ʻakika: examples papaaina. waiwai o nāʻakika

Nāʻakika - kēia mau mea Nine Inch i huiʻia i nā hiki o ka haawi ana i ka uila, papa mai ion (cation) hydrogen, aʻae mau vzaimodeystvuschih huina'ine, ma ia ho okumu i ka covalent hoopaa.

Ma kēia 'atikala i ka kumu oʻakika, a ua ao aku ma kiʻekiʻe papa o ke kula kiʻekiʻe, e like me aʻo na hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo e pili ana i kekahi mau nāʻakika mākou noonoo. Ke hoomau aku.

Nāʻakika: Kind

I kemika aia no he wahi lihi iki o keʻano o nāʻakika, a i loa kekahi mau waiwai. Chemists maopopoʻakika maʻiʻo oia hoi o ka oxygen, ma ka volatility, solubility i loko o ka wai, ikaika, kumupaʻa, no a hiki i ka papa o ke aloha a me'okanikaʻole Nine Inch i huiʻia. Ma kēia 'atikala, e nana aku kakou, i ka papaʻaina i ka makana i kaʻakika loa kaulana. Table ke kōkua no ka inoa o kaʻakika a me kona Nine Inch haʻilula.

No laila, a pau maopopo i nanaia. Kēia papa hōʻike i ka maikai-ikeia ma ka Nine Inch hanaʻakika. I ka papaʻaina, e kōkua i ka hailona wikiwiki e hoomanao inoa a me nā papakuhikuhi.

hydrosulfuricʻakika

H ₂ S - hydrogen sulfide kaʻakika. Kona peculiarity waiho i loko o ka mea ia ia kekahi mea he kinoea. Hydrogen sulfide ka loa ino rastovoryaetsya i loko o ka wai, e like me E hoʻolauna me ka ai he nui i eliiaʻi. Hydrogen sulfideʻakika pili ana i ka pae ana o "nawaliwaliʻakika", examples o a mākou e kamaʻilio i loko o kēia 'atikala.

H ₂ S mai i kānakaʻala ono, a me ka loa pungent ala o ka popopo hua. Ma ke ano maoli, ka mea hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ka maoli a pele kinoea, a me ka mea, ua hoʻokuʻuʻia ka wā i ke kumuʻiʻo putrefaction.

Waiwai nāʻakika, ua loa like, a hiki ina kaʻakika mea paʻa mau i ka hana, e hiki e loa pono ole i kanaka ola. Kēiaʻakika ka loaʻawahia i ka ke kanaka. By inhalation o ka uuku nui o ka hydrogen sulfide i loko o ke kanaka, hoala e ae la headache hoʻomaka loa nausea a me ka pōniuniu. Inā he kanaka hanu nui dala o H ₂ S, ka mea hiki ke alakai i ke kāʻili 'ana, coma, a me ka makeʻana.

sulfuricʻakika

¶ ₂ H ₄ - mea he ikaika sulfuricʻakika me a nā keiki i hoʻolauna i ke kemika aʻoʻo ia i loko o ka 8 la papa. Nine nāʻakika e like me sulfuricʻakika, ua nui loa ikaika oxidants. H ₂ ¶ _4ʻoihana'ē aʻe e like me ka oxidant no ka mea he nui na mea hiki ke hooheheeia, a me ka walaʻauʻana oxides.

H ₂ ¶ ₄ ma ka hui 'ana me ka ili a me ke kapa kumu no Nine Inch'ā, akā, ia mea,ʻaʻole likeʻawahia me hydrogen sulfide.

nitricʻakika

I ka honua, ia mea nui ka ikaikaʻakika. 'O kekahi mau nāʻakika: HCl, H ₂ ¶ _4, HBr, HNO _3. HNO ₃ - ua ike i ka pau nitricʻakika. Ua Ua ua hoʻomano hoʻohana ma ka hana, a me ka mahiai. Ua ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka hana o nā fertilizers, Jewelry, pai kiʻi, ma ka hana ana o na laau a me ka make, e like me ia ma ka hoomalu ana i puolo.

Oia Nine Inchʻakika e like me nitricʻakika, ua nui loa nā palapala i ka meaola. HNO ₃ hui haʻalele ulcers, i huʻi li nui a me ka ÷ naehana hanu'āpana ae hookaawale.

nitrousʻakika

Nitrousʻakika ua nui pinepine pioloke me ka naikokene, akā, i ka likeʻole ma waena o ia mea. Ka mea i nitrousʻakika mea nui nawaliwali nitric,ʻo ia ihola ia waiwai a me ka hopena ma luna o ke kanaka kino.

