Oprichnik - owai la keia? Ua ikeia ma ka mōʻaukala o nā guardsmen

Russian statehood hele ma na mea he nui huikau me ke kapuai hookahi, i kekahi manawa kekahi iʻoi aku ma mua o kekahi. Ka loa creepy a me ka pouli wā i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Rusia, ka hapanui moʻolelo i kapa aku ai i nā makahiki oprichnina. Oprichnik - He nā kaʻao, a ua ia anei ola? Kēia mau mō'ī kauwa hele weliweli lono, i ka i ana ia mea, i ole kanaka i nā mea a pau, ka mea maoli i na kupu nui, "i loko o ke kino na daimonio." No laila, he aha hiki oe e olelo aku no na henchmen i ka mea maoli a pau a me ke kumu e kamailio e pili ana i maoli scary moʻolelo?

pōʻino ana

Oprichnina helehelena ma mua ma ka moʻo o ka io hanana no Moscow. Muscovy i ia manawa alakaʻi me ka hi Livonian War. Livonian kue - keia mea kekahi o ka mea nui loa koa poʻe o ka XVI kenekulia i loko o ka Baltic māhele 'āina, a he nui, influential i loko o ia mau wahi o ka moku'āina - Muscovy, ka Luna Nui Duchy o Lithuania, aupuni o Kuekene, ke aupuni o Denemaka. Ma Ianuali 1558 Moscow ma Livonia. Initially, ka poʻe i lawe mai Lūkini poʻe hao wale Ivanu Groznomu i ka helu o ka nui lanakila i lilo Narva, Dorpat, a he nui loa nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale e pili pū i loko o ka Baltic.

Ma na kumu o ke kaua

No ehiku makahiki, Lūkini moku'āina hoʻomau i koko a me ka awaawa kaua me ka Livonian moku'āina. 'Aʻole wale nō Emperor Peter au makemake e "wehe i ka puka noʻEulopa". Ivan Grozny , hoi, ua hoʻoholo ihola e kiko o ka "I" i loko o ka pilikia seemingly mau loa o ka hoʻokele waiwai Lūkini. Ka hoʻomaka o ka oihana koa kai eʻe ua muli o kona kulana holomua no Rusia. Ma hope o ke kaomi pio ma ka Lithuanians holo aku la a hiki i Ulla-Nui o Lūkini hao wale. I e pili ana me ke kulana Ivan Grozny hai aku i ka moku'āina o ka ʻoihana kānāwai, e pili ana i ka 'ole i loko o ka moku'āina oprichnichestva.

ke kanana 'koho

ʻOiai ke aupuni ka mana iʻaʻole wale nō ke aliʻi, ma luna o ka wahi lulu, a kuwaho i alakaʻi ai feudal haku, ka mea i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia aʻela ia i loko o ewalu kau - ma ka pili 'aelike, a me ka allotment. None o ia i hana ai no ka pono o kona aina, a, o ka papa, e waiho auhau i loko o kona eke. Ma kekahi kauwa kekahi manawa au i mau feudal haku. Wale nō nā aliʻi o Yaroslavl, ua ma ia manawa e pili ana i kanawalu. A pau i kēia mau aliʻi i ole waiho iho i kekahi denari i loko o ka waihona kālā ma mua loa huhu i ka Lūkini tsar. Like i loko o ka'āina, a no laila, lawa pilikia, o ka oi aku i ke kaua, i ke aliʻi e hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o feudal. I ka 1565, Ivan Grozny January 3 a haʻi maila i ka abdicates no ka huhu i nā kaukaualiʻi. Ma hope o ia he lono hoʻolele kūkala, tausani o ka poʻe i ho'ākoakoaʻia, a hele aku la i ke alii, e noi aku iā ia e hoʻi ai i ka noho aliʻi, a hookahi hou alakaʻi i ka aina. Kela manawa, i ka mahina ma hope o ka Lūkini tsar hai mai ia ia e hoi hou i ka rula, akā, me ka mea pono, e hoopai aku i ka boyars me ka hookolokolo ana, auhau ia, hoonele ia o ko lākou waiwai. A pau i ke koena o ka moku'āina ua, e haawi aku zemshchina. No a pau keia mea hou e komo i ka'āina oprichnina. Ma ka mea,ʻo ia hōʻike 'ia kekahi mau boyars, clerks o kanaka a me ka servicemen. No ia mea, oprichnik - he kanaka e loaʻa kekahi mana, a lawe mai i nā kauoha o ke alii ponoi. Iloko oprichnina alii ia kekahi mau kulanakauhale Veliky Ustyug, Vologda, Suzdal, Vyazma, Kozelsk, Medyn a me na mea e ae.

