ka palekana. White koko aeee i hua mai ma ka iwi a ka lolo, spleen, lymph aka wahi. 'O kēia mau pūnaewele i'ike'ole'ia me nā nuclei i ho'oulu'ia. 'O ka helu o nā leukocytes i ke koko o ke kanaka, he 4-10 × 10 i ka iwa o ka helu i kēlā me kēia li'i o ke koko.

Ma muli o ka nui o ka momona ma ka cytoplasm, e māhele'ia nā leukocytes i granulocytes a me agranulocytes. 'O Granulocytes nā'eosinophils, nā basophils a me nā neutrophils, nā agranulocytes nā lymphocytes a me nā monocytes. 'O kēlā me kēia'ano o nā leukocytes he'oihana pono'ī nona iho,'o ia ke kuleana no ka hana'ana i nā'ano hana like'ole.

Hana'ia nā'ano o ke koko i kapa'ia he platelets, he'oia'i'o, he mau'āpana o nā pūpū nui - megakaryocytes. Ua kapa'ia nā pālatele i nā pālahalaha koko. E like me nā leukocytes,'a'ohe o lākou'ano ke nānā'ole,'a'ohe mau nuclei,'a'ohe'ano kino'ole. He loli maoli nā pālalaha, a ua wikiwiki koke'ia i nā ho'omākaukau hou'ana. He mau ko'iko'i nā kī'aha koko i ka hana'ana i ka pīpī'ana, i ke kāpili'ana o ke koko a me ka kahe'ana o ka wai. 'O ka helu o nā platelets i loko o ke kahe o ke koko mai 200 a 400x10 i 9 mau lika pākahi o ke koko.

Ho'okumu'ia nā'ano koko i loko o nā'āpana hematopoietic,'o ia ho'i ka iwi o ka iwi, nā lymph nodes, ke'ano. Aia i loko o ke kino he hui li'ili'i'ole'ia o nā'ano'ano me nā'ōpū kahi i kūkulu'ia ai a luku'ia ai lākou a me nā mea hana e ho'oponopono ai i kēia ka'ina hana.

'O ka loiloi o nā'ano'ano ma'alahi a'oi mau. Hiki i nā mea'ino ke hō'ailona nui o nā ma'i like'ole. 'O ka helu o nā'ano koko o nā'ano like'ole e hō'ike i ke kau'ana o nā koko a pau me kahi'ano leukocyte. 'O kēia'ānena e komo ana ka nui o ka hemoglobin, ka'ōle'a kala, ESR, nā'ano māliko o ke koko. Hō'ike ka papa helu'ikepili i kēia mau hō'ike a pau ma ke'ano ma'amau, a hiki iā'oe ke ho'ohālikelike i nā hualoa'a i loa'a.