The Great Patriotic War: na kapuai o ke kaua

The Great Patriotic War, nāʻanuʻu i ke noonoo i loko o keia 'atikala - o kekahi o ka loa paʻakikī mōʻaukala na pilikia e hiki mai i ka Ukrainians, Lūkini, Belarusians a me nā kānaka e noho ana i loko o ka Soviet Union. Mau 1.418 lā a me ka po mau loa noho ma ka mōʻaukala me ka loa koko a me ka hana ino manawa.

O ka papa kuhikuhi kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka Great Patriotic War

Periodization o ka Apana World War hanana hiki ke i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o keʻano o nā hanana likeʻole e hiki i ke alo. Ma kekahi mau manawa o ke kaua, ke Initiative no a hiki i kaʻokoʻa poe koa.
Kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ke Kaua Honua II, ka hapanui moʻolelo lāliʻi like penei:

• mai June 22 a hiki i November 18, 1941 (pae 1 o ka Great Patriotic War);
• mai ka 19 Nowemapa 1941, a hiki i ka hopena o ka 1943 (pae 2 o ka Great Patriotic War);
• mai Ianuari makahiki 1944 a hiki i May 1945 (3rd kahua o ka Great Patriotic War).

The Great Patriotic War: na manawa

Kēlā me kēia no ka Great Patriotic War i kona mau ano, a hai aku i ka mau o ka kaua, ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka houʻano o nā mea kaua, a me ka pomaikai o kekahi o ka poe koa. I makemake makemake e kamailio e pili ana i ke kuʻina o ka Great Patriotic Kaua pokole mua.

• I ka loiloi mua pae ana o ke kaua i wehewehe aku e ka piha Initiative o Nazi hao wale. Iloko o keia manawa, Hitler ka poe kaua ua hoopau ai i ke ku Belarus, Ukraine, a aneane hiki Moscow. Ke Soviet kaua, o ka papa, a hiki i ka mea maikaʻi o ko lākou hiki Oni, akā, mau auhee. Nui ka pomaikai o ka Red Army i ia manawa i ka lanakila no Moscow. Akā, me ka mau, o ka Kelemānia kūpono 'hoomauia. ua hiki ke lawe na mea he nui o ka Caucasus, ua iho mai aneane i kaʻiʻo nō o kēia mokuna o Chechnya, Grozny ka mea, akā, nele, e lawe i ka Nazis. Nui kaua ma hapalua like-1942 i wahi ma luna o ka Crimean alo. Ke kahua 1 i pau ai ke kaua o Stalingrad.
• Ka lua o ke kahua o ka Great Patriotic War, ke Army Red lawe mai i ka lanakila. Ma hope o ka lanakila ma Stalingrad, i ka poe kaua o Paulo Soviet poʻe hao wale loaa maikaʻi rula no ka liberation kūpono '. Ka uhaʻiʻana o ka Hoʻonani o Leningrad, ke kaua o Kursk a me ka mau hoouka ma luna o nā mea a pau fronts i ka manawa i mea akaka ia Hitler ka poe koa e kokoke ina paha he hope lilo aku i ke kaua.
• I ka wā hope loa o ke kaua i ka Red Army i ke kūpono 'hoomauia. Ke kaua i wahi mua i loko o ka lepo i loko o ka Ukraine, a Belarus. Kēia manawa i wehewehe aku e ka e holumua ai mua o ke Kaiʻula Army a hiki i ke komohana, a me ka inaina ia'ku o kaʻenemi. 'O kēia ka hope ke kahua ma ka Apana World War i pau ai i loko o ka lanakila ma luna o ka enemi.

Kumu o ke Kaua Honua II i ka na periodization

Kuʻina o ka Great Patriotic War, a he oiaio, ua kona kumu a me ka welau, ia ia e kekahi kī hanana, kaua, a komo aku la i ka mōʻaukala o ko ke ao nei. Ka loihi o ka mua wā o ke kaua. Nā kumu no kēia mea like penei:

• ka haohao hoouka o kaʻenemi;
• maluna nuipa a hao wale ma luna o ka alo me ka nui loa aole i lalau mai nā panalāʻau e;
• i ka wa e kaawale aku o ka puu o ka hana o ke kaua i loko o ka Soviet kaua;
• transcendence o ka poe kaua Kelemānia i loko o ka oaoieei-lako a pan.