Ke ae pā o ka oprichnina

Oprichnik - he kanaka nana i ma luna o ka hana ana o ka uwila kookoo, hooneleia i ka luna o ka mana, ka feudal haku i loko o ka kekahi māhele'āina. Ivan Grozny hana nui me ke akamai nui, pela pepehi mau manu a me kekahi pōhaku. He nele o ka arbitrariness alii ahaolelo, a haawi mai la i ka i koe, aina ai i loko o ka Baltic States. Oprichnik manaʻo - "i kekahi kanaka i mea i loko o ke kulana o ke aliʻi i loko o nā kahua o kona kākoʻo."

eleele kiaʻi

Oprichnik - kekahi 'aoʻao pilikino kiai o ke alii, i i pūʻali koa i mea ole wale oʻo kanaka, akā, i boyars' na keiki, a ua koho aliʻi. I ka papa kuhikuhiE ano no i ke koho i lawe mai, ua i ka wa e kaawale aku o nā, koko ano laulea me ka hanohano persona hanohano. A pau i ua koi 'ia Ivan Grozny, mai ko lakou mau kanaka - e Aloha unquestioning hoolohe. Ka mea nui wale i oprichnik no wahi luluʻikepili. Meaning ka mea, Ua haka hoʻomōhala a me ka mea i kekahi mau mea like me ka hana ana o kūikawā koa i loko o mākou manawa.

hakakā clashes

Mai na luna a pau ma lalo iho oʻu e kaua poe kauwa, (i ka poʻe koa e kiaʻi ana i ka pono o ka mea nana), ka loloa o ka aina o ke alii i kekahi mea o ke kamailio hana. Eia a he mea he "Black mea nāna e holo" - oprichnik. Definition o ka olelo, ua haawi aku la i ka apana uuku na kiʻekiʻe. Mua kona hana i ka mea e hooikaika ana i ka 'amelika mana o ke aliʻi, a me ka pepehi ka poe i kū'ē'ē ai. Ua pinepine i ho'ākāka 'ia me hōhē wale, a hoʻowahāwahā ia kanaka. Akā, i nā mea a pau e noho ana pela, aia no kekahi kenelala maikai, a me nā luna ma waena o ka guardsmen. Aia i kekahi hihia: i ka hopu ana o Livonian kulanakauhale pūʻali koa ma lalo o ke kauoha o Prince Tyufyakina haule mawaho o ka pakaua, a me ka hoʻomaka o "arguing" makemake ole e hele ma ke kaua a me ka ikaika excuses huhu ke alii, a hoouna aku la ia guardsmen, a hōʻike i ke aliʻi paa wehe mai i ka noho luna ana o ka poe koa Tyufyakina, a mau kōkua, aʻo ia Ho'āʻo e alakaʻi i ka ino hao wale.

Dog ka poo a me ka pūlumi

Hoikehonua, moʻolelo e wehewehe i ka pilikino kiai o ke aliʻi i loko o ke kēiaʻaoʻao. A ke kanaka i hoʻoponopono i nā mea a pau i loko oʻeleʻele, a me ka strapped i ka lio pesey poo, a me ka pūlumi mahope. Head symbolized i ka mea e, e naʻoukou ia mai opiopio guardsmen kipi, a kahili ia me ka pūlumi. Kēia mea,ʻaʻole loa oiaio. Ae, oprichnik Ua aahu heʻeleʻele lole komoʻuʻuku, no ka mea, ua i kekahi ano o ka mea a me ka lole like. About carrion - piha nonsense, i ka wela o ka lā, me ka hoʻokaʻawale auaneʻi au poo mea i maopopo loa i maopopo mai. No ka mea manawa mua i kēia 'ike i hele mai, mai nā malihini i, loa paha, unuhi ae la ia i analogy me ka mōneka Dominicans, ka mea, ua he hōʻailona o ka Papa o ke poo o ka ilio i ka mea i kahikoia i ka puka o ka hoailona. No ke aha la i ke poo o ka ilio? Dominicans kapaʻia lākou ma nā'īlio i ka Haku, i ka. Lakou, e like me ka guardsmen, e noiʻi ana hewa (e ku e ia Faith), a malia paha ia i ke kumu no ka hanana o ia ka analogy. A pūlumi uaʻaʻole like ka pūlumi. E like me ka hoailona o ko lākou mau no a hiki i ka caste o ke koho alii ka guardsmen apo i ke kāʻei o ka hulu hipa palaki - pūlumi e pūlumi ana kipi.