HNO ₂ Ua ua hoʻomano hoʻohana ma o ka Nine Inch oihana puolo.

hydrofluoricʻakika

Hydrofluoricʻakika (ole hydrogen fluoride) - he kākoʻo pāʻoihana o ka H ₂ O l HF. ʻakika amide - HF. Hydrofluoricʻakika ua nui hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka Aluminum oihana puolo. Ia mea hoʻoheheʻe silicates, etched silikone, silicate aniani.

Hydrogen fluoride ka loa nā palapala i ke kino o ke kanaka, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka lehulehu o ka lāʻau hiki e maʻalahi. Ma hope o ka leo me ka ili, muaʻaʻohe loli, akā, ma hope o kekahi mau minuke, oe e loaa i ka pahi ka eha, a me ka Nine Inch'ā. Hydrofluoricʻakika ka loa nā palapala i ke kaiapuni.

hydrochloricʻakika

HCl - ka hydrogen koloriside, mea he ikaikaʻakika. Hydrogen kolorisideʻakika aua ai i ka waiwai a pau a hiki i ka pae ikaika. Ma kaʻakika palapala Ua maopopo a me ka colorless, a e kū nei ea. Hydrogen koloriside ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ke kila a me ka ai na hana.

Kēiaʻakika ke kumu no'ā, akā, oiaio hoi ka mea i kona maka.

phosphoricʻakika

Phosphoricʻakika (H ₃ PO ₄₎ - mea i loko o kona nawaliwaliʻakika waiwai. Akā,ʻo nāwaliwali nāʻakika hiki i ikaika waiwai. No ka laʻana, H ₃ PO ₄ e ia ma ka hana no ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka hao lepo. Eia hou kekahi, forsfornaya (ole phosphoric)ʻakika ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia ma ka mahiai - ka mea, ua i mai o ke ākeaʻano o fertilizers.

Waiwai nāʻakika loa like -ʻaneʻane kela mea keia mea o ia ka loa nā palapala i ke kanaka kino, H ₃ PO ₄ mea i koe. No ka laʻana, keiaʻakika kekahi kumu no ka wi'ā, kahe ana ke koko mai ka ihu, a me ka crumbling niho.

carbonicʻakika

CO ₂ H ₃ - nawaliwaliʻakika. Ua ua hua mai la ka mea hoʻoheheʻeʻia CO ₂ (ke kalapona'okikene lua) i loko o ka ₂ H O (Wai). Carbonicʻakika ua hoʻohana 'ia ma kālaimeaola a me ka biochemistry.

Pa apŘ o kekahi mau nāʻakika

ʻakika nuʻa Radio nui i kūlana ma kaʻimi naʻauao a me ka mea hiki māhele o kemika. Mahalo i ka ike ana o ka pa apŘ ke hoʻoholo i ka lehulehu o ka kekahiʻakika, pōpilikia e hoʻoponopono i Nine Inch pilikia, a me ka huina akau o kaʻakika hoʻouka hou aku au i lawe mai naoh. Nuʻa kekahiʻakika loli aʻe ke kaumaha ma muli o ka lehulehu. No ka laʻana, ka mea i oi aku ka lehulehu o ka pakeneka, i ka oi aku o ka pa apŘ.

ʻO kekahi mau waiwai o nāʻakika

Loa a pauʻakika waiwai i luna '(a laila, iloko o kekahi mau oihana mua o ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika papaʻaina), pela pono hoʻokomo i loko o kona haku mele' ana H (hydrogen). Next, ua noonoo ka Nine Inch waiwai o nāʻakika, i mea, he pono ole.

1. All oxygenatedʻakika (i mea i loaʻa i loko o haʻilula O) i hanaʻia i ka decomposition o ka wai, a me kaʻakika'okesaside. A anoxic pela decomposed i loko o simpler waiwai (e laʻa me, 2HF decomposes i F ₂ a me H _2).
2. ʻakika-oxidants pane koke me nā mea a pau i eliiaʻi i waena o ke hooheheeia aayoaeuiinoe (wale ka poe aia ma ka hema o H).
3. Pāʻani aku me nā paʻakai, akā,ʻo nā mea i hana hou nawaliwaliʻakika.

Ke physical waiwai o nāʻakika OAOOUIEeE ikaika mai kekahi i kekahi. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka mea, i ka ala, aʻaʻole i ia, akā, i ia i loko o kekahi mau Hawaii o ka aggregation: kinowai, gaseous paha i paa. He loa hoihoi 'e noiʻi i ka paaʻakika. 'O kekahi mau nāʻakika: C ₂ H ₂ 0 ₄ a me H ₃ bo _3.

lehulehu

Lehulehu o ka nui a hoʻoholo i ka laupaʻi haku mele 'ana o kekahi pāʻoihana. No ka laʻana, chemists pinepine pono e hooholo i ka nui oʻakika ma ka dilute H ₂ ¶ _eha mea hala ole sulfuricʻakika. No keia mea ka mea, ninini iho i ka uuku nui o ka diluteʻakika i loko o ka hano, kaupaona a me ka pa apŘ hoʻoholo lehulehu papa. ʻakika lehulehu haka interconnected me ka pa apŘ manao kontsetratsii pinepine pilikia i ka ho omaulia hana ma ia mea e pono ke hooholo i ka pakeneka o ka maemaeʻakika i loko o ka pāʻoihana.

