Stephen Hawking ka maʻi. I ka moolelo o ka maʻi Stephen Hawking

Physicist maiʻEnelani Stiven Hoking ua ike ole wale ma ka 'epekema koʻikoʻi a hanohano. He nui ka poe e hoohalike ai ia me ka hale hoʻokamakama epekema e like me Einstein a me Newton. Hawking epa me kaʻimi naʻauao ke kālaikūlohea, a noi aku la makemakika, wa a me ka manawa kumumanaʻo,ʻimi ana i nā kānāwai kahua e kipaku i ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa. Stephen mea he loa influential nä känaka 'epekema o kēia manawa,ʻo ia ke poʻo o ka Oihana o ke Kulanui o Kamepelika.

Akā, i ka moʻolelo o Stephen Hawking - a eia i lanakila ka maʻi, a accompanies ia aneane koʻu holoʻokoʻa makua ola. Kēia , heʻe piʻoloke ihola ke kanaka i hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka limitless nā papaha o ke kanaka naau, e loaa ana mai ka amyotrophic kīloi paʻewa sclerosis.

Pōkole Kawaihae o ke nä känaka 'epekema

Stephen Hawking Ua hānauʻia ma luna o Ianuali 8, 1942 ma ka 'ohana pili ana i ka waena papa. Eia naʻe, i kona mau makua, he mau haumāna puka o Oxford, a ua manaoia ka pilina. Setepano ua he keiki maʻamau, akā, i loko o 8 makahiki, aʻo ihola ia e heluhelu. Ke kula i kekahi haumāna maikai, akā, i ka mea e poʻokela i okoa mai lākou na¯.

E manao ana i ka kiʻekiʻe hoihoi i loko o ke kālaikūlohea, oia hui i ka 'Oihana o ke kālaikūlohea ma Oxford, a i ole hōʻike nui eagerness e aʻo, e kali hou aku manawa pāʻani haʻuki a me ka partying. I loko nō a pau keia, oia ua hiki i ka 1962, e puka me ka kēkelē ka degere ia nā kumu kāki. Setepano noho no kekahi manawa ma Oxford a? Anoee sunspots, akā, ma hope hoʻoholo, e hele i Kamepelika. Aiaʻo ia i komo i loko oʻimi naʻauao kilohōkū.

Stephen Hawking ka maʻi ua hoʻomaka 'ia e ikeia i kakahiaka nui me ka manawa au o Kamepelika University. A i ka makahiki 1963, i ka loaa ole iaʻike, heʻano he kanaka opiopio - amyotrophic kīloi paʻewa sclerosis (ALS).

He aha ka ALS?

He He maʻi mai o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana, a lohi progresses. Ua Ua wehewehe aku ma lesions o ka cortex a me ka brainstem, a me spinalʻaha neurons kuleana no ka neʻe. E hoomanawanui i hoʻomōhala lōlō, a laila, atrophy o nāʻiʻo.

Ma Europa, i ka maʻi Stephen Hawking no ka lōʻihi manawa e e kapaʻia i loko o ka hanohano o ke nä känaka 'epekema Charcot, ka mea i ho'ākāka' ia ma nā symptoms ma ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia. Ma ka US, ka maʻi ua pinepine haawiia i like Goering ka maʻi ma ka hoomanao ana i ka kaulana basketball pôpeku i make o ALS.

Amyotrophic kīloi paʻewa sclerosis - mea pohihihi keia maʻi. O ka 100 tausani kanaka ka mea, e ae mai kekahi i ka elima. Loa pinepine, kanaka e maʻi mai ka 40 a hiki i 50 makahiki. Stephen Hawking ka maʻi, nā kumu o ka a i ike ole ia, he mea i hoolaia. 'Epekema nō hiki i maopopo ke kumu holo make ana o nā aʻalolo keena. Nā kūpuna mai Radio he kūlana ma kahi o 10% o ka hihia.

Naʻe, i loko o ke kakahiaka nui 2000s, ua? Aaei noiʻi i ALS ua pili me ka hoʻomāhuahua i loko o ka lolo neurotransmitter nā lātoma. Kekahi hoike paipai i ka maʻi e hoʻomōhala ana i aie i ka excessive glutamicʻakika, ke kumu neurons e hana i piha nona iho, a no laila, koke make. Currently ka mea, ua 'Imi huli i nā'ōewe kuleana no ka hooulu ana i amyotrophic kīloi paʻewa sclerosis. Pela hoi, aole i haawiia mai ka mea e nui hana lāʻau loaʻa mai i kēia maʻi, ia mea o ka 100% ka palaho.