Hooki i ka mua o kaʻenemi loa e hoʻokele wale ma ka hope o 1942. Ke kumu nui no ka pomaikai o ka Red Army i loko o ka lua o ka wā o ke kaua hiki ke noonoo.

• ka heroism o Soviet koa;
• ka superiority o ka helu o Red Army ma o kaʻenemi;
• Holomua loa ai kākou Soviet kaua i loko o oaoieei-hua'ōlelo (ka muli o hou poʻina nalu a me Anati-mokulele nā mea hoʻonoho, etc.).

Ke kolu o ke kahua o ke kaua i kekahi lā lōʻihi. I ka papa kuhikuhiE hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o ka 2nd a me 3rd kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o koa ana e ku ei ka Kelemānia fascist koa poe i ka mea i loko o ka makahiki 1944, ka epicenter o hostilities hohola mai Rusia a hiki i Ukraine a me Belarus, i ua Hahai I neʻeʻana i ke komohana. Ka hope loa ke kahua o ka Great Patriotic War ana oi ma mua o ka makahiki, no ka mea, o ka spacecraft ua e hookuu i ka pau ana o Ukraine, a Belarus, e like me ka'āina o ka Hawaiian Eulopa.

ke kaua 1941

I ka 1941, i ke kulana o ka Soviet Union, i ua ua hoʻokoʻikoʻiʻia, ua paʻakikī loa. Ka mua hoouka ana o infantry a me motorized māhele Nazi koa i ae Belarus a me Lithuania. Lune 22, hoomaka ae la i ka pale o ka Brest pā kaua. Na Nazis manaʻo nō hoʻi i kekahi, i kēia outpost ka nui ma mua o ka mea, pomaikai ae la lakou. Kekahi mau lā o ka wela hakaka, a me ka hoihoi hope loa o Brest i wale 20 July 1941. ¶ A i loko o ia mau lā, me ka hoʻokikina i na kēia kanaka Kelemānia ma ke ala e hiki aku o Siauliai a me Grodno. Ia mea ke kumu o ka June 23-25, USSR koa neʻe i loko o kēia mau kuhikuhi i ke kūpono '.

Nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao mua o ka Great Patriotic Kaua i ka 1941 hōʻike i ka hana me kaʻenemi me ka hele Red Army hiki ole. No laila, nui i ka hae o ka Nazis! Pehea i ka hee i loko o ka mahina mua o ke kaua? Ua hala me kēia ho'āla kaua. Nō hoʻi, i ka poʻe kaua kime, a me ka Communists, e hoʻonui loa e ola paʻakikī no ka enemi e ke olonā wāwae o ka aeuiiai ieaia? Iauaeoia i ole e evacuated hiki i ka palekana wahi. Ikaika Army ia'ku i pili i ka pono, e evacuate ma ka hope e nui no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka aina.

Mawaena o ka mea nui loa kaua i ka 1941 ia mea kumukuai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ka Kiev kūlana hana, a mau ae la ia mai ka 7 Iulai a hiki i Sepatemaba 26, a me ke kaua no ka Moscow (30 September 1941 - April 1942). I nui ka kūlana i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ke Kaua Honua II i haawi ai i ka hoomalu ana o Odessa , a me ka heroism o Soviet luina.

1942 ma ka World War II moʻolelo

I ka loiloi mua ke kahua o ka Great Patriotic War hoike Hitler i ka Soviet poe koa e eo ai ia,ʻaʻole pono e loaa ia. 'Aʻole hookomo i loko o ka nohoʻana o kona KUMUMANAʻO NUI Pahuhopu e paʻa Moscow mamua o ka hooilo 1941. Prior i May 1942 hele aku ma luna o kekahi mau kūpono 'ana o ka Soviet poʻe hao wale, a hoomaka ae la ia me ka December 1941 ma Moscow. Akā, i kēia kaua i pani ma ka Nazis ma ka Kharkov bridgehead, kahi i kekahi pūʻulu nui o ka poʻe hao wale i ua hoopuniia lakou, a lilo i ka kaua.