Hard kūʻiʻo

Ma oprichnina pepehi i ka puu o ke kanaka e olelo aku i ka nui o -ʻiʻo,ʻaʻole e hiki a hiki i kēia manawa. Oprichnik - ka mea, 'o ke kai, i ka hewa i make ma ka liʻiliʻi 6000 kanaka. He kēia huahelu kahea Skrynnikov kākau moʻolelo.

ka guardsmen

Kēlā mau makahiki weliweli i ua wehewehe aku ma na mea he nui i ka manawa o ka repression a me ka hainā. A, o ka papa, ma laila nō nā guardsmen loa kaulana ka poe hoomanao i kā lākou hanaʻana i ka loa.

Fedor Basmanov - keiki Alexei Danilovich guardsmen. About Fedor hele aku i ka lono anaʻo ia i ke aloha o Ivana Groznogo, ma ka nui, i kapa i ka moʻolelo o nā haole. Ua Hōʻike 'o Tatar hoouka ma Ryazan. I ka 1569 Oprichny i kauoha mai ai ka lehulehu i loko o kaʻaoʻao hema o ka aina. He i kumu kāki.

Malyuta Skuratov - oprichnik, i ka papa kuhikuhiE manaʻoʻino, loaa ae nei i kona inoa kapakapa, no ka poe liilii, kona kino. He ua ka poo o ka oprichnina. He hoʻomaka i kona 'oihana me ka haahaa kulana, akā, no ka mea, o kona brutality, ua pili nui kiekie. Famously au makemake e hoʻomaka hoʻouna i nā ninau i kuko. He ua oi kai ma mua o oprichnik. Pepehi i ka hana i ka 1573.

Athanasius Vyazemsky - kekahi oprichnik kaulana. Au i kūikawā kūlana o ke aliʻi, i ka'īʻana i mea ua he punahele Ivana Groznogo a me keia manawa, kona palena i hilinaʻi ai. Ka mea, ua, no ka ikaika i na laau i hoomakaukauia pilikino kauka weliweli Lenseem ke aliʻi lawe wale, mai na lima mai o Afanasiya Vyazemskogo. I ka wa o ka loa repression Vyazemskij me Malyuta Skuratov poai puni i ka guardsmen. He pau i kona honua kū i Vyazemskij i hoʻomāinoino ', i hoopiiia no kipi ae la oia me ka poʻeʻenemi o ka Lūkini, a me ka makemake e lawe Pskov Lithuania.

Mihail Temryukovich Cherkassky - Prince. Ma Muscovy hele mai i ka 1556. Hoolohe ana i ka makemake o kona makua kāne,ʻo ia i bapetizoia iho la, a lilo ae la kekahi o na luna. Michael oprichnik i ke aloha i kona nani kai eʻe ma luna o ka Tatars a me ke kaikuahine Maria, i mea akin ia ia me Tsar Ivan i ka weliweli. Ma hope o kekahi manawa o ka luna Cherkassky loaa nui ole ma ka pā hale o ka Moscow tsar.

Kauoha aku i waena o guardsmen Ua haawiia i Michael Cherkasky ma September 1567. He, e like a pau i ka nui aka wale o ko ke alii ka pilikino kiai, 'Imi komo i loko o ka hoʻokolokoloʻiaʻana o Messrs Monarch objectionable. Ma May Cherkassy i no oleloia kolohe, a me kekahi o na kanaka kaulana mana mea i hiki i Impaled.