Symptoms a me ka ihu o ka maʻi

Stephen Hawking ka maʻi, nona symptoms e hoopuni i hookahuli ai i ke ano o kekahi, pilikia emi maʻi, ka loa insidious. Mua, ke kanaka Kahalaopuna māmā Muscle kāna hana (loa pinepine i ka lima). Kēia i ka lewa i loko o ka pilikia, e like me ka palapala, buttoning, lawe liʻiliʻi 'ikamu.

Once ka maʻi hoʻomaka e holomua, a ma ke kaʻina hana o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka make Hawaii neurons o ka spinal, a me ka ia, a me na hapa o ka lolo i ka pāʻana, no ka naau ka neʻe 'ana. E like me ka hopena, oi a oi Muscle mea i holo ole ka loaa ana impulses mai o ka lolo.

Amyotrophic kīloi paʻewa sclerosis, loaa ae nei i kona inoa, no ka mea neurons e alakai ae impulses i na nāʻiʻo o ke kino aia ma na aoao a pau o ka spinal kaula.

Muli o kona kulana pinepine i loko o nā kuʻina kakahiaka o ka maʻi i pilikia me ka olelo a me ka moni 'ia. Ma nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao ma hope o ke kanaka lā devoid o ke kalepa, ke kanaka haalele i kona lehalehu t olelo, olelo Muscle atrophy, malaila ua drooling. Eia naʻe, i eha, mea, aole ia i haha aku.

Stephen Hawking ka maʻi naʻe weliweli, no ka mea, i aku la ia ia lolo, akā, 'aʻole i hoopilikia i ka noʻonoʻo' keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Hoomanao ana, ka lohe ana, hihio, ike paka, cognitive lolo oihana koe ua hoʻololiʻia.

He aha ka ke kumu o ka make i loko o ALS hoʻomanawanui iki mai?

Ma nā kuʻina hope ana o ka maʻi atrophy a me ka ÷ naehana hanu nāʻiʻo, no laila, i ke kanaka hiki ole hanu. 'Oiai, he mea no hoi ia i ua ole i ke kino i maopopo immobilized, akā, oki na nāʻiʻo i ka pae'āina ma ka hanu' ana, e ho'āʻo.

Stephen Hawking ka ola me ALS

I loko nō o kaʻike, weliweli, Setepano hoʻomauʻeleu ola. Naʻe, i ka symptoms i lakou i manao ai. A ma hope ka mea hōʻemi Hawking hele aku la i ka haukapila no ka hookolokolo, ma kahi i hai mai la oia i ka weliweli kūkala nūhou i kona noho hou ma mua o nā makahiki. Ma hope iho o kēia nūhou, ina ua haule kela kanaka keia kanaka i loko o ke kaumaha, ua i koe, a ia Setepano. Akā, i ka make wai no ke ola i lanakila, a hoomaka ae la oia e kākau i kona hoʻi. Hawking anapu ike ia he mea no manawa mea kālā makepono, i kekahi mea pono no ke ao nei e hana.

Stephen Hawking ka maʻi i ole e hiki ia ia i ka 1965 no ka mare Jane Wilde, nae, i kona ahaaina mare, ua hele mai la ia me ka kō. Kana wahine, ua ike e pili ana i kaʻike, weliweli, akā, ua hoʻoholo ihola i hoʻolaʻaʻia lā i kona handpicked a pau ke ola lawe malama ana ia ia, i kona hiki hana productively, komo i loko o 'epekema hana. Together ka mea, o ka oi ma mua o 20 makahiki, mare me na keiki ekolu hanau. Mahalo i Dzheyn Stiven mau hoʻomaʻamaʻa, a hiki i ka hapalua o lōlō.

Akā, e noho me kekahi kanaka e loaa ana mai ka ALS, ia mea loa paʻakikī. No laila, i loko o ka kakahiaka nui 90s ka hui i hemo. Naʻe Hawking Ua koe wale no ka lōʻihi. He mare ia i kahu nona. Ka mare he 11 makahiki.

ʻepekema hana

Stephen Hawking, ka maʻi e i holo me kona 'epekema' oihana, kokua aku la oia i kona ia hoʻi i ka 1966, aʻaʻole i nā kēia makahiki neʻe me ke kō, a 'oaʻiʻo. Ma hope o ka holomua iho, hoomaka ae la oia e hana ma Kamepelika College Gonville a Caius like me ka noiʻi.

E hoʻohana i ka noho huila mai 1970 i, akā, ma muli naʻe o keia, ma waena o 1973 a me ka 1879 Hawking hana ma ke Kulanui o Kamepelika'āuna kumu o haʻapili Balanced a me kaʻimi naʻauao ke kālaikūlohea, kahi ana i lilo i Kumu i ka makahiki 1977.

