VL10, locomotive loli: ki'i, wehewehe, pono

VL10 - ka locomotive DC, i hana'ia ma ka USSR, i mana'o'ia no ka ukana a me ka lawe wa'a. Hana'ia ma nā locomotives Tbilisi a me Novocherkassk mai ka makahiki 1961 a hiki i 1977. Ua loa'a ka inoa "VL" locomotive hili no ka mahalo'ana iā Vladimir Lenin, a'o ka hua'ōlelo "10" ke'ano o kona'ano. Mai ka makahiki o ka makahiki 1970, ua lilo ka VL10 i ka locomotive hili ukali o nā alanui ka'a o USSR. Eia kekahi,'o ia ka papahana nui loa i loko o kāna papa a lilo i kumu no nā mana hou o VL11 a me VL12. Ma kēia'atikala, e no'ono'o kākou i ka mea o kahi locomotive hili VL10 a me kona mo'olelo.

'O ke kūlana mua

Pau nā locomotives loli o ka model VL8 i ka ho'omaka'ana o nā makahiki 1970 i ka ho'okō'ana i nā koi mau e ulu mau ana o ka moku hana Alanui o ka USSR. He mau lā'au ikaika'ole ia (525 kW ka mana wale nō), hiki i ka ho'omaha'ana o ka puna wai, nā ka'a kaumaha, a me ka hale malo'o.

'O ka lā 9 o Pepeluali, 1960 i'āpono'ia e ke'ano'oihana loea no ka ho'olālā'ana i kahi locomotive hou. Ua ho'olālā'ia kēia papahana e nā mea ho'olālā o kahi'oihana ho'olālā kūikawā ma ka hale locomotive o Tbilisi. I ka pau'ana o 1960, ua waiho'ia kēia papahana i ka IPU no ka loiloi. 'O ka ho'oku'u'ana i ke'ano o ka papahana mua i ho'oka'ina'ia e like me ka 40 o ka makahiki o ka ho'okumu'ia'ana o ka mana ma ke aupuni i Georgia. 'O ka manawa kēia e no'ono'o i ke kūkulu'ana i kahi VL10 locomotive uila.

Māhele hana

'O ka locomotive uila he'elua'āpana o ka'āpana,'o kēlā me kēia mahele o ia mau mea i kāko'o'ia e nā hui'elua a me nā papa hana'eha'ehā. Ua ho'ohana'ia ke ki'iku'u kino e ho'ololi i ka ho'okalakupua a me nā mana hana. I kēlā me kēia māhele, ua ho'okomo'ia nā'ano mechanic a pau a me nā pono kīwila. Mai ka'ao'ao ka'a o ka mea ka'a, ua loa'a i ke kino kekahi pahuhopu pono CA-3, a no ka ho'ohui'ana i nā māhele i ho'ohana'ia ke'ano o ke'ano e like me ke'ano TE2.

Ka nui o nā'ano o ka locomotive:

1. 'O 32.04 m ka lō'ihi.
2. 'O ka ki'eki'e o ke axis coupler automatic from the railhead is 1060 mm (plus or less 20 mm, e like me ke'ano o ka band).
3. 'O ka wili o ka huila he 1260 mm.
4. 'O ka li'ili'i li'ili'i loa ma ka holomāmā o 10 km / h he 125 m.

'O ka helu holo'oko'a holo'oko'a o ka ho'omaha o ka puna wai 111 mm. 63 o lākou e hā'ule i ka'ao'ao o ka'ao'ao'ōmole cylindrical, a me 48 - ma nā kahawai punawai cylindrical o nā ka'a. Ho'oku'u'ia ka ikaika huki mai ke kī o ke ka'a i ke kino ma o nā pūpū kau. Hana'ia nā pūkuniahi me nā hāmole hae. Ho'opili'ia ka'ili a hana'ili paha i ke kumu o ke ka'a ma waena o nā pāpale i ho'olako'ia me nā'āpana kila.

No ka ho'okō'ana i nā vibrations a me nā hili'ana o ke kino ma waena o ke kumu o ke ka'a a me nā pahu, ua ho'okomo'ia nā friction, a ma waena o ke kī o ke ka'a a me nā mea ho'olā'au uila uila. 'O ka ho'ohālikelike'ana i ka locomotive VL10 he mea nui ia i ka hiki'ana o kahi pū'ali anti-ho'oku'u'ia e pale ana i nā hui'elua hui mua mai ka ho'okae'ana mai ke kumu hopena.

