Technocracy - ia kekeʻe hoahewa ia manaʻo a me ka poʻe hewa nui o na nā mea e hiki wale mai?

Kālaiʻike o Technology ʻo ia a pau i ka nui kākauʻana ma luna o ka kūlana o oaoieei-intelligentsia mea i loko o ke kumu hoʻohālike o ko i keia la o ka honua. E like ma ka waena o ka hope ke kenekulia, mahalo i waena o 'Oihana no ka manaʻo o ke technocracy, a ua like me kaʻilihune o ka nani loa E hana' ia ma ka 'epekema.

Thorstein Veblen a me kana hana

He aha ka technocracy? A manawa pōkole ka wehewehena o kēia manaʻo hoʻohuʻu ka mana nā kānakaʻenehana, ikeia oia, a hoʻomohala i loko o ka hana o Thorstein Veblen. A hiki i ka mea nui loa ka mea pili ana i ka nohona utopia o kona kilo i kapaia o "nā kānakaʻenehana a me ke kumu kuai nenoaia", paʻi i ka 1921. I kona oe a me ka 'epekema hoʻomalu hana i loko o ka hana o ka holomua ma ka hana a me ka hui, ka mea mau i ke aloha o nā financiers, a puku i ke koʻikoʻi a hanohano kiekie o ke kaiāulu no ka pono. E like me ka manao o Veblen, i ka iwakalua o ke kenekulia, ia ka manawa e lawe pū 'Oihana i loko o ka' ike loea hou a me ke kahua o ka papa kuhikuhiE wahi i loko o ka naauao mana o ke kaiāulu. I ia manawa, i kekahi ke olelo aku i ka technocracy - ka manaʻo e loaʻa i ka pomaikai, olelo Veblen loaʻa i ka ua pane mai Burl, Frisch a me na mea e ae.

Ka muli o technocrats neʻe

I ke kolu o ka makahiki o ka iwakālua kenekulia i loko o ka United States, i ka wa a ke kaiāulu kanaka, i undergoing ka waiwai ka hoʻoponopono ulia, ua he neʻeʻana, me he technocracy. Ka wehewehena o kona polokalamu a me nā loina i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka manaʻo o ka pono nohonaʻano papa hana i ka mea pono pahuhopu nei me ka manaʻo o Veblen. Adherents o technocracy i haʻi mai i ka hiki ana mai hou makahiki, ke kaiāulu kanaka, ma a pau e pono ai e maona, i ka malu ma i nā kānakaʻenehana a me technicians noho alakai kulana. Lakou i hoomakaukau i ka rula o ka oicyenoaaiiie poepoe, me ka crises, i ka pono e auaaeaiea o nā kumu waiwai a me nā nīnūnē.

I ka neʻeʻana i loaa momentum technocrats. Aia ua oi aku mamua o ekolu haneri a papa hana e moe ana i ka hanalima kipi a me ka 'epekema hoʻolālā, pili i ka aina a pau.

Technocracy i loko o ka palapala o Bernheim a me Galbraith

I ka 1941, Dzheyms Bernhaym, he sociologist mai Amerika, paʻi i ka puke "Ka ManagerialʻOiʻenehana." Ma ia mea, ua kūkākūkāʻia i ka technocracy - he maoli laina pili aupuni i loko o kekahi mau aina. He i kekahi mea o ka technocratic kipi no laila, e loli ai hui, mea ole socialism ke hele mai i ka puku capitalism, a me ka "malu o ke ana". Na Makuahine pili i ka waiwai, i loko o ka wa e kaawale aku oʻaʻohe'ē aʻe. Ona a me ka hooponopono ana o ka moku'āina a me ka nui hui i kaawale. Bernheim manaoio i ka waiwai e pili ana i ka noho mana ana, oa man- akia.

Ma ka 60-70-ies o ka manaʻo o ka technocracy? Ac? I loko o nā hana o Dzhona Kenneta Galbraith ka "Economic kumumanaʻo a me ka pahu hopu o ke kaiāulu kanaka," a me "Ke New Lolina State". I Galbraith ka manaʻo ma muli o ka manaʻo o "technostructure", he nohona luna kiʻekiʻe o hoʻomalu ma ka oaoieei-kula, ia mea he "mea nana i hali ka like manao a me ka pāʻoihana."

Ka 'Imi ulu hanalima hui, ka "technostructure" ua lilo increasingly nui,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o aneiai mea, akā, i ka lehulehu hooponopono. Ia mea no keia mea, ua mana kālai'āina e ke kia ma ka technicians ka poe i pili i ka 'ike a me ka' epekema i ka pāʻana i ka lehulehu.

Technocracy - o ka hookumu ana o ka pähola 'o "technotronic ke kaiāulu kanaka," e Zbigniew Bzhezhinskogo a "kia-hanalima ke kaiāulu kanaka," Deniela Bella.

Technocrat Daniel Bell

Daniel Bell - he sociologist a me Kumu ma Harvard, i mea technocratic nā mea kū i ka kālaiʻike. Ma na 60s ia i hoʻolauna i ke kumumanaʻo o ka puka paha-hanalima lehulehu. It Bell hoakaka i ka hihio o ke capitalism loli mai ana ka hopena o ka holomua ma ka 'epekema a me ka' ike loea, kona huli ana i loko o ka hou'ōnaehana, a makemake e okoa mai ka hanalima ke kaiāulu kanaka, a me ka makemake e hookuu ia mai kona paradoxes.

Noʻonoʻo loi technocratic nā loina

technocrats Time] he ike maopopo no ka lōʻihi manawa ua loa ma ka kanalua. Ma ka lua o ka hapalua o ka iwakalua kenekulia, ia ka manawa i kahaha ko oukou naau discoveries, e māhuahua productivity a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ola mau hae ma na aina. A me ka 'oluʻolu keʻano o ka hanaʻana,ʻanoʻenehana holomua i alakai ai i ka hoʻoikaika' ana i o ka nui ioʻike manaʻo i waiho kanaka ola ma kamepiula. Noʻonoʻo loi o technocracy, idealized ka manaʻolana 'ia hoikeia i loko o ke koho ana o na hana o ke akamai, i ka loaʻa o a me ka dystopia: "Utopia 14" Karl Vonnegut, "Fahrenheit 451," Ray Bradbury "," koa New World "ma Aldous Huxley," 1984 "ma George Orwell mea e ae, kēia mau hana i ka hoʻoweliweli 'ana i manaʻo kanaka, e hoahewa ana totalitarian malu o technocrats, ma a ka gnoblenie ku okoa ana a me ka individuality kokua ulu' epekema a me ka 'ike loea.

I-lā nānā i ka technocracy

I kēia lā poe akeakamai manaoia technocracy pilikia e like me kekahi o ka loa ka manaʻo. O ka poe i hoohewa mai technocratic kumu paa manaoio ia akeakamai, mākaukau me ka pono, a me ka philosophical loio, sociological a me nā paepae kahua Pahuhopu makemake i ka ke kaiāulu kanaka, i technocracy Mālama i - he naaupo aoao o ke? Acaeoey.