Polish koa alihi kaua a me ka politician Sikorskiy Vladislav: Kawaihae, e piʻi like a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Pole Wladyslaw Sikorski i kaulana i ke aloha a hiki i ke komo i loko o ka paio no ka lahui Kuokoa i ka First World War. He hoʻokele e hui pu iho koa hana a me ka maikaʻi loa kālai'āina 'oihana. Ma hope o ka hana o Poland ma ka Apana Reich Sikorski lilo i ka Luna hoomalu o ke aupuni-ma-ke pio. He make ma ke kui, a me kona kumu lilo he? Aneii lepo no ka ai iiiaanoaa o ke kipi kumumanaʻo.

i kakahiaka nui makahiki

I ka wā e hiki mai Polish politician, a me kou alakaʻi Sikorskiy Vladislav i hanau May 20, 1881 ma ka gmina tuszów narodowy - he uuku kauhale ma Galicia. A laila, i ka māhele no a hiki i ka Austro-Hunakalia aupuni a pau, akā, kona heluna kanaka uaʻano nui Slavic. Ke keiki puka 'o ia mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe ma Lviv (Lemberg) a helu i loko o ka kūloko Polytechnic Institute. I ia manawa, i mokuahana ma waena o Rusia, a me ka Habsburg aupuni a pau Poland. Ia mea i kahaha ko oukou naau i Sikorskiy Vladislav lilo iʻeleu aku i komo i loko o ke aupuni neʻeʻana. Ma Lviv, oia komo i loko o ka hanaia'na o ka Polish liberation a papa hana.

I ka makahiki 1908, i ke kanaka opiopio hui i kaʻeleu paio e ku ei ka Union. Ke Polish paramilitary hui "Sagittarius", ia i koho Luna hoomalu. Oiai ma Galicia ua ulu Anati-'Aukekulia olelo la, Europe inevitably ka hookokoke ana i ka First World War. I ka 1914, i ka Serbian poʻe hoʻoweliweli pana i ka'Aukekulia hooilina Manuela Ferdinand. Kēia hanana i ke kumu no ka kaua mea i pūliki pono ka holoʻokoʻa Old World. Austria-Hungary a me Rusia loaʻa iā lākou iho ma kekahi aoao o ka barricades. Na auamo, kona aina i puʻunaueʻia ma waena o nā mana elua e hoomakaukau i no ke kaua no kona kuokoa. Sikorskiy Vladislav i kekahi o ka K'lauea alakaʻi o ka liberation neʻeʻana.

Ke paio no ka kuokoa

Ma hope o ka pomaikai ole oe kūpono 'ana o ke kaua Lūkini ma ka Hikina Prussia, ka Central mana i ku i ke komohana, i nā'āina a pau i Rusia. I waena o kēia mau aina i ke Aupuni o Poland - Polish kū kaʻawale i loko o ke aupuni a pau.

I ka 1916, Sikorskiy Vladislav lilo i kākoʻo iā ia, o Kelemania, a Austria-Hungary, hoomaka ae la e agitate no ka hoʻokumu o ka lāhui kanaka-moku'āina me ke kākoʻo mai o ka Central mana. Ua heluia, ua alakai ai i ka mea i ka luna koa i hele mai i loko o kue i ke aupuni alakaʻi Yuzefom Pilsudskim, ka poe i manaoio i Poland e pale patronage o kona hoalauna.

Ma kuikahi me Germany

Aka hoi, i ka 1916 i ka papahana o Sikorski i maoli hoʻokō. November 5 Ua kakauinoa ke kanawai, e like me a Kelemania, a Austria-Hungary ike i ka hou Aupuni o Poland. Kēia moku'āina ua he ukali o kona hoa ikaika.

Na ke Kelemānia a i ole malama e pili ana Polish kuokoa, ka mea, makemake wale e enlist i ke kākoʻo mai o kaʻauamo ma luna o Rusia. Akā, iā Władysław Sikorski koe i kākoʻo iā ia, o Kelemania, a Austria, manao no kā lākou kākoʻo no ka paa ana o ka kūʻokoʻa moku'āina. Ma 1916-1918 GG. luna koa i komo i loko o ua mauʻauamo pūʻali koa i mea i loko o ka poʻe kaua o ka Central mana.

Ke hou Polish koa

November 11, 1918 ma Warsaw, ka Polish militia disarmed ka Kelemānia ka pā kaua. Germany i e nalowale ka First World War, laila, ke kipi hoʻomaka malaila. Ma ia mau ana, ma Poland Kelemānia patronage hiki ole ke hoolaia ma lalo o kekahi ana. A mau lā ma hope o ka luna Episode ma Warsaw hele mai Jozef Pilsudski, ka mea i lilo poo o ka moku'āina. ¶ A i loko o November, ua hoonohoia Wladyslaw Sikorski luna o ke kookoo o ka poe koa ma Galicia.