'O ka ulu lā'au

Lawe'ia ka mea lawe i kēia manawa mai ka pūnaewele'ike e kahi mea'enehi'o T-5M1 i kēia manawa, aia ma ka pau'ana o kēlā me kēia o nā māhele'elua. Mahele o ka mahele i'ekolu māhele. Ma kona po'o, he hale noho. Ma hope o ia VVK (kahi ki'eki'e voltage), i pa'a i ka pā'ana ma nā pā pā. Ke ho'oki'eki'e'ia ka pu'upu'u, e ho'opili'ia i ka pa o ka paina i ka pani pani. Aia ka huelo o ka locomotive kahi lumi pūnaewele.

Ma VVK kokoke i nā ho'ololi a me nā palekana o ka māhele: aia ke kīkēkē, ka ho'ohuli, nā mea kelepona (laina line, rheostatic, ka wikiwiki a me ka pale'ana), ka relay of boxing and so on.

'O ka mahele mua a me ka'elua ua ho'oka'awale'ia ma waena o nā ke'ena ki'eki'e-voltage. Ma ka VVK o ka māhele mua, aia ka mea wikiwiki nui BV-1, ka mea e pale ai i ka motika traction, a me ke kī e ho'ololi i nā'ano hiina o nā paukū. Ma ka VVK o ka māhele'elua o ka BV-2 mālama ia i nā mīkini pilikino, a'o ka pākēiho ke ho'ololi i ka wikiwiki o nā mea ho'oili. Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau'oko'a ma luna o ka paukū ma nā māhele. Eia kekahi la'ana, kahi kikola pūnaewele a me kahi speedometer recording o kahi wale nō ma kahi māhele o ka VL10.

'O ka locomotive uila he'ekolu mau mīkini kōkua ma ke ke'ena pū ka'a. 'O ka mea nui,'o ia ka mea ka'a. 'O ka pūnaewele kahi pu'upu'u lawe nui, volfugal fan (ho'oma'ema'e i ka VVK a me ke motua traction) a me kahi generator generator (ho'ohana i nā mea lawelawe kukui e kū nei a me ke kaula o ka lol VV 10). Hiki ke ho'ohui'ia nā motuka o nā ka'a ma ke'ano wikiwiki i ke ki'ina, a ma ke'ano ka lō'ihi - ma ke'ano like'ole.

No ka ho'olako'ana i ka mīkini i ke ea me ka makani'eha, ua ho'olako'ia iā ia me ka mea ho'oili pū. Aia kekahi pahi e like me kahi motokomo motokō, a me kahi mea palekolima KT-6. Pono pono ka ea'elepona no: ka pūnaewele hō'alo a me ke ka'a holo'oko'a, nā mea ho'opili pneumatic, ke kāohi'ana o ka lumi voltage, nā wipaka makani a me nā hō'ailona leo. Ho'opili'ia ka pu'upu'u o kahi locomotive elekame VL 10 i ka mīkini pololei, me ka'ole o ka mea ho'emi. No laila,'a'ole e hiki i ka ka'a ke ho'okalakino iā ia iho. No ka ho'onalili'ana, ua hā'awi'ia ka makani mai ka mea ho'okele pua.

'O ka ho'okomo'ana i nā makani windo o ka motua traction i loko o ka mode freking up frequentation e kau'ia ma o kahi mea ho'ohuli i loko o ka ho'ohana me ka voltage voltage a me kekahi pūnaewele kaiapuni. 'O ka manawa'oi o ka pūnaewele he 800 ampres. Ma luna o ka mea ho'onaninani kahi holo kalaika e ho'ohuli i ka mīkini i ka hopena o ka ho'onui'ana i ka holo wikiwiki. 'O ka hau'oli o ka pūnaewele mai ka pakuhi i ka hopena. Ma ka ho'ouka'ana i ka poho lima o ka mea ho'opili iā'oe, hiki i ka mea ho'ohana ke ho'oemi i ke kū'ē o ke kū'ē. I ka manawa like, pi'i ka volta i hana'ia e ka mea converter, e like me ka voltage o ka motic traction, a me ka ikaika hana.

Ua'ae'ia ka locomotive uila e hana ma kahi ki'eki'e o 1200 mika ma mua a'e o ka'ilikai. Hiki ke ho'omoe'ia ka mana hana ma nā hono a pau. 'O ka hana ma ka pūnaewele o SMET (ke'ano o nā telemechanical units) i loa'a wale i ka makahiki 1983, i ka wā i ho'onui'ia ai ka locomotive hiko.

'O ka mana o ka mīkini ka'a uila (TED) ke'ano o ka TL-2 me ka ho'oku'u'ana i ke axial suspension, he 650 kW ka mana. Ua lawe'ia ke ka'a o ka locomotive VL10 me 6 mau po'o a me 6 mau pola hou. 'O nā'ano like'ole o ka mana mana e like me ka pūpū o ke engine, ka pale pale, ka mea ho'olālā, ka mea hao a me ka mea li'ili'i, ua ho'ohui'ia me ka TED o ka locomotive hili VL60.