Physicist Stiven Hoking mai ka 1965 a hiki i 1970, hana noiʻi ma o ka moku'āina o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa ma o ka Big Ekahi. I ka 1970, ua aʻo i ka kumumanaʻo o kaʻeleʻele lua, au i ua kālaiʻia kekahi mau theories. E like me ka hopena o kona 'epekema hana ,ʻo ia i ka nui na makana i ka cosmology a me ka kilohōkū, e like me ka naauao o ka kumumanaʻo o ka umekaumaha a me ka eleele lua. Mahalo i kona mahina hana Hawking lilo i ka mea nona o ka helu nui o ka hoʻolilo 'ia' a me ka waiwai pio:.

Up a 1974, i ke nä känaka 'epekema hiki i ma luna o lākou iho, a hele mai, a hele aku i kahi moe. Kekahi manawa ma hope maʻi puʻe wale akula kēlā, e imi i ke kōkua o nā haumāna, akā, ma hope, ua, e hoolimalima i ka 'oihana kahu.

Stiven Hoking, e koke nalowale i ka hiki e kākau no ka mea, o ka mea atrophy o na nāʻiʻo o nā lima. E hoʻoponopono i eiiieaena pilikia a me nā helu kaulike, kūkulu, a visualize pakuhi i loko o ka naau. Ia i ae mai, a, ka mea i hoʻomaopopo vocal i hoʻomākaukauʻia o ke nä känaka 'epekema ma ka wale hoapili a me ka poe i pinepine hui' ana me ia. I loko nō o kēia, Stephen dictating akeakamai pepa a me nā haʻi'ōlelo kakauolelo, akā, ka mea, he oiaio, a me ke kōkua o ke kanaka hoʻohālike'ōlelo.

palapala

Ke nä känaka 'epekema hoʻoholo e popularize' epekema, a ma ka makahiki 1980 i hoomaka ai e hana ana ma luna o ka buke, a i ma hope mai "ka manawa pōkole History no Time." Ua wehewehe i ke ano o ka mea, manawa a me ka wa, i ka kumumanaʻo o kaʻeleʻele puka, a me ka Big Ekahi. Ka mea kākau Ke pale eiiieaena makemakika hua'ōlelo a me nā helu kaulike, manao i ka na kanaka e e hoihoi i loko o ka puke. A no laila, e hiki mai ai. Steven a manaʻo nō hoʻi ia i kāna hana e lilo ai mahalo. I ka 2005, Hawking kakau iho la i ka lua o ka puke, a ua haawi aku ia i ka inoa o "A Briefer History no Time." Ua Ua Hoolaa ana i ka mea hou Aey? Acaeoey i loko o ke kula o kaʻimi naʻauao kilohōkū.

Palapala a me ka mea o waho honua hoʻohana i kekahiʻano hana

I ka makahiki 1985, Hawking ano pneumonia. Steven loa Mumule loa iho la no ka mea, o ka mea, hoʻoikaika ihola tracheotomy. Mea e hopohopo nei kānaka, i ho'ōla i nä känaka 'epekema mai ka noho malie. No ka mea,? Ac? He kamepiula polokalamu e leie aku oe, e hoʻohana i ka swipe o ka manamana lima une lōhai e koho i nā hua'ōlelo hoikeia ma ke kanaka hoʻoponopono a me ka hiehie ia i loko o nä hopuna, a ho'ōla hoouna aku ai i ka olelo ana synthesizer. Pü me ka poʻe ma ka 'enehana kamepiula ua nui hou i ke ola ana o ke nä känaka' epekema. Ua mea i ka manawa e unuhi ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka hoanmike hōʻailona nā helu kaulike o ke kālaikūlohea, i i kākau i nā hua'ōlelo. Ano, Steven aʻo kū kaʻawale i ka haʻi'ōlelo, akā, e loaʻa iā ia e hana ma ka mua, a hoouna aku i ka olelo ana synthesizer.

Ma hope o Muscle atrophy loa immobilized lala nä känaka 'epekema welaʻula mīkiniʻimi i hoonoho ia i loko o kona mau makaaniani. Ua apono 'oe e koho i na palapala nana.

ka hopena

I loko nō o kona mea maʻi, Stephen Hawking mea no loa hana i loko o kona 73 makahiki. He makemake e i ka huahua o na mea he nui ola kanaka. He hele pinepine, haawi mai ninaninau a hoʻopaʻahao, kākau puke, ho'āʻo e popularize 'epekema, e kuka no ka wā e hiki mai. Kumu moe uhane i ka huakaʻi ma ka spaceship. ka mea, ua aʻo aku i ka maʻi iā ia,ʻaʻole e minamina ia ia iho, no ka mea, i na mea he nui ia mea,ʻaʻole pēlā maikaʻi. He manaoio i pela lōʻihi noho ma muli o ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hana maikai mālama nā huahana.

Mākou ke olelo aku i ka moʻolelo o Stephen Hawking - mea i kumu hoohalike no ka mea, alahula mau ikaika a me ka makau ole, a i wale kou mau punahele.