ʻOiai ka First World War pau, Poland i keia manawa, e kū ai i ka hoouka kaua o ka maluhia i loko o kona mokuna. Hoʻoweliweli 'ana i ka aina i ka Soviet Rusia. Ka Bolsheviks, e kukulu ana i kona mana ma luna o nā wahi e pili ana o ka hauneneʻe puni aupuni a pau, noʻonoʻo Poland like lākou manawa. Ke kaua ma waena o nā hoalauna hoomaka ma January 1919. Lenin nānā i ke kai eʻe like me ka loiloi mua ke kahua o ko ke ao nei proletarian kipi. Ua, ma hope o moekahi 'make ai keʻokeʻo pūʻulu ma okoa fronts, ke Army Red i kia ma ke komohana hema a pau o kona ikaika.

e ku e ka Bolsheviks

Mai ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua e kū'ē i Soviet Rusia ka Polish koa alihi kaua a me ka politician Sikorskiy Vladislav hele Polesskii koa ikaika, kahi i lilo ai luna koa. He ua e hoonohonoho i kaua mai ka kūikawā. Polish poʻe hao wale i ole i kekahi kanaka hookahi hooponopono oaio, a me ka maopopo 'ole. Reforge manawaleʻai mau pūʻali i loko o ka maʻamau koa mana nō i ole i manawa. Iloko o ke kaua, Poland i e hoʻomaka literally me ko lakou mau lima.

Oia la, aka, ma hope o ka mea, ua hoʻomaka iholaʻo ia i ka Bolsheviks mea he maoli hoʻoweliweli, ua liuliu koke ihola i ka poe koa, a me ka lāʻau i hahau. An, alahula na makana a hiki i keia pomaikai ua i Wladyslaw Sikorski. Ke Kawaihae a keia kanaka - he vivid laʻana o ka Kawaihae o ka oihana koa alakaʻi, e ho'āʻo i kona lima i loko o ka likeʻole ma o nā pihana'ū i loko o ke keʻena luna a me kahua hana. Ia mea e kahaha ko oukou naau i loko o ka hou moku'āina alakaʻi manaoia ka mea pono i ka mai i pono ai ia ia, me ka lawe ana mai kekahi mau hana.

Kiev hana

Ua hoonohoia ai i ka "Polesie" na puali ona Group Sikorski ma August 1919. No kekahi manawa i konaʻaoʻao, ua nō i loko o ka wahi o Minsk. A laila, ua laweʻiaʻo ia Mozyr. Red Army ma ka liʻiliʻi eha manawa ho'āʻo e recapture i ke kulanakauhale, akā, i ole no kuʻu kaumaha. I 'Apelila 1920, i ka oihana koa i kuleana i loko o ke kūpono' ana o ke Kiev hana e hoʻopio i ka Ukrainian kapikala ku ma ka Bolsheviks. Ka ho'āhewa wale i lawe mai i loko o ka palena āpana mai Olevsk a hiki i Mozyr. Ma keia hana, i kaʻauamo kākoʻo i ka 15000th kaua o simona Petlyury.

April 28 Woodland pae o Polish pūʻali kaua ua ma luna o ka laina Vinnitsa - Kazatin - Chernobyl. I kekahi lā, ua hele kekahi 90 kilomika, a ua i loko o ka outskirts o Kiev. Mawaena o keia aoao o ka auamo, i halawai ole ia'ku. Soviet koa luna koa Sergei Mezheninov haalele i kona poʻe hao wale, no ka makau o pololei confrontation me kaʻenemi ka mea i loaa i ka hahau ana.

Sikorski (Sikorski) Vladislav, a me kona mau nā hoapili hele ma Kiev, May 8, 1920. Naʻe, ua pomaikai ua? Aiaiiuie. Kela manawa, ma May 14 ka Red Army ma lalo o ke kauoha o ka "daimonio o ke Kanawai Kaua" Mihaila Tuhachevskogo, hoomaka ae la he counteroffensive, no ka mea, o ka a na auamo, ua i koke kuemi hope. June 5 alo i wawahiia. 12 o ka Red Army komo Kiev. August 6 Group "Polesie" Ua disbanded. Sikorski i noho luna ana o ka 5th Army.

Warsaw hana

Tukhachevsky LIKE-hoouka puʻe wale akula kēlā i kaʻauamo, e emi hope. Poe kaua o ka poe koa e hele aku i ka hou kulanakauhale. Ma keia kahawai he hapa i kauoha mai ai 'ana Sikorski Vladislav. Luna,ʻaʻole naʻe, i ole kauo lima, a ua hoomakaukau ana no ke kuleana confrontation me ka Bolsheviks.