'O ka circuitry Power, e pili kokoke ana i ka ho'olālā i ka'āpana o ka VL8 locomotive eletise, e'ae i'ekolu mau koho no ka ho'ohui'ana i nā motika traction:

1. Kūpa'a.
2. Kūlike like.
3. Kūlike.

VL10U

Mai ka makahiki 1976, ua ho'omaka ka huahana VL10 e hua i kona'ano kaulike, i ka inoa i ho'okomo i ka hua'ōlelo "U". Ma muli o ka ho'okomo'ana ma lalo o ka papahele o ke kino o nā amo,'o ka ukana mai ka huila huila ma nā alala i ho'onui'ia mai ka 23 a 25 mau ton. No laila, ua pa'a nui nā huila locomotive i nā ala, i hiki ai ke lawe i nā kaumaha kaumaha. Ma ka'ao'ao mechanical, ua ho'ohui'ia ka locomotive uila, a me kona'ano papa me nā'ano o ka'ohana VL80. No ke kino, ua hui pū nā'oko'a, a me nā mea nui a me nā mea hao pū, ua ho'ohui'ia lākou me VL10. Ua iho mai ka VL10U locomotive Electric mai ka mea lawe e lawe i ka 979 kope. Ua kūkulu'ia ka locomotive e ka lā'au Tbilisi, akā ua hana'ia ma nā papahana o ka mea kanu Novocherkassk. Pono e ho'omaopopo'ia ke kū nei kēia hi'ohi'ona i ke'ano o ka model model TEVZ a ua ho'onohonoho'ia. 'O nā locomotives'elua hope loa VL10U i ho'okumu'ia i ka makahiki 2005 ma ke kauoha o ke Alanui Kaa Mahu o Azerbaijan.

VL10N

'O ke kŘkohu he locomotive hiko'ole me ka hana o ka ho'ohālike hana hou, i kūkulu'ia no ka hae uila o Norilsk, e like me ka mea i hō'ike'ia e ka hua'ōlelo "H" ma ka inoa. 'O ia i hana'ia e ka lā'au Tbilisi i ka manawa mai 1984 a 1985. No kēia manawa 10 ua ha'alele nā locomotives hiku i ka laina hui. I kēia lā, ua kākau mua'ia lākou.

VL10P

I ka makahiki 2001, ho'olahalaha'o Chelyabinsk Electric Locomotive Repair Plant i kekahi mahele o nā locomotives VL10-523 a me VL10-1867 ma ka ho'ohuli'ana iā lākou i kahi locomotives dual-cab i ka VL10P no ka ho'okele wa'a. I kēia hihia,'o ka model VL10P-523-1 ke kumu kū'ai mua o ka locomotive elekamela VL10. Ua mālama'ia kahi ModL10P-1867-1 i kahi hale hou i ho'ohana'ia, ho'ohana'ia ma nā'ano VL10K. Ua kākau'ia kekahi o nā hi'ohi'ona i ka makahiki 2012, a'o ka lua o ka makahiki i ka makahiki ma hope.

VL10K

I ka makahiki 2010, ua ho'onui ka Chelyabinsk Electric Locomotive Repair Plant i nā locomotives VL10. Ua ho'opili'ia nā loli i ka hale a me ke kaapuni pūnaewele. Ua pani'ia ka mea ho'oponopono o ka mea ho'okele e kahi polokalamu ho'olālā pilikino e pili ana i kahi polokalamu telemechanical o nā'āpana he nui. A no ka pani'ana i ka ho'ololi o ka hui, hiki mai nā mea hui pū ho'okahi. Lawe'ia nā mea palepa e like me ke'ano o ka puka e ho'ololi'ia mai ka pilina i ka pilina o ka motua trail VL10. Ua hiki ke ho'oikaika i ka locomotive i nā mahele 2, 3 a me 4, me ka loli pinepine i ka pili'ana i ka motika traction. 'O ka mechanical mechanics, nā mīkini kōkua a me nā motua traction,'a'ole lākou i loli.