Ma hope o ia, ke Kelemānia koa a hemo i kūpono ', no laila hoʻi i ka Soviet koa, ua, e hoomanao i ke kūlana pale hana. Hitler ike i ka mea makemake e loa ka hoʻopio Moscow, no laila, i ka brunt o ke kulanakauhale, hoouna ka symbolic inoa Stalingrad.

No hoi ua ia hana kūpono 'fascists wahi ma luna o ka Crimean bridgehead. Hoomalu o Sevastopol ana a July 4, 1942. Mai Iulai a hiki i Nowemapa i ka hana kūlana pale hana alakai i ka Red Army ma Stalingrad a me ka Caucasus. Hoomalu o Stalingrad komo i nā moʻolelo o ka mōʻaukala me ka laʻana o ka heroism a me ka invincibility o Soviet koa. Ua luku i ke kulanakauhale loa oia ia ia iho, ola he mau hale, akā, no ka Nazis poe i hiki ke lawe ia. 1 ke kahua o ka Great Patriotic War Ua lanakila 'o ia ma ka SC ma Stalingrad a me ka hoʻomaka o ka Soviet kūpono'. Oiai kekahi nāʻoihana nō e hele ana ma luna iho, akā, i ka haliu ae la ia wahi i loko o ke kaua anoʻaneʻi.

Ka lua o ke kahua o ka Great Patriotic War

Kēia manawa mau ae la ia no ka aneane he makahiki. O ka holo ana, hoi, ua nui ka pilikia i ka 1943, akā, i loko o ka nui mua o ko mākou poʻe kaua ole hou hiki ke hooki aku. Kekahi manawa, i ka Nazis neʻe i hoouka i loko o kekahi mau mea, akā, i ka Great Patriotic War, ke kuʻina, i ke kaua a mākou i kēia manawa noonoo, hoʻoneʻe i ka moku'āina ia mea, ua maopopo ia Germany makemake e ho'ōla lilo aku i ke kaua.

"Alii" hana i pau ma Pepeluali 2, 1943. Poe kaua o General Paulo i hoʻopuni. January 18 keia makahiki, ua hiki i ka hope, mai hemo mai ka blockade o Leningrad. Kēia mau lā, ke Army Red hemo aku i kūpono 'ana ma o ka olelo o Voronezh a me Kaluga. Voronezh Ua loaa hou mai o kaʻenemi ma 25 Ianuali. Ke kūpono 'hoʻomau ma. Ma Pepeluali 1943, a noho'ōleloʻole Voroshilovgrad kūpono '. Ke kiʻekiʻe, ka mea Army Red hele i ka liberation o Ukraine, eia nae ole a pau o ke kulanakauhale, i kipakuʻia ka Nazis. March 1943 hookuu hoomanao Vyazma a me ka poe koa loan-kūpono 'ana o Hitler i loko o ka Donbas. Mākou poʻe hao wale e ho'ōla Makuakane me keia kaua, akā, no ka Nazis e hoʻokele ai i kekahi mau mea lawelawe alaplpa i ka mua o ka poʻe hao wale Soviet hohonu i loko o ka Ukraine. E kaua ana ma keia bridgehead ana oi ma mua o ka mahina. Ma hope o ia, ke kumu nui pulakaumaka o ke kaua ua hoolilo ia Kuban no ka mea, no ka mea holomua paipai 'ma ke West Pono e e kuuia, mai kaʻenemi wahi Krasnodar a me Stavropol wahi. Hana kaua ma keia wahi no ua kokoke ekolu mahina. Ke kūpono 'Ua huikau e ka koke ana o na mauna a me ka hana ma ka enemi mokulele.