Ma keʻano nui manawa i ka wa a ke koko kahe mua i loko o ka wahi o Warsaw, me kona 5th Army, oki iho i ka enemi a hiki i ka aoao akau o ke kulanakauhale alii. Tukhachevsky ikaika uaʻoi aku ko lākou'ō a lilo kūlana e hoouka Poland. Sikorski ka poʻe kaua i ka lanakila ana o keia, a wawahi ae la na kaua o ka Bolsheviks, ua hu ae la kekahi mau kilomika. Ke kuleana po, e kau mai ma luna o August 15, hele mailaʻo ia i ke kokua ana o ka papa ma lalo o ke kauoha o Lyutsiana Zheligovskogo.

Keia pomaikai nui i 'ae' ia ma-Nui Yuzefu Pilsudskomu e hoʻomākaukau maikaʻi i loko o ka mai ana mai eea-kaua, a ua hoopakele ia i Poland o ka "ula ahulau". Sikorski ka makana i ka hoʻopakeleʻana o Poland ua nui. He Ua hookoia ka mea koʻikoʻi loa o ke aupuni, ke kaua - "No ka kaua koa". I 'Apelila 1921, ua hakahaka e Pilsudski ma-Nui o ka poe koa, a me ke poo o ka General Staff.

maluhia makahiki

Me ka hoouka kaua o World Sikorski ia i komo kālai'āina. Ma December 1922 - May 1923. ka mea, ua Kuhina Nui lawehana, a ma ka mea ia manawa i mālama ai me Kuhina o Kūloko Aina e. Ke aupuni alakaʻiʻia Sikorski ua hiki ke loaa mai ka Western iaia o ka mokuna hoʻokumu ma hope o lanakila ka kaua e kū'ē i ka USSR. I Poland Ua hoohui komohana Ukrainian a me ka Hawaiian māhele 'āina.

Mai 1928, Sikorsky i noho i loko o ke pio i loko o Farani. I ka hele ana ua aie i ka mea i ka manao o kekahi o ka loa vocal kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ka laila Aupuni. Makahiki lilo ma ka Palani koa pono ole i hana ai - ia i komo i ka Higher Koa Kula. Haili mua i hoʻopunipuni mai Sikorski. Maluhia ma Europe ua pōkole-i noho ai.

World War II

A lohe o Hitler ka Kelemania, i ka 1939, kaua akula Poland, e noho ana i loko o ke pioʻana Władysław Sikorski ho'āʻo e loaʻa mai i ke alakaʻi o ka aina o ka mākaʻikaʻi ma ke alo. Mau hana i hele mai ai i mea ole. I ka Ia manawa ma Farani i hoomaka ai i ke kahua o ka Polish kaua i loko o ke pio. Kēia kaʻina hana ma Paris, a lilo ae la ke poo o Sikorskiy Vladislav. Pole i na mea a pau i hiki ia a kona aupuni i koke kokoke pio.

Loko o ka mahina ma hope o ka kaua, hoomaka ae la Sikorski lilo Kuhina Nui e lawelawe i loko o ke aupuni-ma-ke pio. Ma lalo o kona malu alakaʻi, ua hanaia ke 84000th Polish kaua ma Farani. I ka wā o ka Apana Repubalika hele mai ma lalo o hoouka na kēia kanaka Kelemānia, Sikorsky lākou poʻe kaua ho'āʻo e hooki i ka aggressor. Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Farani, a me ka Polish aupuni, a me na koena o kona poʻe kaua holo i Enelani.

A lohe o Germany pepehi i ka USSR, Sikorski hele aku la i ka resumption o kalaiaina ana me ka Soviet Union. Normalization o ka pili ua pōkole-i noho ai. Soon na kēia kanaka Kelemānia, ka mea i noho kekahi hapa o ka Soviet ?? eoi? Ee, nolaila ia i kuu ike e pili ana i ka Katyn luku. Ka lono no ka pepehi ikaika o ka NKVD luna o ka Polish poe pio o ke kaua i alakai i kekahi mokuāhana ma. Sikorski ho'āʻo e koi aku Churchill, e noho paʻa ke alu like 'ana me ka USSR. A mau pule ma hope, July 4, 1943, i ke Kuhina Nui Kuhina i loko o ke pio, pu me kana kaikamahine i pepehi i loko o ka pelane kui kokoke Gibraltar. Koke make i ka chord hope i loko o ke ola pilikino E pili. E like me ka hoololi a me ka piha o kaʻoi 'ana e haʻalele i nā mea a pau i ke koena o kona ola. Vladislav Sikorsky a me kona make ana nō i ka puu o ka hoopaapaa. Polak Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o 'Enelani i ka alo o Churchill. Ka lehu o ka aina meʻe i hoolilo i kona'āina i loko o ka makahiki 1993.