Mea Maluna ma ka helu o kaʻakika H nā'ātoma i loko o kā lākou Nine Inch haʻilula

Kekahi o ka loa hanohano Mea Maluna o ke kaawale ana o nāʻakika, monobasic, dibasic, a, me, tribasic nāʻakika. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka monobasic nāʻakika: HNO ₃ (nitricʻakika), HCl (hydrochloric), HF (hydrofluoric) a me na mea e ae. Mau nāʻakika i kapaia monobasic, mai ko lakou haku mele 'ana ma laila mea wale kekahi'Ātoma H. He nui nāʻakika, loa ole e hoomanao kela a me keia. Mākou e pono no hoʻomanaʻo wale i kaʻakika mea hoʻolaha, a me ka helu o H nā'ātoma i loko o kā lākou 'ole. I hoakakaia like me diacids. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike: H ₂ ¶ ₄ (sulfuricʻakika), H ₂ S (hydrogen sulfide), H ₂ CO ₃ (lanahu) a me na mea e ae. Tribasic: H ₃ PO ₄ (phosphoricʻakika).

I ka papa kuhikuhiE Mea Maluna nāʻakika

Kekahi o ka loa hanohano Mea Maluna o nāʻakika mea e māhelehele au iā lāua i loko o oxygenated a me ka i oxygen-noa. Pehea e hoomanao, i ka ike ole i ka Nine Inch haʻilula o ka waiwai i ka oxygen ma-i loaʻaʻakika?

Mākou a pau hydrogen nāʻakika i loko o ka haku mele mea,ʻaʻole nui ka hehee ai o ka O - oxygen, akā, he mea kekahi hapa o H. Nolaila, ua mau wahi i ko lakou inoa i ka hua'ōlelo "hydrogen". HCl - Ua hydrochloricʻakika, he H ₂ S - hydrogen sulfide.

Akā, no hoi ma na inoa kislosoderzhaschih nāʻakika ke kākauʻana i ka haʻilula. No ka laʻana, ina ka helu o O nā'ātoma i loko o ka mea - 4 a 3 laila, mau i hoʻohuiʻia ma ka inoa kau hope -n- a me ka loa -aya-:

• H ₂ ¶ ₄ - sulfuricʻakika (ka helu o nā'ātoma - 4);
• H ₂ SiO ₃ - silikone (ka helu o nā'ātoma - 3).

Inā he mea i emi malalo o ekolu o oxygen nā'ātoma, a ekolu, o ka inoa -ist- kau hope ua hoʻohana 'ia:

• HNO ₂ - nitrous;
• H ₂ ¶ ₃ - sulfurous.

Common waiwai

All nāʻakika i ka huawaina ono, a me ka pinepine o ka iki mea hao. Akā, he mea 'ē aʻe like ka waiwai, a mākou e noonoo.

Aia nā waiwai i kapaʻia nā hoailona. ʻO nā hoailona hoʻololi waihoʻoluʻu a pau, a koe keʻano, akā, hoʻololi kona hue. Kēia ia lŘlŘ i kekahi manawa i ka wa a na LEDs e ma kekahi 'ē' ona e like meʻakika.

An kumu o ke ano loli e malama i ka maʻa i na mea he nui huahana e like me kī, a me ka citricʻakika. I ka wa e hoolei kī lemona kī laila, i nā mea, hoomaka ae la e hoomalamalama ai i nunui. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ka lemona he citricʻakika.

Aia i'ē aʻe examples. Litmus, a huli ulaula ma'ākilikai nā meakino i ka poni 'ia nā pōpō, ohui hydrochloricʻakika.

Ma ka naoh o nāʻakika a me na mea hiki ke hooheheeia ma ka electromotive hopena ua i ka hydrogen kinoea Oe e anao? Aou - H. naʻe, inā i kau ka Tube me kaʻakika metala i mea i hoʻopilikia ma hope o lalani H, laila,ʻaʻohe naoh, e hana ana, ke kinoea evolution e ia. No ka laʻana, keleawe, ke kala, o Hereme, platinum a me ke gula, e pane koke me nāʻakika mea ole.

Ma kēia 'atikala, nānā mākou i ka loa kaulana Nine Inch nāʻakika, e like me kā lākou mau papa kuhikuhiE hiʻona a me ka oko ao.