I ka lua o ka hapalua o ka 1943

Ma ka mōʻaukala o ka Apana o ke Kaua Honua ma July 1943 ia ihola ke kumu. I loko o kēia wā, he 2 loa nui hanana. German akamai hiki ke lohe e pili ana i ka pōʻino e hiki mai nui kūpono 'ana o ka Soviet hao wale. Akā, ia ia i ike pono i kahi e, e hoouka mai lakou la. O ka holo ana, i ke kula kiʻekiʻe 'Soviet koa luna aupuni ike i Kelemānia kiu ke hoʻohana i ka nui spacecraft kanu'ōiwi (e like me Soviet ma Germany), no laila, i ka i kā mākou ia i loko o ka papa o ka misinformation. July 5 He kaua o Kursk. Ka Nazis manaʻolana i ka lanakila keia kaua, ka mea, e hou hele ma ke kūpono '. Ae, ka mea hiki māhunehune hoʻoneʻe, akā, ma ka mau, ke kaua ua i lanakila, no laila, i loko o ka 20 lā o Iulai 1943 i ka lua o ke kahua o ka Great Patriotic Kaua ma kona piko e like ai. A me ka aha i ka lua o ka nui kekahi hanana? Mai poina i kekahi kaua ma Prokhorovka? Ma ke kula kokoke i keia kulanakauhale ia ua hana hoʻokipa i ka nui loa i ka manawa pahu kaua mea i haʻalele i ka Soviet Union.

E hoʻomaka ana mai August 1943 a hiki i ka hooilo o 1943 / ka makahiki 1944 i ka. Ka Red Army liberatesʻano nui Ukrainian kulanakauhale. Ka mea, ua nui loa paʻakikī e hoʻolilo i kaʻenemi i loko o ka Kharkov wahi, akā, i ke kakahiaka o August 23, 1943 Soviet koa e hoʻokele e komo i loko o ke kūlanakauhale. A laila au e hele ai i ka moʻo o exemptions Ukrainian kulanakauhale. Ma September 1943, i ka spacecraft komo i ka Donetsk, Poltava, Kremenchug, Sumy. I October mākou poʻe hao wale hookuuia Dnipropetrovsk, Dnipropetrovsk, Melitopol a me 'ē aʻe a puni mau kulanahale.

Kaua no Kyiv

Kiev i kekahi o kekahi mau strategically nui na kulanakauhale o ka USSR. I ke kūlanakauhale o ka heluna kanaka ma mua o ka kaua i hele mai i 1 miliona. Man. Iloko o na makahiki o ka Apana World War, ka mea, ua ua hoʻemi ma ka Elima oʻu hahau ana. Akā,'ānō, i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea. Red Army he lōʻihi manawa e hoomakaukau ana no ka hopu ana o Kiev, no ka mea, i kēia kūlanakauhale i kekahi loa nui no ka Nazis. No ka mea hopu o Kiev i i kela kapa o ka Dnieper. Kaua no o ka muliwai, o ka hōʻailona o Ukraine, hoomaka ae la September 22. Hahau ala meaʻelemakule, he nui wale o ko mākou mau koa i make. Ma October, kauoha? Oaony e ho'āʻo i ka lawe Kiev. Ka loa pono no keia ua Bukrinsky bridgehead. Akā, i kēia mau mea kuka la ia mea a hiki i na kēia kanaka Kelemānia, no laila, hoolei iho la lakou i ka nui ikaika 'aneʻi. Kiev lawe Bukrin bridgehead lilo i mea hiki. Ko makou manao ua loaa i ka hana, e imi i kekahi wahi, e hoouka aku i ka enemi. Ua huli mai e ia i ka loa a pau e pono Lyutezhsky foothold, akā, e hoʻohiolo ia poʻe hao wale ua technically loa paʻakikī. No ka mea, Kiev i, e lawe mua o ka aʻe lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka Nowemapa 7, ke kauoha kaua o Kiev ua hoʻoholo ihola e hoʻohiolo ia kona poʻe kaua, mai Bukrin ma Lyutezhsky bridgehead. I ka ike maopopo keia manao maopopo i i manaoio ole i kekahi mea no ka mea aʻu i unbeknownst i ka enemi, ma lalo o uhi o ka po, papalua i kela kapa o ka Dnieper, a kipaku lōʻihi mamao ma luna o ka'āina. O ka ihu, he wahi lihi iki o ka poho i ae spacecraft, akā, i loko o kaʻokoʻa ala, e lawe Kiev ua hiki ole i. Kēia papa o Soviet koa alakaʻiʻana. Red Army hoʻokele e kiʻi iā Kiev ma ke kakahiaka November 6, 1943. A me ke kaua no ka Dnieper i loko o nā nāʻoihana o ka alo ana kokoke a ka pauʻana o ka makahiki. Me KA lanakila ma keia kaua ana i ke kahua mua o ka Nui Patriotic War.