'O ka locomotive uila VL10

I ka ho'omaka'ana o ka makahiki 2010, ua ho'onui ka Chelyabinsk lā'au i kahi'āpana o ka loka VL10-777 a ho'olilo'ia ia he moto uila. Ua ho'oku'u'ia nā lakohana o ke ke'ena pūnaewele, a ua ho'olālā'ia ka lumi ho'olālā i loko o kahi ke'ena ka'a. Ma nā paia'ao'ao o ka locomotive, ua ho'okomo'ia nā puka makani nui, a ua ho'one'e'ia ka puka komo i hope o ka locomotive. Aia ma loko o ka mahele, ma waenakonu o ka pāpaku hou, he mau kukui e ho'omālamalama ai, a ma nā'ao'ao o nā papa'aina i ho'onohonoho'ia me nā noho. 'O ka paukū'elua o ka locomotive i ho'omau i ka hana'ana i kāna mau'oihana elela. Ua ho'ohana'ia kēia'ano ho'ohālike no ka lawe'ana i ke alaka'i o ka'ao'ao Urals Railway. Hiki iā ia ke hana ma'amau a me nā ka'a ka'a ka'a. I ka makahiki 2013, ma ka māhele o ka māka'i, i ka wā o ka ne'e'ana, ua puka mai kahi pūlili, a ma muli o ka hopena i ho'oku'u'ia ai.

4E10

'O kēia ka inoa o ka locomotive kālua pā'ani pā'ani kahi i hana'ia e ka mea Tbilisi i hana'ia mai nā papa hana o ka VL10 no ke Ke'ena'Āina Moana o Georgian. 'O ka nui, ma ka makahiki mai 2000 a 2008, 15 mau locomotives hili i kūkulu'ia. 'O kēia mau mea, he 14 mau hi'ohi'ona i hana'ia ma Georgia, a ua kauoha'ia e nā Lūkini e ho'okahi. 'Oiai'o ka mea kūikawā ke kū i ke kūlana 4E10 e like me kahi locomotive leka uila, ma Georgia i ho'ohana pinepine'ia no ka ho'okele'ana i nā ka'a'oihana ka'a. 'O ka mea'oia'i'o,'o ka ho'ohana'ana i nā locomotives ka mea i hiki ai ke ho'oku'u i nā locomotive loli kaumaha no ka lawe'ana i nā ka'a ka'a.

Ka ho'ohana

I kēia lā,'o VL10 ka locomotive loea DC nui i ho'ohana'ia no ka lawe wa'a i nā'āina CIS. E like me nā'oihana locomotives'ē a'e, ho'ohana'ia nō ho'i no nā ka'a ka'a ka'a. Loa'a nā ki'i like'ole o ka locomotive VL10 elekani'ōma'oma'o. Eia na'e, i nā manawa e pa'i hou'ia nā mea pā'ani i nā'ōmole o nā ka'a uila. 'O ka'ike o ka locomotive VL10 he mea ma'alahi ia i nā po'e he nui, no ka mea, he mea ma'alahi ia ma nā hale ka'a pili hale. Ma ke ala, i ka manawa ho'okahi, ua ho'ā'o pū kekahi mau māhele VL10 e ho'ohana i nā'oihana kaiāulu e like me kekahi o nā ka'a uila.

Loa'a

Mai ka makahiki 1975, ua kūkulu'ia ka huahana VL11 i kūkulu'ia, i kūkulu'ia ma ke kumu o ka VL10 a loa'a i kahi o nā hi'ohi'ona maika'i. 'O ke kumu nui o ka ho'olālā'ana i ke'ano kila kila hou,'a'ole ia he hana maika'i o ka locomotive VL10 a me kona'ano'elemakule, akā na'e, he nele ka mana. I ka ho'omaka'ana, makemake nā mea ho'olale e ho'oponopono i nā locomotive'elua e hana me nā māhele'ekolu. A laila ho'ā'o lākou e ho'olako i ka waihona VL10 me ka mana hou. Eia na'e,'a'ole i ho'opilikia'ia nā koho'elua, a ua ho'omaka ka Tbilisi Electric Locomotive Plant e hana i kahi VL11 locomotive hou, a hiki ke ho'ohana i nā papahana he nui. Mai ka makahiki 1975 a hiki i 2015, 1346 mau locomotives o kēia papahana i kūkulu'ia. A hiki i kēia lā, hiki ke loa'a iā lākou ma nā ala ka'a alanui'oko'a o nā'āina CIS mua. Ma kekahi o lākou, ho'ohana pū nā locomotives uila VL11 me nā ka'a pā'ani.

Ka Hopena

Ma muli o ka'ike'ana i ka wehewehe'ana o ka locomotive VL10, hiki ke ho'oholo'ia he pono ka holomua o nā hanahana lovotives o Soviet. Ua hō'oia kēia ma ke'ano o ka'ōnaehana a hiki i kēia lā e'ike'ia ana ma nā ka'a hana alanui. No ka'oi aku o ke kanalima mau makahiki, ua ho'opau maika'i'ia ka hana a me ka hana hou o VL10 locomotives loli.'A'ole lākou e wikiwiki e kākau i ka'āina.