Ke kaua i loko o ka 1944- 1945 biennium.

Ka hope loa ke kahua o ka Great Patriotic War hoomaka me ka Kirovograd kūpono '. January 8 Kirovograd kulanakauhale i hookuuia. ¶ A i loko o January, ka Soviet koa ana mālama 'ia he kūpono' i loko o ka Korsun-Shevchenko Apana (Cherkasy māhele o Ukraine), a oae? A aneane loa hookuuia Kiev a me Zhitomir māhele 'āina.

I ka hope loa kahua o ke Kaua Honua II i i hiki wale nō i ke aloha i ka heroism o ko mākou mau koa. Ma ka hapa mua o ka makahiki 1944 ka mea i hookuu ia kokoke i ka Maikaʻi-Bank Ukraine, a me ka Crimea. Ke kahua hope o ke Kaua Honua II i waeʻia e kekahi o ka mea nui i loko o nā makahiki a pau o kaua i ka hoouka kaua ana o ka Red Army. Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i Proskurov-Bukovina a me uman-botoşani kūpono ', i culminated ma ka hope o Aperila makahiki 1944. ʻaneʻane i ka ?? eoi? Holoʻokoʻa o Ukraine me ka pau 'ana o kēia mau hana i ua hookuu, i ka hoihoi hou ana o ke Aupuni Lepupalika ma hope o ka a no ka maluhiluhi kaua.

Red Army i loko o nā kaua no na palena o ka USSR

The Great Patriotic War, i nāʻanuʻu a mākou e noonoo i keia la, ua hele mai ana i kona Logical ka hopena. Mai April makahiki 1944, Soviet lākou poʻe kaua lohi hoʻomaka e pau ka i ka Nazis i loko o ka mokuna o ia ma ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ke kaua, he lākou allies (e like Romania). Kekahi hana hostilities i wahi ma Polish ?? eoi?. I ka makahiki 1944, he nui hanana a pau ma luna o ka lua o ka alo. A lohe o Germany ka pio lilo inevitable, ke kaua hou 'Imi komo allies o ka USSR Anati-Hitlerʻahahui. Kaua ma Helene, Sicily, kokoke i ka Mariana Islands, ma Asia - ka mea, i nā mea a pau hoʻomōhala i lanakila ka Anati-Hitlerʻahahui i loko o ke kaua e kū'ē i fascism.

3 kuʻina o ka Great Patriotic War i pau ai May 9, 1945. Ia ia lā, i nā lāhui kanaka a pau o ka mea kahiko Soviet Union hoʻolauleʻa ai i ka Holiday nui - A ia la aku Day.

Hopena o ka Great Patriotic War

The Great Patriotic War, a na kuʻina o ke kaua, he loa Logical, i pau ai aneane 4 makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻomaka 'ana. Ua ua nui hou brutal a me ka hi ma mua o ka First World War, i pau ai i ka 1918.

Nā hopena hiki ke maheleia i loko o 3 pūʻulu: hoʻokele waiwai, ka manaʻo politika a me ka yoiia?. Ma nā panalāʻau e noho ana i noho, luku aku i ka hailona o ka poʻe. Part o nā mea kanu a me nā hale hana i evacuated a hele mai nā mea a pau hoʻi. Ma hua'ōlelo o ke kulekele maoli hoʻololi i ka pau'ōnaehana o ke ola i loko o ke ao nei, ka mea i hana hou mau kihi. Ua kukulu iho la i ka hou e malu'ōnaehana maʻEulopa a me nā hualoaʻa a. New un Ua lilo ka guarantor o ka maluhia. Iloko o ke kaua, ua make i ka hailona ana o kanaka, pela no ka mea, ua pono e hoʻihoʻi aku i ka heluna kanaka.

O ka papa kuhikuhi kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka Great Patriotic War, a he ekolu, hoike mai ia i ka lanakila ia i ka nui aina e like me ka Soviet Union, he mea hiki ole. Ka moku'āina ua ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pukaʻana mai o ka ulia, e kūkulu hou. Ma na aoao, ka kokololio loaa o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka USSR aie i ka'ōlohe wiwo hooikaika o na kanaka.